WAN Chaw nres nkoj vs LAN Chaw nres nkoj: Cov ntsiab lus sib txawv piav qhia

Nkag siab WAN Ports

A. Kev txhais thiab kev ua haujlwm

Ib qhov chaw nres nkoj WAN - luv luv rau Wide Area Network chaw nres nkoj - yog koj lub router txoj sia mus rau lub ntiaj teb sab nraud. Tsis zoo li LAN chaw nres nkoj, uas txuas cov khoom siv hauv koj lub tsev lossis chaw ua haujlwm, WAN chaw nres nkoj txuas koj lub network mus rau ISP (Internet Service Provider) ntawm modem. Xav tias nws yog tus neeg saib xyuas lub rooj vag: nws tuav tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv hloov chaw ntawm koj lub zos teeb tsa thiab hauv internet loj heev. Txawm hais tias koj nyob hauv fiber ntau optic, DSL, lossis cable modem, qhov chaw nres nkoj no ua kom muaj kev sib txuas mus rau lwm cov tes hauj lwm thoob plaws ib cheeb tsam. Nws tau tsim rau cov tsheb thauj mus los (cov ntaub ntawv koj xa) thiab cov tsheb khiav qis (cov ntaub ntawv koj tau txais), ua rau nws tseem ceeb rau huab nkag lossis chaw taws teeb ua haujlwm.

B. Kev Siv Feem Ntau ntawm WAN Ports

Yog li, nws siv rau dab tsi? Ntawm no yog ib tug ceev rundown:

Txuas rau koj ISP rau kev siv internet.

Teem lub VPN kom ruaj ntseg nkag mus rau tej thaj chaw deb.

Txuas ntau qhov chaw ua hauj lwm hauv ib cheeb tsam network.

Hauv kuv qhov kev paub dhau los teeb tsa lub network hauv tsev, WAN chaw nres nkoj yog qhov chaw koj ntsaws rau hauv ethernet cable los ntawm modem - tsis muaj kev xav zoo nkauj xav tau. Nws tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm hnyav hnyav xws li streaming lossis gaming, vim nws txiav txim siab koj lub qab nthab nrawm raws li koj txoj kev npaj ISP.

C. Cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb

Ntawm sab tech, WAN chaw nres nkoj ci nrog nta xws li:

Public IP assignment: Koj router tau txais qhov chaw nyob pom hauv internet.

NAT (Network Address Translation): Khaws koj tus kheej IP cov cuab yeej tom qab ib qho chaw nyob pej xeem.

Firewall: Ntxiv ib txheej ntawm kev ruaj ntseg tiv thaiv sab nraud hem.

Kuv tau pom kev teeb tsa qhov twg QoS (Kev Pabcuam Zoo) ntawm WAN tseem ceeb rau kev khiav tsheb-hais, rau Zoom hu dhau kev rub tawm. Nrog kev xaiv encryption thiab chaw nres nkoj xa mus, nws yog lub zog rau kev ntseeg siab thiab kev ua haujlwm, txuas koj lub network sab hauv mus rau lub vev xaib qus.

Nkag siab txog LAN Ports

A. Kev txhais thiab kev ua haujlwm

Ib qhov chaw nres nkoj LAN-luv rau Local Area Network chaw nres nkoj-yog tus hero unsung ntawm koj lub network. Pom tau ntawm koj lub router lossis hloov, nws txuas cov khoom siv xws li khoos phis tawj, tshuab luam ntawv, thiab cov gaming consoles hauv qhov chaw kaw, zoo li koj lub tsev lossis chaw ua haujlwm. Tsis zoo li WAN chaw nres nkoj uas tham hauv internet, LAN chaw nres nkoj khaws cov khoom hauv zos, ua kom cov ntaub ntawv xa mus ntawm koj lub iav. Nws yog tus txha caj qaum ntawm koj lub network sab hauv, ua kom muaj kev sib txuas lus nrawm yam tsis muaj kev cia siab rau ISP whims. Txawm hais tias nws yog kev sib txuas gigabit lossis qhov txuas ethernet yooj yim, qhov chaw nres nkoj no txuas koj cov khoom siv ua ke seamlessly.

B. Kev siv LAN Ports

Nws zoo rau dab tsi? Ntau! Nov yog qhov kuv tau pom hauv kev ua:

Tsim ib lub network hauv tsev rau kev sib faib cov ntaub ntawv lossis streaming rau lub TV ntse.

Txuas qhov chaw nkag lossis mesh system kom zoo dua Wi-Fi kev pab.

Txuas lub server lossis lub tshuab luam ntawv hauv chaw ua haujlwm rau kev sib faib cov peev txheej.

Kuv tau txuas kuv PS5 mus rau qhov chaw nres nkoj LAN kom qis dua thaum lub sijhawm ua si hauv online - ntaus wireless txhua zaus. Nws kuj tseem zoo meej rau kev teeb tsa VLAN yog tias koj tab tom faib cov tes hauj lwm, xws li khaws cov qhua tuaj yeem cais tawm ntawm koj lub rig loj.

C. Cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb

Tech-wise, LAN chaw nres nkoj ntim qee qhov kev ua kom zoo nkauj:

Tus IP chaw nyob ntawm DHCP: Muab cov chaw nyob xws li 192.168.xx rau koj cov khoom siv.

Gigabit lossis multigig speeds: Kov siab bandwidth rau kev hloov ceev ceev.

Switching: Txoj kev tsheb khiav tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv sib txuas.

Los ntawm kuv qhov tinkering, Kuv tau pom LAN cov chaw nres nkoj feem ntau txhawb QoS kom ua ntej, hais tias, lub laptop ua haujlwm dhau lub tub yees txias. Lawv tsis tshua muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev nyab xeeb vim lawv tsis raug rau hauv is taws nem, ua rau lawv muaj kev ntseeg siab rau scalability - tsuas yog ntxiv ib lub hub lossis choj yog tias koj khiav tawm ntawm qhov qhib. Yooj yim, ruaj khov, thiab qhov tseem ceeb.

WAN Chaw nres nkoj vs LAN Chaw nres nkoj: Qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv

A. Scope ntawm Network Coverage

WAN chaw nres nkoj thiab LAN chaw nres nkoj tsis tuaj yeem txawv dua thaum nws los txog. Ib qhov chaw nres nkoj WAN txuas koj lub router mus rau hauv internet, hla thaj chaw dav dav-xav cov nroog lossis txawm tias lub tebchaws. Nws yog koj qhov txuas mus rau ISP, tuav cov kev sib txuas sab nraud ntawm thaj chaw loj. Lub caij no, qhov chaw nres nkoj LAN nyob ze rau hauv tsev, khi ua ke koj lub network hauv cheeb tsam. Peb tab tom tham cov khoom siv hauv koj lub chaw ua haujlwm lossis chav nyob - khoos phis tawj, tshuab luam ntawv, lossis lub server, tag nrho hauv qhov luv luv. Kuv tau teeb tsa cov tes hauj lwm uas WAN mus txog lub ntiaj teb, tab sis LAN khaws kuv cov khoom siv sib tham hauv ib lub tsev.

B. Hom kev sib txuas thiab lub hom phiaj

Lub hom phiaj-wise, lawv nyob hmo ntuj thiab nruab hnub. Qhov chaw nres nkoj WAN ntsaws rau hauv modem-xws li fiber ntau optic, DSL, lossis cable modem-kom nqa internet los ntawm koj ISP. Nws yog tsim rau cov dej ntws thiab cov dej ntws ntws, zoo meej rau kev nkag mus rau huab cua lossis chaw taws teeb ua haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, LAN chaw nres nkoj? Qhov ntawd yog rau cov khoom siv hauv network. Nws txuas koj qhov hloov pauv, nkag mus, lossis txawm tias lub kaw lus mesh los qhia cov peev txheej xws li cov ntaub ntawv lossis lub tshuab luam ntawv. Thaum kuv xaim kuv lub tsev, WAN tau txais ethernet los ntawm modem, thaum LAN ports pub kuv lub TV thiab laptop.

C. IP Chaw Tswj Xyuas

IP tuav yog lwm qhov sib cais. WAN chaw nres nkoj rub tus IP pej xeem los ntawm koj ISP, ua rau koj lub network pom hauv online. Nws siv NAT los npog koj tus IP ntiag tug tom qab qhov chaw nyob ntawd. LAN cov chaw nres nkoj, nyob rau sab ntxeev, tshem tawm cov IP ntiag tug ntawm DHCP-xav 192.168.xx-rau koj cov khoom siv. Qhov no ua rau koj lub network sab hauv tawm ntawm pej xeem radar. Kuv tau tweaked subnets ntawm LAN kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib tsoo, thaum WAN tsuas yog siv qhov ISP muab.

D. Kev txiav txim siab ceev thiab Bandwidth

Speed ​​yog ib tug biggie. WAN chaw nres nkoj caps ntawm koj ISP bandwidth-hais, 100 Mbps yog tias qhov ntawd yog koj txoj kev npaj. Latency tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv qhov ntev, ib yam nkaus. Tab sis LAN ports? Lawv yog cov tsiaj nyaum, feem ntau ntaus gigabit lossis multigig ceev rau kev sib txuas nrog. Kuv tau pom LAN zip cov ntaub ntawv nruab nrab ntawm PCs ntawm 1 Gbps, thaum WAN chugs nrog ntawm txhua qhov fiber optic kab tso cai. QoS tuaj yeem pab ua ntej kev khiav tsheb ntawm ob qho tib si, tab sis LAN yeej rau kev ua haujlwm nyoos.

E. Kev ruaj ntseg nta

Kev ruaj ntseg qhov twg lawv diverge dua. WAN chaw nres nkoj ntsib cov tsiaj qus hauv internet, yog li nws leans ntawm firewall, encryption, thiab chaw nres nkoj xa mus los tiv thaiv kev hem. Nws nthuav tawm, xav tau kev ntseeg siab. Qhov chaw nres nkoj LAN, ntsaws rau hauv koj lub tsev network, muaj kev nyab xeeb dua - tsis xav tau kev lees paub hnyav. Kuv tau kaw WAN nrog VPN rau kev ua haujlwm, tab sis LAN tsuas yog hums nrog, ntseeg kuv qhov hloov pauv thiab cov khoom siv. Ua ke, lawv sib npaug kev sib txuas thiab kev tiv thaiv.

WAN thiab LAN Ports ua haujlwm ua ke li cas

A. Lub luag haujlwm hauv Router

Koj lub router yog tus tswv, thiab WAN thiab LAN cov chaw nres nkoj yog nws cov duo dynamic. WAN chaw nres nkoj txuas mus rau modem, rub hauv internet los ntawm koj ISP-nws yog lub qhov rooj rau kev nkag mus rau sab nraud. Tom qab ntawd, cov chaw nres nkoj LAN tau dhau mus, faib qhov kev sib txuas rau koj cov khoom siv xws li laptops, tshuab luam ntawv, lossis hloov pauv. Daim duab no: cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv los ntawm WAN (lub ntiaj teb sab nraud) mus rau LAN (koj lub network hauv tsev). Kuv tau teeb tsa ntau lub routers qhov twg WAN tuav tus IP pej xeem, thiab LAN cov tais diav tawm IPs ntiag tug kom txhua yam humming.

B. Configuration Basics

Kev teeb tsa lawv tsis yog foob pob hluav taws science. Rau qhov chaw nres nkoj WAN, koj ntsaws rau hauv ethernet los ntawm koj lub modem-tej zaum fiber ntau optic lossis DSL kab-thiab nkag rau koj daim ntawv pov thawj ISP yog tias xav tau. Tej zaum nws yuav siv NAT lossis firewall chaw rau kev ruaj ntseg. Cov chaw nres nkoj LAN yog yooj yim dua: lawv pib muab IP chaw nyob ntawm DHCP rau koj lub network sab hauv. Koj tuaj yeem tweak lub subnet lossis pab QoS los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm bandwidth-hais, rau kev ua si dhau kev rub tawm. Kuv tau messed nrog cov chaw no los txhawb kev ua haujlwm, thiab feem ntau nws tsuas yog ob peb clicks hauv router software.

C. Cov Piv Txwv Ntiaj Teb tiag

Nov yog qhov nws ua tau zoo: Hauv tsev, kuv lub modem txuas rau WAN chaw nres nkoj ntawm kuv lub router. Los ntawm qhov ntawd, LAN cov chaw nres nkoj pub txuas txuas rau kuv lub PC thiab TV, thaum Wi-Fi tuav kuv lub xov tooj. WAN tswj cov kev khiav dej num thiab nqes los ntawm ISP, thiab LAN ua rau kev sib txuas lus hauv zos ceev ceev-xav tias gigabit ceev. Nws yog ib pab neeg siv zog: WAN rau ncav cuag, LAN rau kev ntseeg tau. Txawm hais tias nws yog huab thaub qab lossis cov ntaub ntawv sib koom, lawv tau txais nws.

Xaiv ntawm WAN thiab LAN Ports

A. Thaum twg siv WAN Chaw nres nkoj

WAN chaw nres nkoj yog koj mus-rau thaum koj xav tau internet los ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraud. Txuas rau hauv koj lub modem - txawm tias nws yog fiber ntau optic, DSL, lossis cable modem - txhawm rau txuas rau koj ISP. Nws zoo meej rau:

Tau txais broadband rau hauv koj lub tsev network.

Teem lub VPN kom ruaj ntseg nkag mus rau tej thaj chaw deb.

Txuas rau cov kev pabcuam huab lossis ib lub network sab nraud.

Kuv tau siv nws los txuas kuv lub router rau kuv tus ISP txoj kab, tuav cov tsheb thauj mus rau sab sauv thiab qis qis zoo li champ. Nws yog koj tus choj rau thaj chaw dav dav, yog li yog tias kev sib txuas dhau ntawm koj phab ntsa yog lub hom phiaj, WAN yog koj xaiv.

LAN chaw nres nkoj ci rau kev ua haujlwm hauv network. Nws yog yam uas koj siv los xa cov khoom siv xws li PCs, tshuab luam ntawv, lossis hloov pauv hauv koj qhov chaw. Nov yog qhov uas nws haum:

Tsim ib cheeb tsam hauv cheeb tsam network rau kev sib faib cov ntaub ntawv.

Txuas qhov chaw nkag lossis mesh kom zoo dua Wi-Fi.

Txuas lub gaming rig rau gigabit ceev thiab qis latency.

Kuv tau khiav ib qho ethernet los ntawm LAN chaw nres nkoj rau kuv lub TV rau kev lag luam tsis muaj streaming - ntaus wireless tes. Nws yog txhua yam hais txog kev sib txuas lus ceev ceev, txhim khu kev qha nyob rau hauv ntau qhov nruj.

Tsis yog tiag, tab sis muaj ib tug caveat. Feem ntau cov routers kaw WAN thiab LAN chaw nres nkoj rau lawv lub luag haujlwm-WAN rau ISP, LAN rau cov khoom siv. Qee cov qauv zoo nkauj tso cai rau koj rov muab cov chaw nres nkoj, xws li tig LAN rau hauv WAN rau lub modem thib ob. Kuv tau pom qhov no hauv kev teeb tsa kev lag luam, tab sis rau kev siv hauv tsev, nws tsis tshua muaj. Ua raws li lawv lub zog: WAN rau pej xeem IP thiab bandwidth los ntawm sab nraud, LAN rau tus IP ntiag tug thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv zos. Kev sib xyaw ua ke feem ntau tsuas yog cuam tshuam lub network.

Pros thiab Cons ntawm IP67 thiab IP68

A. Cov teeb meem ntawm WAN Port

Thaum koj qhov chaw nres nkoj WAN ua haujlwm, nws feem ntau yog qhov internet lifeline uas raug ntaus. Cov khoom uas kuv tau ua suav nrog:

Kev sib txuas poob qis-koj ISP tej zaum yuav poob qis lossis lub modem tsis zoo.

Slow ceev - liam bandwidth caps lossis latency los ntawm dodgy fiber optic kab.

Ob chav NAT mob taub hau-ob routers sib ntaus sib tua ntawm pej xeem IP lub luag haujlwm.

Ib zaug, kuv WAN yuav tsis txuas vim lub ethernet los ntawm cable modem tau xoob. Nws yog lub rooj vag rau koj qhov chaw dav dav, yog li thaum nws ua tsis tiav, koj raug txiav tawm ntawm huab lossis chaw taws teeb nkag.

B. Cov teeb meem ntawm LAN chaw nres nkoj

LAN chaw nres nkoj woes mess nrog koj lub network sab hauv. Nov yog qhov kuv tau pom:

Cov khoom siv tsis tshwm sim - hloov pauv lossis kev sib txuas ntawm hub.

Sluggish gigabit speeds - phem wired cables los yog cuam tshuam.

IP tsis sib haum - ob lub gadgets rub tib tus IP ntiag tug ntawm DHCP.

Kuv muaj lub tshuab luam ntawv tso tawm kuv lub LAN vim tias lub ethernet tau txuas ib nrab. Nws yog koj cheeb tsam hauv cheeb tsam network workhorse, yog li thaum nws stumbles, sib koom cov ntaub ntawv los yog ntaus ib qho chaw nkag tau dicey.

Kho cov no tsis nyuaj heev. Rau WAN:

Rov pib lub modem thiab router - rov pib dua cov dej ntws tawm / qis qis.

Tshawb xyuas ISP xwm txheej lossis tweak NAT teeb tsa hauv firewall.

Rau LAN:

Hloov cov ethernet cable - pheej yig kho rau kev ua tau zoo poob.

Reboot lub router los yog kho QoS kom ua ntej kev khiav tsheb.