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Ikarita y'urusobekerane rw'urusobe ni iki kandi ikarita y'urusobe ikora iki?
Ikarita y'urusobekerane rw'urusobe (NIC) izwi kandi nk'umuyoboro uhuza imiyoboro cyangwa umuyoboro wa LAN. Nigice cyingenzi cya mudasobwa yawe ituma ihuza nibindi bikoresho nuyoboro. Iyi karita ifasha kohereza amakuru hejuru yubwoko butandukanye, nka Ethernet cyangwa Wi-Fi.
Buri NIC ifite adresse yihariye ya MAC. Ibi biroroshye kuyobora imiyoboro yawe. Kumenya uko NIC ikora ningirakamaro kumikorere myiza y'urusobekerane kandi rwizewe.
Imbonerahamwe
- 1. Ubwoko bw'amakarita y'urusobekerane
- 2. Imikorere yingenzi ya NIC
- 3. Ibyingenzi byingenzi bigize ikarita ya interineti
- 4. Uburyo NIC ikora
- 5. Ibyiza byo gukoresha ikarita ya interineti
- 6. Kwinjiza no Kugena NIC
- 7. Uburyo bwo Guhitamo NIC ibereye
- 8. Ibice byumutekano bya NIC
- 9. Ibihe bizaza kubikarita ya interineti
Ibyingenzi
·A.ikarita y'urusobekeraneni ngombwa muguhuza ibikoresho kumurongo.
·NICs ikora binyuze mumashanyarazi kandi adafite umugozi.
·Buri NIC ifite adresse idasanzwe ya MAC yo kumenyekana.
·Adaptateur ya LAN itanga uburyo bwiza bwo kohereza amakuru no gucunga imiyoboro.
·Gusobanukirwa NICs birashobora kuzamura imikorere muri rusange.
Ubwoko bw'amakarita y'urusobekerane
Ikarita ya interineti ya interineti ni urufunguzo rwo guhuza ibikoresho kuri neti. Ziza muburyo bubiri bwingenzi: insinga na simsiz. Buri bwoko bujuje ibyifuzo bitandukanye bishingiye kumikorere, urwego, hamwe nurusobe rwibidukikije.
Ikarita Yumurongo Wamakarita
Ikarita y'urusobekerane rw'amakarita, izwi kandi nk'amakarita ya ethernet, koresha tekinoroji ya Ethernet kugirango uhuze. Birasanzwe muri mudasobwa ya desktop na seriveri. Aya makarita azwiho umuvuduko no kwizerwa.
Wired NICs niyo ihitamo mugihe byihuse, guhuza bihoraho birakenewe. Bakurikira bitandukanyeIbipimo bya NIC, kwemeza ko bakora neza hamwe nibikoresho bitandukanye.
Ikarita ya Wireless Network Ikarita
Kurundi ruhande, amakarita yumurongo wa interineti, cyangwa NICs idafite simusiga, ihuza ibikoresho kumurongo ukoresheje radiyo. Ibi bituma bakomera kuri mudasobwa zigendanwa, tableti, na terefone zigendanwa. Zitanga kugenda no guhinduka.
Wireless NICs ikurikira yihariyeIbipimo bya NICkandi bitandukanye murwego n'umuvuduko. Guhitamo hagati yaikarita ya ethernetna asimsiz NICBiterwa nu mukoresha ibyo akeneye hamwe nurusobe rwibidukikije.
Imikorere y'ingenzi ya NIC
| Imikorere | Ibisobanuro |
| Guhindura amakuru | Hindura amakuru kuva muburyo bwibikoresho byo kohereza imiyoboro. |
| Gucunga paki | Tegura amakuru mumapaki kugirango wohereze neza kandi wakire. |
| Kubahiriza amasezerano | Abakurikiraumuyoboronka TCP / IP kubitumanaho bisanzwe. |
| Kugenzura Ikosa | Kugenzura ubunyangamugayo bwamakuru mugiheIkwirakwizwa rya NICkwirinda igihombo. |
Ibyingenzi byingenzi bigize ikarita ya interineti
Ikarita isanzwe y'urusobekerane (NIC) ifite ibice byinshi by'ingenzi. IbiIbigize NICudufashe kumva no gukemura ibibazo byurusobe. Bafasha kandi kunoza uburyo urusobe rukora neza.
Ibyingenziimiyoboro ya interineti chipni ku mutima wa NIC. Ikora paki yamakuru kandi ikaganira na sisitemu y'imikorere ya mudasobwa. Iyi chip ni urufunguzo rwuburyo bwihuse kandi bunoze.
UwitekaNIC ubwubatsiikubiyemo porogaramu. Iyi software iremeza neza ko ibyuma bikora neza. Ikemura amakuru yoherejwe no gukosora amakosa.
Kwibuka ni ngombwa kubika amakuru paki muri make. Ibi bifasha mugutunganya no kohereza cyangwa kwakira amakuru. Ni igice cy'ingenzi cyaimiyoboro ya interineti imiyoboro yububiko.
Buri NIC ifite adresse idasanzwe ya MAC. Iyi adresse ifasha kuyimenya kumurongo. Nibyingenzi kugirango amakuru agere ahantu heza.
Ihuza nka port ya Ethernet cyangwa antenne idafite umugozi ihuza NIC numuyoboro. Kumenya aya masano ni urufunguzo rwo gucunga neza urusobe.
Ikarita y'Urusobe ikora iki?
Ikarita ya Interineti Ikarita (NICs) ni urufunguzo mu itumanaho ryamakuru. Bakoresha NIC gutunganya amakuru kugirango bohereze amakuru neza. Iyi nzira iragoye, irimo intambwe nyinshi.
Ubwa mbere, NIC ipfunyika amakuru yinjira mubice. Iyi ntambwe, yitwa data encapsulation, yongeraho aho MAC igana kuri buri kintu. Nibyingenzi kugirango amakuru agere aho yerekeza.
Nyuma yo gukora, NIC icunga aderesi yamakuru no kohereza. Ibi byemeza ko paki zoherejwe neza. Byose bijyanye no kumenya neza ko amakuru agera ahabigenewe.
NICs igira uruhare runini mu mikorere y'urusobe. Kumenya uko bakora bifasha kunoza amakuru.
Ibyiza byo gukoresha ikarita ya interineti
Kwinjiza no Kugena NIC
Intambwe yambere mugushiraho NIC nukuyinjiza muburyo bwa mudasobwa. Menya neza ko mudasobwa yazimye kugirango wirinde kwangirika. Nyuma yo kwinjizamo ibyuma, huza NIC kumurongo kugirango utangire itumanaho.
Ibikurikira, shiraho imiyoboro ya interineti. Ibi birimo gushiraho abashoferi kugirango sisitemu ikora ibashe kumenya NIC. NIC nyinshi ziza zifite disiki yo kwishyiriraho cyangwa abashoferi baboneka kurubuga rwabakora. Kurikiza amabwiriza witonze kugirango umenye guhuza.
Nyuma yo gushiraho abashoferi, shiraho igenamiterere. Ibi birimo gutanga aderesi ya IP hamwe na masnet ya subnet kuri NIC. Urashobora kandi gushoboza IP umukoro ukoresheje DHCP kugirango byoroshye kuyobora. Reba iUbuyobozi bwa NICkubisobanuro birambuye kubikoresho byawe.
·Zimya hanyuma ucomeke mudasobwa mbere yo kwishyiriraho.
·Shyiramo NIC ahantu hagutse.
·Huza NIC kumurongo ukoresheje umugozi wa Ethernet.
·Shyiramo ibinyabiziga bikenewe kuri NIC yawe.
·Hindura igenamiterere ry'urusobe, harimo aderesi ya IP.
Iyi ntambwe ku ntambwe iyobora ituma gushiraho NIC byoroha kandi byemeza imiyoboro yizewe. Iboneza neza bizamura imikorere no gutuza murusobe rwawe.
| Intambwe | Ibisobanuro | Ibisubizo |
| 1 | Zimya kandi ucomeke mudasobwa. | Umutekano wizewe mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho. |
| 2 | Shyiramo NIC ahantu hagutse. | Kwiyubaka kumubiri byarangiye. |
| 3 | Huza NIC kumurongo. | Umuyoboro wateguwe. |
| 4 | Shyiramo abashoferi. | NIC yamenyekanye na sisitemu y'imikorere. |
| 5 | Hindura igenamiterere ry'urusobe. | Itumanaho ryiza ryashyizweho. |
Nigute ushobora guhitamo NIC ibereye?
Iyo uhisemo NIC kuri sisitemu yawe, ni ngombwa kureba ibintu byinshi. Ubwa mbere, reba niba NIC ikorana neza nibikoresho byawe bigezweho. Ibi bireba neza ko bihuye na kibaho cyawe nibindi bikoresho nta kibazo.
Tekereza kubyo ukeneye uhereye kumurongo wawe. Niba ukurikirana amashusho cyangwa ukina imikino, uzakenera NIC ishobora gukoresha amakuru menshi. Reba imikorere ya NIC ibipimo nkuburyo ishobora kohereza amakuru nuburyo isubiza vuba.
Kandi, tekereza kubintu byinyongera nkubufasha bwibipimo bishya byurusobe nibiranga umutekano. Menya neza ko NIC ikorana neza na sisitemu y'imikorere yawe hamwe nurusobe. Ibi birimo router na switch. Nibyingenzi kugirango ibintu byose bikore neza hamwe.
| Ikiranga | Akamaro | Ibitekerezo |
| Guhuza urusobe | Ibyingenzi byo kwishyira hamwe | Reba inkunga kubikoresho biriho |
| Ubushobozi bwumurongo | Bituma byihuta | Suzuma ibikenewe ukurikije imikoreshereze |
| Inkunga ya Porotokole Yambere | Kunoza imikorere n'umutekano | Shakisha ibipimo bigezweho |
| Sisitemu ikora | Iremeza imikorere ikwiye | Kugenzura ibinyabiziga bihari |
Iyo utekereje kuri izi ngingo ukareba ibiboneka, urashobora guhitamo NIC ibereye kubyo ukeneye.
Umutekano Ibice bya NIC
Inzira Zizaza Kubikarita Yurubuga
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