I-PC yeRackmount
Embedded Computing
Ipaneli yePC yoShishino
I-PC yodonga
Amacwecwe aMagingxigingxi
ILaptop eRhagedle
IiKhompyutha eziphathwayo zoShishino
I-Handheld Emagingxigingxi
I-Advantech Industrial PC
Ibhlog
Yintoni ikhadi lojongano lwenethiwekhi kwaye lenza ntoni ikhadi lenethiwekhi?
Ikhadi lojongano lwenethiwekhi (NIC) likwaziwa njengeadaptha yenethiwekhi okanye iadaptha yeLAN. Iyinxalenye ephambili yekhompyuter yakho eyivumela ukuba iqhagamshele kwezinye izixhobo kunye neenethiwekhi. Eli khadi linceda ukuthumela idatha kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zenethiwekhi, njenge-Ethernet okanye iWi-Fi.
Yonke i-NIC inedilesi yayo ekhethekileyo ye-MAC. Oku kwenza kube lula ukulawula inethiwekhi yakho. Ukwazi ukuba isebenza njani i-NIC kubalulekile ekusebenzeni ngcono kwenethiwekhi kunye noqhagamshelwano oluthembekileyo.
Isiqulatho
- 1. Iindidi zeeKhadi zeNxibelelwano zeNethiwekhi
- 2. Imisebenzi engundoqo ye-NIC
- 3. Amacandelo aphambili eKhadi leNdibaniselwano yeNethiwekhi
- 4. Isebenza njani i-NIC
- 5. Izinto eziluncedo zokuSebenzisa iKhadi leNxibelelwano yeNethiwekhi
- 6. Ufakelo kunye noLungiselelo lwe-NIC
- 7. Ungayikhetha njani i-NIC eLungileyo
- 8. Imiba yoKhuseleko yee-NICs
- 9. IiNdlela zexesha elizayo kwiiKhadi zeNdibaniselwano yeNethiwekhi
Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha
·Aikhadi lojongano lwenethiwekhiibalulekile ekudibaniseni izixhobo kuthungelwano.
·Ii-NICs zisebenza ngeeprothokholi ezinengcingo kunye nezingenazingcingo.
·I-NIC nganye inedilesi ye-MAC ekhethekileyo yokuchongwa.
·Iiadaptha ze-LAN zenza ukuhanjiswa kwedatha okusebenzayo kunye nolawulo lwenethiwekhi.
·Ukuqonda ii-NICs kunokuphucula ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi ngokubanzi.
Iintlobo zeeKhadi zeNdibaniselwano yeNethiwekhi
Amakhadi ojongano lwenethiwekhi angundoqo ekudibaniseni izixhobo kuthungelwano. Ziza kwiindidi ezimbini eziphambili: i-wireless kunye ne-wireless. Uhlobo ngalunye luhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo ngokusekelwe ekusebenzeni, uluhlu, kunye nokusingqongileyo kwenethiwekhi.
Amakhadi oNxibelelwano lweNethiwekhi eneNxibelelwano
Amakhadi ojongano lwenethiwekhi enentambo, akwaziwa ngokuba ngamakhadi e-ethernet, asebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-Ethernet yoqhagamshelwano. Ziqhelekile kwiikhompyuter zedesktop kunye neeseva. La makhadi ayaziwa ngesantya kunye nokuthembeka.
IiNIC ezineentambo zihlala zilukhetho xa kukhawuleza, uqhagamshelwano olungaguqukiyo luyafuneka. Balandela ezahlukeneyoImigangatho ye-NIC, ukuqinisekisa ukuba basebenza kakuhle ngee-hardware ezahlukeneyo.
Amakhadi oNxibelelwano lweNethiwekhi engenazingcingo
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amakhadi ojongano lwenethiwekhi engenazingcingo, okanye ii-NICs ezingenazingcingo, ziqhagamshela izixhobo kwiinethiwekhi ngamaza erediyo. Oku kubenza balungele iilaptops, iitafile kunye nee-smartphones. Banikezela ukuhamba ngakumbi kunye nokuguquguquka.
Ii-NIC ezingenazingcingo zilandela ngokuthe ngqoImigangatho ye-NICkwaye ziyahluka kuluhlu kunye nesantya. Ukhetho phakathi kweikhadi le-ethernetkunye aI-NIC engenazingcingoixhomekeke kwiimfuno zomsebenzisi kunye nokusingqongileyo kwenethiwekhi.
Imisebenzi engundoqo ye-NIC
| Umsebenzi | Inkcazo |
| Uguqulo lwedatha | Iguqula idata kwifomathi yesixhobo yosasazo lwenethiwekhi. |
| Ulawulo lwePakethi | Ulungelelanisa idatha kwiipakethi zokuthunyelwa nokufumana ngokufanelekileyo. |
| Ukuthobela iProtocol | UyalandelaIiprothokholi zenethiwekhinjenge-TCP/IP yonxibelelwano olusemgangathweni. |
| Ujongo lwemposiso | Iqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwedatha ngexeshaUkuhanjiswa kwedatha ye-NICukuphepha ilahleko. |
Amacandelo aphambili eKhadi leNdibaniselwano yeNethiwekhi
Ikhadi lojongano lwenethiwekhi eqhelekileyo (NIC) inamalungu amaninzi abalulekileyo. EziAmacandelo e-NICsincede siqonde kwaye silungise imiba yenethiwekhi. Bakwanceda ukuphucula indlela umsebenzi womnatha osebenza ngayo.
Eyonaitshiphu yojongano lwenethiwekhiisembindini we-NIC. Iphatha iipakethi zedatha kwaye ithethe kwinkqubo yokusebenza yekhompyuter. Le chip ingundoqo kwindlela inethiwekhi ekhawuleza ngayo kwaye isebenza kakuhle.
IUyilo lwe-NICikwabandakanya i-firmware. Le software iqinisekisa ukuba ihardware isebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Iphatha ukuthumela idatha kunye nokulungiswa kweempazamo.
Imemori ibalulekile ekugcineni iipakethi zedatha ngokufutshane. Oku kunceda ekuqhubeni nasekuthumeleni okanye ekufumaneni idatha. Yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeubume behardware yojongano lwenethiwekhi.
Yonke i-NIC inedilesi ekhethekileyo ye-MAC. Le dilesi inceda ukuyichonga kwinethiwekhi. Kubalulekile ukuba idatha ifike kwindawo eyiyo.
Iziqhagamshelo ezifana nezibuko ze-Ethernet okanye ii-eriyali ezingenazingcingo ziqhagamshela i-NIC kwinethiwekhi. Ukwazi malunga nolu nxibelelwano ngundoqo ekulawuleni inethiwekhi kakuhle.
Lenza ntoni iKhadi leNethiwekhi?
I-Network Interface Cards (NICs) zingundoqo kunxibelelwano lwedatha kwiinethiwekhi. Baphatha inkqubo yedatha ye-NIC ukuthumela idatha ngokufanelekileyo. Le nkqubo intsonkothile, ibandakanya amanyathelo aliqela.
Okokuqala, i-NIC isonga idatha engenayo kwizakhelo. Eli nyathelo, elibizwa ngokuba yi-data encapsulation, yongeza idilesi ye-MAC yendawo yokufikela kwisakhelo ngasinye. Kubalulekile ukuba idatha ifike kwindawo yayo eyiyo.
Emva kokwenza isakhelo, i-NIC ilawula idilesi yedatha kunye nokuthunyelwa. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba iipakethi zedatha zithunyelwa ngokuchanekileyo. Kuko konke malunga nokuqinisekisa ukuba idatha ifika kwindawo eyiyo.
Ii-NICs zidlala indima enkulu ekusebenzeni kwenethiwekhi. Ukwazi ukuba basebenza njani kunceda ukuphucula ukuhamba kwedatha.
Izinto eziluncedo zokuSebenzisa iKhadi yesiNxulumanisi seNethiwekhi
Ukufakelwa kunye noLungiso lwe-NIC
Inyathelo lokuqala lokufaka i-NIC kukuyifaka ngokwasemzimbeni kwindawo yokwandisa ikhompyutha. Qinisekisa ukuba ikhompyutha icinyiwe ukuthintela umonakalo. Emva kokufaka i-hardware, qhagamshela i-NIC kwinethiwekhi ukuqala unxibelelwano.
Okulandelayo, misela ujongano lwenethiwekhi. Oku kubandakanya ukufakela abaqhubi ukuze inkqubo yokusebenza ikwazi ukuqaphela i-NIC. Uninzi lwee-NICs ziza nediski yokufakela okanye abaqhubi abakhoyo kwiwebhusayithi yomenzi. Landela imiyalelo ngononophelo ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana.
Emva kokufaka abaqhubi, cwangcisa izicwangciso zenethiwekhi. Oku kuquka ukunika iidilesi ze-IP kunye ne-subnet imaski kwi-NIC. Unako kwakhona ukwenza isabelo esiguqukayo se-IP nge-DHCP kulawulo olulula. Jonga iIsikhokelo sokuseta i-NICngeenkcukacha ezithile zesixhobo sakho.
·Yicime kwaye ukhuphe ikhompyuter phambi kokufakwa.
·Faka i-NIC kwindawo yokwandisa echanekileyo.
·Qhagamshela i-NIC kwinethiwekhi usebenzisa intambo ye-Ethernet.
·Faka abaqhubi abayimfuneko kwi-NIC yakho.
·Qwalasela useto lwenethiwekhi, kuquka iidilesi zeIP.
Esi sikhokelo sesinyathelo ngesinyathelo senza ukuseta i-NIC lula kwaye iqinisekisa uxhulumaniso oluthembekileyo lwenethiwekhi. Ulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo lunyusa ukusebenza kunye nokuzinza kwinethiwekhi yakho.
| Inyathelo | Inkcazo | Isiphumo |
| 1 | Cima kwaye ukhuphe ikhompyuter. | Ukhuseleko luqinisekisiwe ngexesha lofakelo. |
| 2 | Faka i-NIC kwindawo yokwandisa. | Ufakelo lwasemzimbeni lugqityiwe. |
| 3 | Qhagamshela i-NIC kwinethiwekhi. | Ufikelelo lwenethiwekhi lulungisiwe. |
| 4 | Faka abaqhubi. | I-NIC yamkelwa yinkqubo yokusebenza. |
| 5 | Qwalasela useto lwenethiwekhi. | Unxibelelwano olusebenzayo lusekiwe. |
Ungayikhetha njani iNIC eLungileyo?
Xa ukhetha i-NIC yenkqubo yakho, kubalulekile ukujonga izinto ezininzi. Okokuqala, khangela ukuba i-NIC isebenza kakuhle nge-hardware yakho yangoku. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba iyahambelana nebhodi yakho yomama kunye nezinye izixhobo ngaphandle kwemiba.
Cinga malunga nento oyifunayo kwinethiwekhi yakho. Ukuba usasaza iividiyo okanye udlala imidlalo, uya kufuna i-NIC enokuphatha idatha eninzi. Jonga iimethrikhi zokusebenza ze-NIC ezifana nokuba inokukhawuleza kangakanani ukuthumela idatha kunye nokuba iphendula ngokukhawuleza kangakanani.
Kwakhona, qwalasela iimpawu ezongezelelweyo njengenkxaso yemigangatho emitsha yothungelwano kunye neempawu zokhuseleko. Qinisekisa ukuba i-NIC isebenza kakuhle ngesixokelelwano sakho sokusebenza kunye noseto lwenethiwekhi. Oku kubandakanya iirotha kunye nokutshintsha. Kubalulekile ukuba yonke into isebenze kakuhle kunye.
| Uphawu | Ukubaluleka | Iingqwalasela |
| Ukuhambelana kweNethiwekhi | Kubalulekile ukudibanisa | Jonga inkxaso yezixhobo ezikhoyo |
| Ubungakanani bomthamo | Ichaphazela isantya ngokuthe ngqo | Vavanya iimfuno ezisekelwe kusetyenziso |
| Inkxaso yeProtocol ekwinqanaba eliphezulu | Ukuphucula ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko | Khangela imigangatho yangoku |
| Ukuhambelana kweNkqubo yokuSebenza | Iqinisekisa ukusebenza okuchanekileyo | Qinisekisa ukufumaneka komqhubi |
Ngokucinga ngala manqaku kwaye ujonge into ekhoyo, ungakhetha i-NIC efanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho.
Imiba yoKhuseleko yee-NICs
IiNdlela zexesha elizayo zeeKhadi zeNdibaniselwano yeNethiwekhi
Ukuqukumbela
LET'S TALK ABOUT YOUR PROJECTS
- sinsmarttech@gmail.com
-
3F, Block A, Future Research & Innovation Park, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
Our experts will solve them in no time.