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Kodi network interface card ndi chiyani ndipo network card imachita chiyani?
Khadi yolumikizira netiweki (NIC) imadziwikanso kuti adapter network kapena adapter ya LAN. Ndi gawo lalikulu la kompyuta yanu yomwe imalola kuti ilumikizane ndi zida zina ndi maukonde. Khadi ili limathandizira kutumiza data pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya netiweki, monga Efaneti kapena Wi-Fi.
NIC iliyonse ili ndi adilesi yakeyake ya MAC. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kukonza maukonde anu. Kudziwa momwe NIC imagwirira ntchito ndikofunikira kuti maukonde agwire bwino ntchito komanso kulumikizana kodalirika.
M'ndandanda wazopezekamo
- 1. Mitundu ya Makhadi a Network Interface
- 2. Ntchito Zofunikira za NIC
- 3. Zigawo Zofunikira za Network Interface Card
- 4. Momwe NIC Imagwirira Ntchito
- 5. Ubwino Wogwiritsa Ntchito Network Interface Card
- 6. Kuyika ndi Kusintha kwa NIC
- 7. Momwe Mungasankhire NIC Yoyenera
- 8. Chitetezo cha NICs
- 9. Tsogolo la Makhadi a Network Interface Cards
Zofunika Kwambiri
·Anetiweki mawonekedwe khadindizofunikira pakulumikiza zida ndi ma netiweki.
·Ma NICs amagwira ntchito kudzera pama protocol a waya komanso opanda zingwe.
·NIC iliyonse ili ndi adilesi yapadera ya MAC yodziwika.
·Ma adapter a LAN amathandizira kutumiza kwachangu kwa data ndikuwongolera maukonde.
·Kumvetsetsa ma NICs kumatha kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito amtaneti.
Mitundu ya Makhadi a Network Interface
Makhadi olumikizana ndi netiweki ndiwofunikira pakulumikiza zida ndi ma netiweki. Amabwera m'mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu: mawaya ndi opanda zingwe. Mtundu uliwonse umakwaniritsa zosowa zosiyanasiyana kutengera magwiridwe antchito, mawonekedwe, komanso malo ochezera.
Makhadi a Wired Network Interface
Makhadi olumikizana ndi mawaya, omwe amadziwikanso kuti makhadi a ethernet, amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa Efaneti polumikizira. Amapezeka m'makompyuta apakompyuta ndi ma seva. Makhadi amenewa amadziwika ndi liwiro komanso kudalirika.
Ma NIC a mawaya nthawi zambiri amakhala osankhidwa akamalumikizana mwachangu, mosasinthasintha pakufunika. Amatsatira zosiyanasiyanaMtengo wapatali wa magawo NIC, kuwonetsetsa kuti zimagwira ntchito bwino ndi zida zosiyanasiyana.
Makhadi a Wireless Network Interface
Kumbali ina, makhadi opanda waya opanda zingwe, kapena ma NIC opanda zingwe, amalumikiza zida ndi ma netiweki kudzera pa mafunde a wailesi. Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala abwino kwa laputopu, mapiritsi, ndi mafoni am'manja. Amapereka kusuntha komanso kusinthasintha.
Ma NIC opanda zingwe amatsata mwachindunjiMtengo wapatali wa magawo NICndipo zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi liwiro. Kusankha pakati paEthernet khadindi aopanda zingwe NICzimatengera zosowa za wogwiritsa ntchito komanso malo ochezera a pa intaneti.
Ntchito zazikulu za NIC
| Ntchito | Kufotokozera |
| Kusintha kwa Data | Amasintha deta kuchokera ku chipangizo chotumizira mauthenga. |
| Packet Management | Amakonza deta m'mapaketi kuti atumize ndi kulandira bwino. |
| Kutsata kwa Protocol | Amatsatirama protocol a networkmonga TCP/IP yolumikizirana yokhazikika. |
| Kuwona Kolakwika | Imatsimikizira kukhulupirika kwa data panthawiKutumiza kwa data kwa NICkupewa kutaya. |
Zigawo Zofunikira za Network Interface Card
Khadi yolumikizira intaneti (NIC) ili ndi magawo angapo ofunikira. IziZithunzi za NICtithandizeni kumvetsetsa ndikukonza zovuta pamanetiweki. Zimathandizanso kukonza momwe maukonde amagwirira ntchito.
Chachikulunetwork interface chipili pamtima pa NIC. Imagwira mapaketi a data ndikulankhula ndi makina opangira makompyuta. Chip ichi ndiye chinsinsi chachangu komanso chachangu cha netiweki.
TheZomangamanga za NICilinso ndi firmware. Pulogalamuyi imatsimikizira kuti hardware ikugwira ntchito bwino. Imagwira kutumiza deta ndi kukonza zolakwika.
Kukumbukira ndikofunikira pakusunga mapaketi a data mwachidule. Izi zimathandiza pokonza ndi kutumiza kapena kulandira deta. Ndi gawo lofunikira kwambirimaukonde mawonekedwe hardware kapangidwe.
NIC iliyonse ili ndi adilesi yapadera ya MAC. Adilesiyi imathandizira kuzindikira pa netiweki. Ndikofunikira kuti deta ifike pamalo oyenera.
Zolumikizira monga madoko a Efaneti kapena tinyanga zopanda zingwe zimalumikiza NIC ku netiweki. Kudziwa zolumikizira izi ndikofunikira pakuwongolera maukonde bwino.
Kodi Network Card imachita chiyani?
Ma Network Interface Cards (NICs) ndi ofunikira pakulumikizana kwa data pamanetiweki. Amayang'anira kukonza kwa data ya NIC kuti atumize deta bwino. Njirayi ndi yovuta, yomwe imaphatikizapo njira zingapo.
Choyamba, NIC imakutira deta yomwe imalowa m'mafelemu. Sitepe iyi, yotchedwa data encapsulation, imawonjezera adilesi ya MAC yopita ku chimango chilichonse. Ndikofunika kuti deta ifike komwe ikupita.
Pambuyo pokonza, NIC imayendetsa adilesi ya data ndi kutumiza. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti mapaketi a data amatumizidwa molondola. Zonse ndi kuonetsetsa kuti deta ifika pamalo oyenera.
Ma NICs amatenga gawo lalikulu pakugwira ntchito kwa maukonde. Kudziwa momwe amagwirira ntchito kumathandizira kukonza kayendedwe ka data.
Ubwino Wogwiritsa Ntchito Network Interface Card
Kukhazikitsa ndi Kusintha kwa NIC
Gawo loyamba pakuyika NIC ndikuyiyika pagawo lokulitsa la kompyuta. Onetsetsani kuti kompyuta yazimitsidwa kuti isawonongeke. Pambuyo kukhazikitsa hardware, gwirizanitsani NIC ku netiweki kuti muyambe kulankhulana.
Kenako, sinthani mawonekedwe a netiweki. Izi zimaphatikizapo kukhazikitsa madalaivala kuti opareshoni azitha kuzindikira NIC. Ma NIC ambiri amabwera ndi diski yoyika kapena madalaivala omwe amapezeka patsamba la opanga. Tsatirani malangizo mosamala kuti muwonetsetse kuti zikugwirizana.
Pambuyo kukhazikitsa madalaivala, kukhazikitsa zoikamo maukonde. Izi zikuphatikiza kupereka ma adilesi a IP ndi ma subnet masks ku NIC. Muthanso kuloleza kugawa kwa IP kudzera pa DHCP kuti muzitha kuyang'anira mosavuta. OnaniChitsogozo chokhazikitsa NICkuti mudziwe zambiri za chipangizo chanu.
·Zimitsani ndi kumasula kompyuta musanayike.
·Lowetsani NIC mu kagawo koyenera kokulitsa.
·Lumikizani NIC ku netiweki pogwiritsa ntchito chingwe cha Efaneti.
·Ikani madalaivala ofunikira a NIC yanu.
·Konzani makonda a netiweki, kuphatikiza ma adilesi a IP.
Upangiri wa tsatane-tsatane umapangitsa kukhazikitsa NIC kukhala kosavuta ndikuwonetsetsa kulumikizana kodalirika. Kukonzekera koyenera kumakulitsa magwiridwe antchito ndi bata mumanetiweki anu.
| Khwerero | Kufotokozera | Zotsatira |
| 1 | Chotsani ndikuchotsa kompyuta. | Chitetezo kuonetsetsa pa unsembe. |
| 2 | Ikani NIC pagawo lokulitsa. | Kuyika kwakuthupi kwatha. |
| 3 | Lumikizani NIC ku netiweki. | Kufikira kwa netiweki kwakonzedwa. |
| 4 | Ikani madalaivala. | NIC yodziwika ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito. |
| 5 | Konzani makonda a netiweki. | Kulankhulana kogwira mtima kwakhazikitsidwa. |
Momwe Mungasankhire NIC Yoyenera?
Mukasankha NIC ya makina anu, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana zinthu zingapo. Choyamba, onani ngati NIC ikugwira ntchito bwino ndi zida zanu zamakono. Izi zimawonetsetsa kuti zikugwirizana ndi bolodi lanu lamanja ndi zida zina popanda zovuta.
Ganizirani zomwe mukufuna pa intaneti yanu. Mukasewerera makanema kapena kusewera masewera, mudzafuna NIC yomwe imatha kuthana ndi data yambiri. Onani mayendedwe a NIC monga momwe angatumizire data mwachangu komanso momwe imayankhira mwachangu.
Komanso, ganizirani zina zowonjezera monga kuthandizira pamiyezo yatsopano yapaintaneti ndi zida zachitetezo. Onetsetsani kuti NIC ikugwira ntchito bwino ndi makina anu ogwiritsira ntchito komanso makonzedwe a netiweki. Izi zikuphatikizapo ma routers ndi ma switch. Ndikofunikira kuti chilichonse chizigwira ntchito bwino limodzi.
| Mbali | Kufunika | Malingaliro |
| Network Compatibility | Zofunikira pakuphatikiza | Onani chithandizo cha hardware yomwe ilipo |
| Mphamvu ya Bandwidth | Mwachindunji zimakhudza liwiro | Unikani zosowa potengera kugwiritsa ntchito |
| Thandizo la Advanced Protocol | Imawongolera magwiridwe antchito ndi chitetezo | Yang'anani miyezo yamakono |
| Kugwirizana kwa Operating System | Imatsimikizira kugwira ntchito moyenera | Tsimikizirani kupezeka kwa oyendetsa |
Poganizira mfundozi ndikuyang'ana zomwe zilipo, mutha kusankha NIC yoyenera pazosowa zanu.
Zachitetezo cha NICs
Tsogolo la Makhadi a Network Interface
Mapeto
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