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Karete ea khokahano ea marang-rang ke eng mme karete ea marang-rang e etsa eng?
Karete ea khokahano ea marang-rang (NIC) e boetse e tsejoa e le adaptara ea marang-rang kapa adaptara ea LAN. Ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea komporo ea hau e e lumellang hore e hokahane le lisebelisoa tse ling le marang-rang. Karete ena e thusa ho romella lintlha ka mefuta e fapaneng ea marang-rang, joalo ka Ethernet kapa Wi-Fi.
NIC e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le aterese ea eona e khethehileng ea MAC. Sena se etsa hore ho be bonolo ho laola marang-rang a hau. Ho tseba hore na NIC e sebetsa joang ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso e ntle ea marang-rang le likhokahano tse tšepahalang.
Tafole ea likateng
- 1. Mefuta ea likarete tsa Network Interface Cards
- 2. Mesebetsi ea Bohlokoa ea NIC
- 3. Likarolo tsa Bohlokoa tsa Card Network Interface Card
- 4. Kamoo NIC e Sebetsang Kateng
- 5. Melemo ea ho Sebelisa Network Interface Card
- 6. Ho kenya le ho hlophisoa ha NIC
- 7. Mokhoa oa ho khetha NIC e nepahetseng
- 8. Likarolo tsa Tšireletso tsa NICs
- 9. Mekhoa ea Bokamoso bakeng sa Likarete tsa Network Interface
Lintlha tsa bohlokoa
·Akarete ea khokahano ea marang-range bohlokoa bakeng sa ho hokahanya lisebelisoa ho marang-rang.
·Li-NIC li sebetsa ka liprothokholo tse nang le mehala le tse se nang mohala.
·NIC ka 'ngoe e na le aterese ea MAC e ikhethang bakeng sa boitsebahatso.
·Li-adapter tsa LAN li nolofalletsa phetiso ea data e sebetsang hantle le taolo ea marang-rang.
·Ho utloisisa li-NIC ho ka ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea marang-rang ka kakaretso.
Mefuta ea likarete tsa Network Interface Cards
Likarete tsa marang-rang li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho hokahanya lisebelisoa ho marang-rang. Li na le mefuta e 'meli e meholo: wired le wireless. Mofuta o mong le o mong o kopana le litlhoko tse fapaneng tse ipapisitseng le ts'ebetso, sebaka, le tikoloho ea marang-rang.
Wired Network Interface Cards
Likarete tsa marang-rang tse nang le marang-rang, tse tsejoang hape e le likarete tsa ethernet, li sebelisa theknoloji ea Ethernet bakeng sa likhokahano. Li tloaelehile lik'homphieutheng tsa li-desktop le li-server. Likarete tsena li tsejoa ka lebelo la tsona le ho tšepahala.
Li-NIC tse nang le marang-rang hangata ke khetho ha ho hlokahala khokahano e potlakileng, e tsitsitseng. Ba latela tse fapa-fapanengLitekanyetso tsa NIC, ho etsa bonnete ba hore ba sebetsa hantle le hardware e fapaneng.
Wireless Network Interface Cards
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, likarete tsa marang-rang tse se nang mohala, kapa li-NIC tse se nang mohala, li hokahanya lisebelisoa le marang-rang ka maqhubu a seea-le-moea. Sena se etsa hore e be tse ntle bakeng sa lilaptop, matlapa le li-smartphones. Ba fana ka motsamao o eketsehileng le ho feto-fetoha ha maemo.
Li-NIC tse se nang mohala li latela ka ho khethehaLitekanyetso tsa NICle ho fapana ka lebelo le lebelo. Khetho pakeng tsakarete ea ethernetle aNIC e se nang mohalaho itšetlehile ka litlhoko tsa mosebedisi le tikoloho ea marang-rang.
Mesebetsi ea mantlha ea NIC
| Mosebetsi | Tlhaloso |
| Phetoho ea Boitsebiso | E fetola data ho tsoa sebopehong sa sesebelisoa bakeng sa phetiso ea marang-rang. |
| Tsamaiso ea Pakete | E hlophisa lintlha ka lipakete bakeng sa ho romela le ho amoheloa ka nepo. |
| Tumellano ea Protocol | E latelaliprothokholo tsa marang-rangjoalo ka TCP / IP bakeng sa puisano e tloaelehileng. |
| Phoso ea ho Hlahloba | E netefatsa botšepehi ba data nakong eaPhetiso ea data ea NICho qoba tahlehelo. |
Likarolo tsa Bohlokoa tsa Karete ea Sehokelo sa Marang-rang
Karete e tloaelehileng ea marang-rang (NIC) e na le likarolo tse 'maloa tsa bohlokoa. TsenaLikarolo tsa NICre thuse ho utloisisa le ho lokisa litaba tsa marang-rang. Li boetse li thusa ho ntlafatsa tsela eo marang-rang a sebetsang hantle ka eona.
Ka sehloohongchip ea marang-range bohareng ba NIC. E sebetsana le lipakete tsa data le ho bua le sistimi ea ts'ebetso ea komporo. Chip ena ke senotlolo sa hore na marang-rang a potlakile hakae ebile a sebetsa hantle hakae.
Themeralo ea NICe boetse e kenyelletsa firmware. Software ena e etsa bonnete ba hore hardware e sebetsa hantle. E sebetsana le ho romela data le ho lokisa liphoso.
Memori e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho boloka lipakete tsa data ka bokhutšoanyane. Sena se thusa ho sebetsa le ho romella kapa ho amohela data. Ke karolo ea bohlokoa easebopeho sa hardware sa marang-rang.
NIC e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le aterese e ikhethang ea MAC. Aterese ena e thusa ho e tsebahatsa marang-rang. Ho bohlokoa hore data e fihle sebakeng se nepahetseng.
Lihokelo tse kang likou tsa Ethernet kapa li-antenna tse se nang mohala li hokela NIC ho netweke. Ho tseba ka likhokahano tsena ke senotlolo sa ho tsamaisa marang-rang hantle.
Network Card e etsa'ng?
Likarete tsa Network Interface Cards (NICs) li bohlokoa puisanong ea data ka marang-rang. Ba sebetsana le ts'ebetso ea data ea NIC ho romella data hantle. Mokhoa ona o rarahane, o kenyelletsa mehato e mengata.
Taba ea pele, NIC e phuthela data e kenang ka liforeimi. Mohato ona, o bitsoang data encapsulation, o eketsa aterese ea MAC ea moo e eang teng foreiming ka 'ngoe. Ho bohlokoa hore data e fihle moo e eang teng.
Ka mor'a ho theha, NIC e laola aterese ea data le ho fetisa. Sena se tiisa hore lipakete tsa data li romelloa ka nepo. Ke taba ea ho etsa bonnete ba hore data e fihla sebakeng se nepahetseng.
Li-NIC li bapala karolo e kholo ts'ebetsong ea marang-rang. Ho tseba hore na ba sebetsa joang ho thusa ho ntlafatsa phallo ea data.
Melemo ea ho Sebelisa Network Interface Card
Ho kenya le ho hlophisoa ha NIC
Mohato oa pele oa ho kenya NIC ke ho e kenya ka sekoting sa k'homphieutha. Etsa bonnete ba hore komporo e tingoe ho thibela tšenyo. Ka mor'a ho kenya hardware, kopanya NIC ho marang-rang ho qala puisano.
E latelang, lokisa sebopeho sa marang-rang. Sena se kenyelletsa ho kenya li-driver hore sistimi e tsebe ho tseba NIC. Li-NIC tse ngata li tla le disc ea ho kenya kapa li-driver tse fumanehang webosaeteng ea moetsi. Latela litaelo ka hloko ho netefatsa hore lia lumellana.
Ka mor'a ho kenya bakhanni, theha litlhophiso tsa marang-rang. Sena se kenyelletsa ho fana ka liaterese tsa IP le limaske tse nyane ho NIC. U ka boela ua lumella mosebetsi o matla oa IP ka DHCP bakeng sa tsamaiso e bonolo. HlahlobaTataiso ea ho seta ea NICbakeng sa lintlha tse khethehileng tsa sesebelisoa sa hau.
·Koala le ho ntša plug ea komporo pele o kenya.
·Kenya NIC sebakeng se nepahetseng sa katoloso.
·Hokela NIC ho netweke u sebelisa thapo ea Ethernet.
·Kenya li-driver tse hlokahalang bakeng sa NIC ea hau.
·Beakanya litlhophiso tsa marang-rang, ho kenyeletsoa liaterese tsa IP.
Tataiso ena ea mohato ka mohato e etsa hore ho be bonolo ho theha NIC le ho netefatsa khokahano e tšepahalang ea marang-rang. Tlhophiso e nepahetseng e matlafatsa ts'ebetso le botsitso marang-rang a hau.
| Mohato | Tlhaloso | Sephetho |
| 1 | Koala 'me u hakolle komporong. | Tšireletseho e netefalitsoe nakong ea ho kenya. |
| 2 | Kenya NIC sebakeng sa katoloso. | Ho kenngoa ha 'mele ho phethiloe. |
| 3 | Hokela NIC ho netweke. | Ho fihlella marang-rang ho lokisitsoe. |
| 4 | Kenya bakhanni. | NIC e amoheloa ke sistimi e sebetsang. |
| 5 | Lokisa litlhophiso tsa marang-rang. | Puisano e atlehileng e thehiloe. |
Mokhoa oa ho khetha NIC e nepahetseng?
Ha u khetha NIC bakeng sa sistimi ea hau, ho bohlokoa ho sheba lintlha tse 'maloa. Taba ea pele, hlahloba hore na NIC e sebetsa hantle le lisebelisoa tsa hau tsa hajoale. Sena se etsa bonnete ba hore e lumellana le boardboard ea hau le lisebelisoa tse ling ntle le mathata.
Nahana ka seo u se hlokang ho tsoa marang-rang a hau. Haeba u shebella livideo kapa u bapala lipapali, u tla batla NIC e ka sebetsanang le lintlha tse ngata. Sheba metrics ea ts'ebetso ea NIC joalo ka hore na e ka romella data ka potlako hakae le hore na e arabela kapele hakae.
Hape, nahana ka likarolo tse ling tse kang tšehetso bakeng sa maemo a macha a marang-rang le likarolo tsa ts'ireletso. Etsa bonnete ba hore NIC e sebetsa hantle ka sistimi ea hau ea ts'ebetso le ho seta marang-rang. Sena se kenyelletsa li-routers le li-switches. Ke senotlolo sa hore ntho e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e sebetse hantle hammoho.
| Sebopeho | Bohlokoa | Ho nahanela |
| Khokahano ea Marang-rang | E bohlokoa bakeng sa ho kopanya | Sheba tšehetso bakeng sa hardware e teng |
| Bokhoni ba Bandwidth | E ama lebelo ka kotloloho | Lekola litlhoko tse ipapisitseng le tšebeliso |
| Tšehetso e tsoetseng pele ea Protocol | E ntlafatsa ts'ebetso le ts'ireletso | Sheba litekanyetso tsa hona joale |
| Tšebelisano ea Tsamaiso ea Ts'ebetso | E netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng | Netefatsa boteng ba mokhanni |
Ka ho nahana ka lintlha tsena le ho sheba se fumanehang, u ka khetha NIC e nepahetseng bakeng sa litlhoko tsa hau.
Likarolo tsa Tšireletso tsa NICs
Mekhoa ea Bokamoso ea Likarete tsa Network Interface
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