Icyambu cya WAN vs LAN Icyambu: Itandukaniro ryingenzi ryasobanuwe

Gusobanukirwa ibyambu bya WAN

A. Ibisobanuro n'imikorere

Icyambu cya WAN - kigufi ku cyambu cyagutse - ni inzira ya router yawe ku isi. Bitandukanye nicyambu cya LAN, gihuza ibikoresho murugo rwawe cyangwa biro, icyambu cya WAN gihuza umuyoboro wawe na ISP (Internet Service Provider) ukoresheje modem. Bitekerezeho nk'umurinzi w'irembo: ikora amakuru yose yoherejwe hagati yimiterere yawe na interineti nini. Waba uri kuri fibre optique, DSL, cyangwa modem ya kabili, iki cyambu cyemeza guhuza imiyoboro yo hanze hakurya y'akarere. Yubatswe kumurongo wo hejuru (amakuru wohereje) hamwe numuhanda wo hasi (amakuru wakiriye), bituma biba ngombwa kubicu cyangwa akazi ka kure.

B. Imikoreshereze isanzwe ya WAN ibyambu

None, yakoresheje iki? Dore ibintu byihuse:

Kwihuza na ISP yawe kugirango ubone interineti.

Gushiraho VPN kugirango igere kure.

Guhuza ibiro byinshi byibiro hejuru yumurongo mugari.

Mubunararibonye bwanjye gushiraho imiyoboro yo murugo, icyambu cya WAN niho ucomeka umugozi wa ethernet kuva modem-nta mayeri meza akenewe. Ni urufunguzo kandi rwinshi-imirimo iremereye nko gutembera cyangwa gukina, kuko igena umuvuduko wawe wihuta ukurikije gahunda ya ISP.

C. Ibiranga tekinike

Kuruhande rwikoranabuhanga, icyambu cya WAN kimurika nibintu nka:

Inshingano rusange ya IP: Router yawe ibona adresse igaragara kuri enterineti.

NAT (Umuyoboro wa Aderesi ya Network): Hisha ibikoresho byawe bya IP inyuma ya aderesi rusange.

Firewall: Ongeraho urwego rwumutekano urwanya iterabwoba ryo hanze.

Nabonye gushiraho aho QoS (Ubwiza bwa Serivisi) kuri WAN ishyira imbere traffic-vuga, kuri Zoom guhamagara hejuru yo gukuramo. Hamwe na encryption ihitamo hamwe nicyerekezo cyohereza imbere, ni imbaraga zokwizerwa no gukora, guhuza urusobe rwimbere kurubuga rwishyamba.

Gusobanukirwa ibyambu bya LAN

A. Ibisobanuro n'imikorere

Icyambu cya LAN - kigufi kuri porte ya Network Network - ni intwari itavuzwe murusobe rwawe. Byabonetse kuri router yawe cyangwa uhindura, ihuza ibikoresho nka mudasobwa, printer, hamwe na kanseri yimikino mumwanya muto, nkurugo rwawe cyangwa biro. Bitandukanye nicyambu cya WAN kivugana na enterineti, icyambu cya LAN gikomeza ibintu byaho, bigafasha kohereza amakuru hagati yibikoresho byawe. Ninkingi yumurongo wimbere, ukemeza itumanaho ryihuse udashingiye kubushake bwa ISP. Byaba ari gigabit ihuza cyangwa ihuriro ryibanze rya ethernet, iki cyambu gihuza ibikoresho byawe hamwe.

B. Imikoreshereze isanzwe yicyambu cya LAN

Ni ikihe kintu cyiza? Byinshi! Dore ibyo nabonye mubikorwa:

Kubaka umuyoboro murugo wo gusangira dosiye cyangwa gutambuka kuri TV ifite ubwenge.

Guhuza uburyo bwo kugera cyangwa sisitemu ya mesh kugirango ubone neza Wi-Fi.

Guhuza seriveri cyangwa printer mubiro byo kugabana umutungo.

Nafatishije PS5 yanjye ku cyambu cya LAN kugirango ubukererwe buke mugihe cyo gukina kumurongo - gukubita umugozi buri gihe. Nibyiza kandi gushiraho VLAN niba urimo gutandukanya imiyoboro, nko kugumisha ibikoresho byabashyitsi bitandukanye na rig.

C. Ibiranga tekinike

Tekinoroji, ibyambu bya LAN bipakira amayeri meza:

Aderesi ya IP yihariye ukoresheje DHCP: Igenera aderesi nka 192.168.xx kubikoresho byawe.

Umuvuduko wa Gigabit cyangwa multigig: Ukoresha umurongo mwinshi wo kwimura vuba.

Guhindura: Inzira nyabagendwa neza hagati yibikoresho bihujwe.

Nkurikije tinkering, Nabonye ibyambu bya LAN bikunze gushyigikira QoS kugirango dushyire imbere, tuvuge, mudasobwa igendanwa y'akazi hejuru ya firigo ifite ubwenge. Ntabwo bafite impungenge z'umutekano kubera ko zitagaragaye kuri interineti, bigatuma zizewe ku bunini - kongeramo ihuriro cyangwa ikiraro niba ubuze aho uhagarara. Biroroshye, bikomeye, kandi ni ngombwa.

WAN Port vs LAN Icyambu: Itandukaniro ryingenzi

A. Igipimo cyurubuga

Icyambu cya WAN hamwe nicyambu cya LAN ntigishobora gutandukana mugihe cyo kugera. Icyambu cya WAN gihuza router yawe na enterineti, ikazenguruka umuyoboro mugari - tekereza imijyi cyangwa ibihugu. Numuhuza wawe kuri ISP, ukemura urujya n'uruza rwimodoka hanze yubutaka bunini. Hagati aho, icyambu cya LAN kiguma hafi y'urugo, gihuza urusobe rw'akarere kawe. Turimo tuvuga ibikoresho mubiro byawe cyangwa mucyumba - mudasobwa, printer, cyangwa seriveri, byose mugihe gito. Nashizeho imiyoboro aho WAN igera kwisi, ariko LAN ituma ibikoresho byanjye biganira munzu imwe.

B. Ubwoko bwihuza nintego

Intego-nziza, ni ijoro n'umurango. Icyambu cya WAN icomeka muri modem - yaba fibre optique, DSL, cyangwa modem ya kabili - kugirango ikure interineti muri ISP yawe. Yubatswe hejuru yimbere no kumanuka, byuzuye kubicu cyangwa akazi ka kure. Icyambu cya LAN, nubwo? Nibyo kubintu byurusobe rwimbere. Ihuza switch yawe, aho igera, cyangwa na mesh sisitemu yo kugabana ibikoresho nka dosiye cyangwa printer. Igihe nashakaga urugo rwanjye, WAN yakuye ethernet muri modem, mugihe ibyambu bya LAN byagaburiraga TV yanjye na mudasobwa igendanwa.

C. Gucunga aderesi ya IP

Gukoresha IP nubundi gutandukana. Icyambu cya WAN gifata IP rusange muri ISP yawe, bigatuma umuyoboro wawe ugaragara kumurongo. Ikoresha NAT guhisha IP yawe yihariye inyuma yiyo aderesi imwe. Ibyambu bya LAN, kuruhande, fungura IP yihariye ukoresheje DHCP - tekereza 192.168.xx - kubikoresho byawe. Ibi bituma umuyoboro wawe w'imbere utagaragara kuri radar rusange. Nahinduye subnets kuri LAN kugirango nirinde amakimbirane, mugihe WAN ifata gusa ibyo ISP itanga.

D. Ibitekerezo byihuta

Umuvuduko ni biggie. Icyambu cya WAN gifata umurongo wa ISP - vuga, 100 Mbps niba aribyo gahunda yawe. Ubunebwe burashobora kunyerera kure cyane, kandi. Ariko ibyambu bya LAN? Ninyamanswa, akenshi zikubita gigabit cyangwa umuvuduko mwinshi kugirango uhuze insinga. Nabonye dosiye ya LAN zipi hagati ya PC kuri 1 Gbps, mugihe WAN ikubita hamwe kubintu byose umurongo wa fibre optique ubyemerera. QoS irashobora gufasha gushyira imbere traffic kuri kimwe, ariko LAN itsindira imikorere mibi.

E. Ibiranga umutekano

Umutekano niho bongeye gutandukana. Icyambu cya WAN gihura na interineti yo ku gasozi, bityo gishingiye kuri firewall, encryption, hamwe n’icyambu cyohereza icyorezo. Byashyizwe ahagaragara, bikeneye kwizerwa. Icyambu cya LAN, cyashyizwe mu rugo rwawe, gifite umutekano-ntigikenewe cyane. Nafunze WAN hamwe na VPN kumurimo, ariko LAN iraceceka gusa, nizeye ko nahinduye ibikoresho. Hamwe na hamwe, baringaniza guhuza no kurinda.

Uburyo ibyambu bya WAN na LAN bikorana

A. Uruhare muri Router

Router yawe niyo nyirabayazana, kandi ibyambu bya WAN na LAN nibyo byombi bikora. Icyambu cya WAN gihuza na modem, gikurura interineti kuri ISP yawe - ni irembo ryo kwinjira kumurongo wo hanze. Hanyuma, ibyambu bya LAN bifata, bikwirakwiza ibyo bihuza kubikoresho byawe nka mudasobwa zigendanwa, printer, cyangwa switch. Shushanya iyi: ihererekanyamakuru ryaturutse muri WAN (hanze yisi) kuri LAN (umuyoboro wawe murugo). Nashizeho router nyinshi aho WAN ifata IP rusange, kandi LAN ikuramo IP yihariye kugirango ibintu byose bishoboke.

B. Ibyingenzi

Kubashiraho ntabwo siyanse yubumenyi. Ku cyambu cya WAN, ucomeka kuri ethernet uhereye kuri modem yawe - ahari fibre optique cyangwa umurongo wa DSL - hanyuma ukandika ibyangombwa bya ISP niba bikenewe. Irashobora gukoresha NAT cyangwa firewall igenamigambi ryumutekano. Ibyambu bya LAN biroroshye: byikora-bigenera aderesi ya IP ikoresheje DHCP kumurongo wawe w'imbere. Urashobora guhindura subnet cyangwa gushoboza QoS gushyira imbere umurongo wa interineti - vuga, kumikino yo gukuramo. Nabangamiwe nibi bice kugirango nongere imikorere, kandi mubisanzwe ni ugukanda gake muri software ya router.

C. Urugero-rwukuri

Dore uko ikina: Murugo, modem yanjye ihuza icyambu cya WAN kuri router yanjye. Kuva aho, ibyambu bya LAN bigaburira insinga kuri PC na TV, mugihe Wi-Fi ikora terefone yanjye. WAN icunga urujya n'uruza rwinshi ruva muri ISP, kandi LAN ituma itumanaho ryaho ryihuta-tekereza umuvuduko wa gigabit. Nimbaraga zitsinda: GUSHAKA kugera, LAN yo kwizerwa. Byaba ibicu bibikwa cyangwa kugabana dosiye, barabifunze.

Guhitamo Hagati ya WAN na LAN

A. Igihe cyo gukoresha icyambu cya WAN

Icyambu cya WAN nicyo ujya mugihe ukeneye interineti ivuye hanze. Shyira muri modem yawe - yaba fibre optique, DSL, cyangwa modem ya kabili - kugirango uhuze na ISP yawe. Nibyiza kuri:

Kubona umurongo mugari murugo rwawe.

Gushiraho VPN kugirango igere kure.

Guhuza serivisi zicu cyangwa umuyoboro wo hanze.

Nayikoresheje kugirango mfate router yanjye kumurongo wa ISP, nkora epfo na ruguru kumanuka nka champ. Nicyo kiraro cyawe kumurongo mugari, niba rero guhuza kurenga inkuta zawe arintego, WAN yawe.

Icyambu cya LAN kimurika kubikorwa byimbere. Nicyo ukoresha mugukoresha ibikoresho nka PC, printer, cyangwa switch mumwanya wawe. Dore aho bihurira:

Kubaka umuyoboro waho wo gusangira dosiye.

Guhuza aho winjirira cyangwa mesh kugirango Wi-Fi nziza.

Gufata imashini ikinisha umuvuduko wa gigabit nubukererwe buke.

Nakoresheje ethernet kuva ku cyambu cya LAN kugeza kuri TV yanjye kugirango itangire-gukubita amaboko adafite umugozi hasi. Byose bijyanye n'itumanaho ryihuse, ryizewe murwego rugufi.

Ntabwo mubyukuri, ariko hariho caveat. Inzira nyinshi zifunga ibyambu bya WAN na LAN kubikorwa byazo - WAN kuri ISP, LAN kubikoresho. Moderi nziza zimwe zemerera kohereza ibyambu, nko guhindura LAN muri WAN kuri modem ya kabiri. Nabonye ibi mubigo byashizweho, ariko kubikoresha murugo, ntibisanzwe. Komera ku mbaraga zabo: USHAKA kuri IP rusange hamwe numuyoboro mugari uturutse hanze, LAN kubikorwa bya IP byihariye nibikorwa byaho. Kubivanga mubisanzwe bitiranya umuyoboro.

Ibyiza n'ibibi bya IP67 na IP68

A. Ibibazo rusange bya WAN

Iyo icyambu cya WAN gikora, mubisanzwe umurongo wa enterineti urakubitwa. Ibintu nahuye nabyo birimo:

Kwihuza kugabanuka - ISP yawe irashobora kuba hasi cyangwa modem ya flake.

Umuvuduko gahoro - gushinja imipira yumurongo cyangwa ubukererwe kuva kumurongo wa fibre optique.

Kubabara umutwe kabiri - inzira ebyiri zirwanira imirimo rusange ya IP.

Igihe kimwe, WAN yanjye ntabwo yahuza kuko ethernet yo muri kabili modem yari irekuye. Ni irembo ryumurongo mugari wawe, iyo rero binaniwe, ucibwa mubicu cyangwa kugera kure.

B. Ibibazo rusange byicyambu

Icyambu cya LAN kibabaje hamwe numuyoboro wawe w'imbere. Dore ibyo nabonye:

Ibikoresho bitagaragara-guhinduranya nabi cyangwa guhuza hub.

Umuvuduko wa gigabit wihuta - insinga mbi cyangwa insinga.

IP amakimbirane - ibikoresho bibiri bifata IP imwe yihariye ukoresheje DHCP.

Nari mfite printer yataye LAN yanjye kuko ethernet yacometse igice. Nibikorwa byiwanyu byo mukarere kawe, iyo rero gutsitara, kugabana dosiye cyangwa gukubita aho bigera bigacika intege.

Gukosora ibi ntabwo bikomeye. Kuri WAN:

Ongera utangire modem na router-usubize hejuru / kumanuka.

Reba imiterere ya ISP cyangwa uhindure igenamiterere rya NAT muri firewall.

Kuri LAN:

Hindura umugozi wa ethernet-gukosora bihendutse kubikorwa byo kugabanuka.

Ongera uhindure router cyangwa uhindure QoS kugirango ushire imbere traffic.