I-WAN Port vs LAN Port: Iiyantlukwano eziphambili zicacisiwe

Ukuqonda i-WAN Ports

A. Inkcazo kunye nokusebenza

Izibuko le-WAN-mfutshane kwi-Wide Area Network port-liyindlela yakho yokuphila kwihlabathi langaphandle. Ngokungafaniyo ne-LAN port, edibanisa izixhobo ngaphakathi kwekhaya lakho okanye i-ofisi, i-WAN port idibanisa inethiwekhi yakho kwi-ISP (uMboneleli weNkonzo ye-Intanethi) ngemodem. Yicinge njengomgcini-sango: iphatha lonke ukuhanjiswa kwedatha phakathi kokuseta indawo yakho kunye ne-intanethi enkulu. Nokuba ukufiber optic, i-DSL, okanye imodem yentambo, eli zibuko liqinisekisa uqhagamshelo kuthungelwano lwangaphandle kwindawo yejografi. Yakhelwe ukugcwala okuphezulu (idatha oyithumelayo) kunye netrafikhi esezantsi (idatha oyifumanayo), iyenza ibaluleke kakhulu ukufikelela kwilifu okanye umsebenzi okude.

B. Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kwe-WAN Ports

Ke, isetyenziselwa ntoni? Nantsi inkcazo ekhawulezayo:

Ukuqhagamshela kwi-ISP yakho ukufikelela kwi-intanethi.

Ukuseta i-VPN yokufikelela ngokukhuselekileyo kude.

Ukudibanisa iindawo ezininzi zeeofisi kwinethiwekhi yendawo ebanzi.

Kumava am okuseta amanethiwekhi asekhaya, izibuko le-WAN kulapho uplaga khona intambo ye-ethernet esuka kwimodem-akukho maqhinga anqabileyo afunekayo. Ikwasisitshixo se-bandwidth-imisebenzi enzima efana nokusasaza okanye ukudlala, njengoko imisela isilingi yakho yesantya ngokusekwe kwisicwangciso sakho se-ISP.

C. Iimpawu zobuGcisa

Kwicala letekhnoloji, izibuko le-WAN likhanya ngeempawu ezinje:

Isabelo sikawonke-wonke se-IP: Umzila wakho ufumana idilesi ebonakalayo kwi-intanethi.

I-NAT (Inguqulelo yedilesi yeNethiwekhi): Ifihla izixhobo zakho ze-IP zabucala emva kwedilesi kawonke-wonke.

I-Firewall: Yongeza umaleko wokhuseleko ngokuchasene nezoyikiso zangaphandle.

Ndibone ukuseta apho iQoS (uMgangatho weNkonzo) kwi-WAN ibeka phambili i-traffic-thi, kwiifowuni zeZoom ngaphezulu kokukhutshelwa. Ngokhetho lofihlo kunye nokuhanjiswa kwezibuko, yindlu yamandla yokuthembeka kunye nokusebenza, ukudibanisa inethiwekhi yakho yangaphakathi kwiwebhu yasendle.

Ukuqonda amazibuko e-LAN

A. Inkcazo kunye nokusebenza

Izibuko le-LAN-izibuko leNgingqi yeNgingqi yeNgingqi yeNgingqi-ligorha elingachazwanga lenethiwekhi yakho. Ifunyenwe kwi-router yakho okanye itshintshe, idibanisa izixhobo ezinjengeekhompyuter, iiprinta, kunye nezixhobo zokudlala ngaphakathi kwendawo evaliweyo, njengekhaya lakho okanye iofisi. Ngokungafaniyo ne-WAN port ethetha ne-intanethi, i-port ye-LAN igcina izinto zasekhaya, ivumela ukuhanjiswa kwedatha ngentambo phakathi kwegiya yakho. Ngumqolo wenethiwekhi yakho yangaphakathi, eqinisekisa unxibelelwano olukhawulezayo ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kwi-ISP whims. Nokuba luqhagamshelo lwegigabit okanye ikhonkco le-ethernet elisisiseko, eli zibuko libophelela izixhobo zakho kunye ngaphandle komthungo.

B. Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kweePorts ze-LAN

Ilungele ntoni? Ininzi! Nantsi into endiyibonileyo ekusebenzeni:

Ukwakha inethiwekhi yasekhaya yokwabelana ngeefayile okanye ukusasaza kwi-smart TV.

Ukudibanisa indawo yofikelelo okanye isixokelelwano somnatha wokufikelela kwi-Wi-Fi engcono.

Ukuqhagamshela iseva okanye umshicileli kwiofisi yokwabelana ngobutyebi.

Ndixhume i-PS5 yam kwizibuko le-LAN ukuze ndifumane i-latency ephantsi ngexesha lokudlala kwi-intanethi-ibethi ezingenazingcingo ngalo lonke ixesha. Ikwalungele ukuseta kweVLAN ukuba wahlula uthungelwano, njengokugcina izixhobo zeendwendwe zahlukile kwisixhobo sakho esiphambili.

C. Iimpawu zobuGcisa

Ubuchwephesha bobulumko, amazibuko e-LAN apakisha amaqhinga acocekileyo:

Idilesi ye-IP yabucala nge-DHCP: Inika iidilesi ezifana ne-192.168.xx kwizixhobo zakho.

Izantya zeGigabit okanye i-multigig: Iphatha i-bandwidth ephezulu yokudluliselwa ngokukhawuleza.

Ukutshintsha: Uhambisa iindlela ngokufanelekileyo phakathi kwezixhobo ezidityanisiweyo.

Ukusuka ekubambeni kwam, ndiye ndaqaphela izibuko ze-LAN zihlala zixhasa i-QoS ukuba ibeke phambili, yithi, ilaptop yomsebenzi ngaphezulu kwefriji ehlakaniphile. Baphantsi kwiinkxalabo zokhuseleko kuba abavezwanga kwi-intanethi, oko kubenza bathembeke kwi-scalability-yongeza nje i-hub okanye ibhulorho ukuba uphelelwe kwiindawo zokubeka. Ilula, yomelele, kwaye iyimfuneko.

I-WAN Port vs LAN Port: Iiyantlukwano eziphambili

A. Ububanzi boNxibelelwano lweNethiwekhi

Izibuko le-WAN kunye ne-LAN port ayinakwahluka ngakumbi xa ifika ekufikeleleni. Izibuko le-WAN lidibanisa i-router yakho kwi-intanethi, ithatha inethiwekhi yendawo ebanzi-cinga izixeko okanye amazwe. Likhonkco lakho kwi-ISP, ephethe itrafikhi yothungelwano lwangaphandle kwiindawo ezinkulu zejografi. Ngeli xesha, izibuko le-LAN lihlala kufutshane nekhaya, libopha kunye nenethiwekhi yendawo yakho yendawo. Sithetha ngezixhobo kwiofisi yakho okanye kwigumbi lokuhlala—ikhompyuter, abashicileli, okanye iseva, zonke zikuluhlu olufutshane. Ndimise amanethiwekhi apho i-WAN ifikelela kwihlabathi, kodwa i-LAN igcina izixhobo zam zincokola kwisakhiwo esinye.

B. Uhlobo loQhagamshelwano kunye neNjongo

Ngobulumko, bahamba ubusuku nemini. Izibuko leWAN liplaga kwimodem—ingaba yifiber optic, DSL, okanye imodem yentambo—ukulanda i-intanethi kwi-ISP yakho. Yakhelwe ukuqukuqela phezulu nasezantsi, ilungele ukufikelela kwilifu okanye umsebenzi okude. Izibuko le-LAN, nangona kunjalo? Leyo yinto yenethiwekhi yangaphakathi. Idibanisa utshintsho lwakho, indawo yofikelelo, okanye inkqubo yemesh ukwabelana ngezixhobo ezifana neefayile okanye umshicileli. Xa ndandifakela intambo ekhayeni lam, iWAN yafumana i-ethernet kwimodem, ngelixa izibuko zeLAN zondla iTV yam kunye nelaptop.

C. Ulawulo lweedilesi ze-IP

Ukuphathwa kwe-IP kolunye ulwahlulo. Izibuko le-WAN libamba i-IP yoluntu kwi-ISP yakho, yenza inethiwekhi yakho ibonakale kwi-intanethi. Isebenzisa i-NAT ukufihla ii-IP zakho zabucala emva kwaloo dilesi enye. Izibuko ze-LAN, kwicala le-flip, dish ii-IP zangasese nge-DHCP-cinga 192.168.xx-kwizixhobo zakho. Oku kugcina inethiwekhi yakho yangaphakathi ingekho kwirada yoluntu. Ndiye ndalungisa ii-subnets kwi-LAN ukunqanda ukungqubana, ngelixa i-WAN ithatha nje into enikezwa yi-ISP.

D. Uqwalaselo lwesantya kunye nobubanzi bomthamo

Isantya siyinto enkulu. Izibuko ze-WAN zivala kwi-bandwidth ye-ISP yakho-yithi, 100 Mbps ukuba sisicwangciso sakho eso. Ukubambezeleka kunokungena kwimigama emide, nayo. Kodwa izibuko ze-LAN? Zizilo, zihlala zibetha isantya segigabit okanye i-multigig kuqhagamshelwano olunentambo. Ndibone iifayile ze-zip ze-LAN phakathi kweePC kwi-1 Gbps, ngelixa i-WAN ichubeka kuyo nayiphi na into evumela umgca wefiber optic. I-QoS inokunceda ukubeka phambili i-traffic kuyo nayiphi na, kodwa i-LAN iyaphumelela ekusebenzeni okukrwada.

E. Iimpawu zoKhuseleko

Ukhuseleko kulapho baphinda bahlukana khona. Izibuko le-WAN lijongene ne-intanethi yasendle, ke ngoko yoyame kwi-firewall, uguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo, kunye nokuhanjiswa kwezibuko ukuthintela izoyikiso. Ibhengeziwe, ifuna ukuthembeka. Izibuko le-LAN, elifakwe kuthungelwano lwasekhaya, likhuselekile—isidingo esincinci sobuqinisekiso obunzima. Ndivale i-WAN nge-VPN yomsebenzi, kodwa i-LAN iyancwina nje, ndithembe ukutshintshela kwam kunye nezixhobo. Ngokudibeneyo, balinganisela unxibelelwano kunye nokhuseleko.

Indlela i-WAN kunye ne-LAN Ports ziSebenza ngayo kunye

A. Indima kumzila

Umzila wakho wengqondo, kwaye i-WAN kunye ne-LAN izibuko ziyi-duo yayo eguqukayo. Izibuko le-WAN liqhagamshela kwimodem, itsalela i-intanethi kwi-ISP yakho—lisango lokufikelela kwinethiwekhi yangaphandle. Emva koko, izibuko ze-LAN zithatha indawo, zisasaza olo qhagamshelo kwizixhobo zakho ezinjengeelaptops, abashicileli, okanye iswitshi. Lo mfanekiso: ugqithiso lwedatha luphuma kwi-WAN (ilizwe langaphandle) ukuya kwi-LAN (inethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya). Ndiye ndamisa eninzi imizila apho WAN ibambe IP yoluntu, kunye LAN izitya ngaphandle IPs yabucala ukugcina yonke into ivungama.

B. Uqwalaselo Basics

Ukuzimisela akuyonzululwazi ye-rocket. Kwizibuko le-WAN, uplaga i-ethernet esuka kwimodem yakho—mhlawumbi i-fiber optic okanye umgca we-DSL—kwaye ungenise iinkcukacha zakho ze-ISP ukuba ziyafuneka. Inokusebenzisa i-NAT okanye useto lokhuseleko lokhuseleko. Amazibuko e-LAN alula: anika ngokuzenzekelayo iidilesi ze-IP nge-DHCP kwinethiwekhi yakho yangaphakathi. Unokwenza i-subnet okanye wenze i-QoS ibeke phambili i-bandwidth-yithi, kumdlalo wokukhuphela. Ndiphazanyiswe zezi setingi ukunyusa ukusebenza, kwaye kudla ngocofa nje okumbalwa kwisoftware yomzila.

C. Umzekelo weLizwe lokwenyani

Nantsi indlela edlala ngayo: Ekhaya, imodem yam iqhagamshela kwizibuko leWAN kwirutha yam. Ukusuka apho, iizibuko ze-LAN zondla uqhagamshelo olunentambo kwiPC yam kunye nomabonwakude, ngelixa iWi-Fi ibamba ifowuni yam. I-WAN ilawula i-traffic ephezulu kunye nezantsi ukusuka kwi-ISP, kwaye i-LAN igcina unxibelelwano lwendawo ngokukhawuleza-cinga ngesantya segigabit. Ngumzamo weqela: i-WAN yokufikelela, i-LAN yokuthembeka. Nokuba zii-backups zelifu okanye ukwabelana ngefayile, bayigubungele.

Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-WAN kunye ne-LAN Ports

A. Ukusetyenziswa nini i-WAN Port

Izibuko le-WAN yindlela yakho yokuya xa ufuna i-intanethi kwilizwe langaphandle. Yiqhoboshele kwimodem yakho—nokuba yifiber optic, DSL, okanye imodem yentambo—ukuze uqhagamshelane ne-ISP yakho. Ilungele:

Ukufumana ibroadband kwinethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya.

Ukuseta i-VPN yokufikelela ngokukhuselekileyo kude.

Ukudibanisa kwiinkonzo zefu okanye inethiwekhi yangaphandle.

Ndiyisebenzisile ukuhaga umzila wam kumgca we-ISP yam, ndiphethe i-traffic enyukayo kunye nesezantsi njenge-champ. Yibhulorho yakho kwinethiwekhi yendawo ebanzi, ke ukuba uqhagamshelo ngaphaya kweendonga zakho lunjongo, yi-WAN yokukhetha kwakho.

Izibuko le-LAN likhanya kwimisebenzi yenethiwekhi yangaphakathi. Yinto oyisebenzisayo ukufaka iintambo izixhobo ezinjengeePC, iiprinta, okanye iswitshi ngaphakathi kwendawo yakho. Nantsi apho ingena khona:

Ukwakha inethiwekhi yendawo yendawo yokwabelana ngefayile.

Ukuqhagamshela indawo yofikelelo okanye i-mesh ye-Wi-Fi engcono.

Ukudibanisa i-rig yokudlala ngesantya segigabit kunye ne-latency ephantsi.

Ndiqhube i-ethernet ukusuka kwizibuko le-LAN ukuya kumabonwakude wam ukuze ndisasazeke ngaphandle kwe-lag-ibetha izandla ezingenazingcingo phantsi. Imalunga nonxibelelwano olukhawulezayo, oluthembekileyo kuluhlu oluxineneyo.

Akunjalo, kodwa kukho i-caveat. Uninzi lwee-routers zivala i-WAN kunye ne-LAN izibuko kwiindima zabo-WAN ye-ISP, i-LAN yezixhobo. Ezinye iimodeli ezintle zikuvumela ukuba unike kwakhona amazibuko, njengokujika iLAN ibe yiWAN yemodem yesibini. Ndikubonile oku kuseto lweshishini, kodwa kusetyenziso lwasekhaya, kunqabile. Namathela kumandla abo: I-WAN ye-IP yoluntu kunye ne-bandwidth evela ngaphandle, i-LAN ye-IP yangasese kunye nokusebenza kwendawo. Ukuzixuba ngokuqhelekileyo kubhidekisa nje inethiwekhi.

IiPros and Cons of IP67 kunye ne IP68

A. Iingxaki zePort zeWAN eziqhelekileyo

Xa izibuko lakho le-WAN lisebenza, ihlala iyindlela yokuphila ye-intanethi ebethwayo. Izinto endiye ndadibana nazo ziquka:

Uqhagamshelo luyehla-i-ISP yakho inokuba iphantsi okanye imodem ayinalitheko.

Isantya esicothayo-i-blame bandwidth caps okanye i-latency evela kumgca we-dodgy fiber optic.

Iintloko eziphindwe kabini ze-NAT-ii-routers ezimbini zisilwa ngemisebenzi yoluntu ye-IP.

Ngesinye isihlandlo, i-WAN yam yayingazukuqhagamshelwa kuba i-ethernet esuka kwimodem yentambo yayikhululekile. Lisango kwinethiwekhi yendawo ebanzi, ke xa isilela, unqunyulwe kwilifu okanye ukufikelela kude.

B. Iingxaki zePort LAN eziqhelekileyo

Izibuko le-LAN yehashe isiphithiphithi kunye nenethiwekhi yakho yangaphakathi. Nantsi into endiyibonileyo:

Izixhobo azibonisi-impazamo yokutshintsha okanye uqhagamshelo lwe hub.

Izantya zegigabit ezicothayo-iintambo ezimbi ezinentambo okanye ukuphazamiseka.

Iingxabano ze-IP-iigajethi ezimbini zibamba i-IP efanayo yabucala nge-DHCP.

Bendinomshicileli wowisa i-LAN yam kuba i-ethernet ibifakwe phakathi. Lihashe lomsebenzi womnatha wengingqi yakho, ke xa ikhubekile, ukwabelana ngeefayile okanye ukubetha indawo yofikelelo iba dicey.

Ukulungisa ezi akukho nzima kakhulu. Ye-WAN:

Qalisa kwakhona imodem kunye ne-router-ukusetha kwakhona ukuhamba okunyukayo / okusezantsi.

Jonga ubume be-ISP okanye lungisa izicwangciso zeNAT kwifirewall.

Ye-LAN:

Tshintsha intambo ye-ethernet—ulungiso olufikelelekayo kwiidiphu zokusebenza.

Qalisa kwakhona i-router okanye ulungise i-QoS ukubeka phambili i-traffic.