I-NFC vs RFID: Umhlahlandlela Wobungane Wokuhluka Kwezobuchwepheshe Okungenantambo

Isingeniso: Kungani i-NFC ne-RFID Zibalulekile Namuhla

A. Ukuphakama Kwezimanga Ezingenantambo

Sisenkathini lapho ubuchwepheshe obungenawaya bungebuhle nje ukuba nabo—bubalulekile. Cabanga ngezwe lapho idatha ingena khona ngaphandle kwezintambo, ngenxa yamaza omsakazo. Kulapho i-Near Field Communication (NFC) kanye ne-Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) zingenela khona, izinsimbi ezimbili ezisindayo kugeyimu yezixazululo zokungathinteki. Kusukela ekuthepheni ifoni ukuze uthole izinkokhelo ze-NFC ukuya ekulandeleleni ukuthunyelwa ngobuchwepheshe be-RFID, lawa mathuluzi abumba kabusha ngokuthula ukuthi amabhizinisi nabantu baxhuma kanjani. Abawona ama-futuristic hype—akhona, okwenza izinqubo zibe bushelelezi futhi zisheshe nsuku zonke.

B. Uthini Umbuzo Omkhulu?

Manje kungani simba ku-NFC vs RFID? Kulula: abantu badinga ukwazi ukuthi yini ebahlukanisayo. Zombili zincike ekuxhumaneni okungenantambo ukuze zihambise ulwazi, kodwa zakhelwe imisebenzi ehlukene. Ubuchwepheshe be-NFC buyachuma eduze—cabanga ukuthi kuphephile, ukuthengiselana komuntu siqu—kuyilapho i-RFID inweba ukuze kulandelelwe umkhondo webanga elide. Ochwepheshe kwezokuthutha bangase bancike kwizicelo ze-RFID zokuphathwa kwempahla, kuyilapho abathengisi bethinta i-NFC ukuze bathole izinzuzo ezibhekene namakhasimende. Ukudideka kungokoqobo, futhi ukukhetha okulungile kungenza noma kuphule isu lakho. Yingakho lo mbuzo uqhubeka uvela—futhi kungani kufanele uphendulwe.

C. Ozokuthola Kulesi sihloko

Nali icebo: sizokhipha i-NFC ne-RFID ngendlela ecacile nesebenzayo. Uzothola isifinyezo sokuthi ukuxhumana kwebanga elifushane (sawubona, NFC) kunqwabelana kanjani kugeyimu yebanga ye-RFID, kanye nokusetshenziswa komhlaba wangempela nokukhetha okuhlakaniphile kwezidingo zakho. Noma ngabe ulungiselela uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka noma ubheke okwenziwayo okuvikelekile, uzohamba wazi ukuthi ibuphi ubuchwepheshe obungenantambo obulingana. Ake sicwilise futhi sikulungise ndawonye.

I-RFID Eyembuliwe: I-Long-Range Tracker

A. Imayelana nani i-RFID?

Masikhulume I-Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)—itshe legumbi lobuchwepheshe obungenawaya obumayelana nokubona nokulandelela izinto kalula. Enhliziyweni yabo, ubuchwepheshe be-RFID busebenzisa amaza omsakazo ukuxhuma omaka be-RFID—ama-chips amancane owanamathela ezintweni—nabafundi be-RFID abathatha amasignali abo. Unamathegi asetshenziswayo, anikwa amandla ngumfundi, ukugcina izindleko ziphansi, nomaka abasebenzayo, abashayelwa ibhethri ukuze bafinyeleleke kakhulu. Ukusethwa okungenangqondo osekunikeze amabhizinisi amandla buthule iminyaka, kuletha ukucaca lapho kubaluleke khona.

B. Ikhanya Kanjani I-RFID

Yini eyenza i-RFID igqame? Yinkosi yokulandela umkhondo webanga elide. Kuye nge-frequency-low frequency (LF) ku-125-134 kHz emsebenzini oseduze, i-high frequency (HF) ku-13.56 MHz ebangeni eliphakathi, noma i-ultra-high frequency (UHF) ku-860-960 MHz ngebanga elinzima-ingakwazi ukuhamba ngamamitha ambalwa ukuya ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-100. Ukugeleza kuyindlela eyodwa: omaka bathumela idatha, abafundi bayayibamba, akukho ukubuyela emuva naphambili. Lokho kulungele ukuskena inqwaba—cabanga ukuskena ukulayisha iloli ngephasi eyodwa. Ochwepheshe bonga isikhathi abafunga ngakho ukugcina ukusebenza kuqinile.

C. Lapho Uzothola I-RFID

Uzothola izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-RFID yonke indawo emhlabeni webhizinisi. Ekuphathweni kwe-inventory, yindlela abathengisi abagcina ngayo amashalofu egcwele futhi abalwe ngayo. Ngomsebenzi we-supply chain, ilandelela izimpahla kuwo wonke amazwekazi-cabanga ngamaphalethi noma amakhreyithi. Izindlu ezigcina impahla zithembele kuyo ukuze zilandelele impahla, kuyilapho abaphathi bezindlu bethola amandla ngezibuyekezo zesikhathi sangempela. Ngale kwalokho? Izindawo zokukhokha, amathegi emfuyo, ngisho nokusebenza kahle kwezinto ekuthuthweni kwemikhumbi. Ochwepheshe bomgogodla abancike ekusikeni udoti nokuthuthukisa ukubonakala.

I-NFC Yachaza: Isixhumi Esiseduze

A. Hlangana ne-NFC: Inkanyezi Yenkundla Eseduze

Ithi sawubona ku-Near Field Communication (NFC)—ubuchwepheshe obungenantambo obuphathelene nokugcina izinto ziseduze futhi zomuntu siqu. Yakhelwe kumagagasi omsakazo endaweni ezinzile engu-13.56 MHz (leyo indawo eyi-high frequency (HF)), ubuchwepheshe be-NFC buyigatsha le-RFID kodwa elinevayibhu yayo. Inabadlali ababili ababalulekile: isiqalisi—njengefoni yakho noma isifundi—kanye nethagethi, okungaba omaka be-NFC, amakhadi, noma enye idivayisi. Kucabange njengokuxhawula ngokushesha okusebenza kuphela uma uthintana. Kumabhizinisi kanye nabasebenzisi bansuku zonke, kuyindlela evikelekile, engenangxabano yokuxhuma.

B. Yini eyenza i-NFC Ikhetheke

Yini umlingo we-NFC? Konke kumayelana nokuxhumana kwebanga elifushane—sikhuluma ngokufinyelela okuncane okungamasentimitha angu-0-10 nje. Lokho kusondela akulona iphutha; kuyisici. Ngokungafani nokulandelelwa kwe-RFID okude, i-NFC iyachuma ekuvikelekeni okuseduze, okwenza kube nzima kunoma ubani ukuthi acuphe ekude. Futhi, indlela enezindlela ezimbili: amadivayisi angakwazi ukuxoxa emuva naphambili, hhayi nje ukumemeza ngendlela eyodwa njengamathegi e-RFID. Lokho kuvula izindlela ezinhle—ukwabelana ngedatha kontanga kuya kontanga, ukulingisa amakhadi (cabanga ngamakhadi okukhokha), noma ulwazi lokufunda/lokubhala. Ihamba kancane kune-RFID yezikena ezinkulu kodwa ipakisha i-punch eyengeziwe yokushintshaniswa okuningiliziwe, kufika kumabhayithi angu-8,192. Kochwepheshe, iyindawo enamandla yedatha evikelekile.

C. NFC empilweni yakho yansuku zonke

Ngabe i-NFC ivela kuphi? Yonke indawo udinga izixazululo ngaphandle kokuthinta. Iwubuchwepheshe obusekela izinkokhelo zeselula—thepha ifoni yakho lapho ukhokha ngamafoni anikwe amandla yi-NFC (cabanga nge-Apple Pay noma i-Google Pay), usuqedile. Kukhulu futhi ekulawuleni ukufinyelela—ukuswayiphela emahhovisi noma emahhotela ngekhadi noma idivayisi. Wake wabhangqa ama-headphones ngokuthepha? Lokho ukumataniswa kwedivayisi ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-NFC. Noma thwebula amaphosta ahlakaniphile—thepha ukuze uthole ikhuphoni noma imininingwane yomcimbi. Abathengisi bayisebenzisela ukusebenzelana kwamakhasimende, kuyilapho ukuhanjiswa kungase kuncike kuyo ukuze bathole amasistimu okuqinisekisa. Ukuthepha okuncane okugcina ukusebenzisana komuntu siqu kuhle futhi kuphephile.

I-NFC vs RFID: Ukudiliza Umehluko Omkhulu

A. Ububanzi: Bangafinyelela Kude Kangakanani?

Ake siqale ngokusobala: ububanzi. Ubuchwepheshe be-RFID bungumgijimi wemarathon lapha, ohamba phambili ekulandeleleni ibanga elide. Nge-ultra-high frequency (UHF), i-RFID inganwebeka ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-100—ilungele ukuphathwa kwempahla noma imisebenzi yokuthengwa kwempahla. Ngisho naku-low frequency (LF) noma i-high frequency (HF), ishaya amamitha kalula. Khonamanjalo, ubuchwepheshe be-NFC—noma I-Near Field Communication—iwumgijimi, onamathela ekuxhumaneni kwebanga elifushane ngaphakathi kwamasentimitha angu-0-10. Lolo bubanzi obuqinile be-RFID ngokumelene negebe le-NFC alilona iphutha; kungamabomu, ukubeka phambili ukuphepha okusondelene nebanga.

B. Izitayela Zokukhuluma: Indlela Eyodwa Noma Indlela Embili?

Okulandelayo: baxoxa kanjani. I-RFID ikugcina kulula ngokuxhumana kwendlela eyodwa—amathegi e-RFID athumela idatha, abafundi be-RFID bayayibamba, yenziwe. Kungakho kuyingcweti ekuskeneni ngenqwaba, njengokugcwalisa ukuthunyelwa konke ngesikhathi esisodwa. I-NFC, nokho, ithanda ingxoxo. Ukuxhumana kwayo okubili kuvumela amadivayisi—njengamafoni anikwe amandla i-NFC—ukukhuluma emuva naphambili, ukusekela idatha yontanga kuya kontanga noma ukulingisa ikhadi. Ihamba kancane kodwa inothile, ilungele ukuthengiselana okuvikelekile ngokufundwa ngobuningi.

C. Imvamisa Yokuvala Ubuso

I-Frequency ingenye ukuhlukana. I-RFID idlala yonkana i-LF (125-134 kHz), i-HF (13.56 MHz), ne-UHF (860-960 MHz), ikunikeza ukuguquguquka kokulandelelwa kwempahla noma ukuphathwa kwempahla. I-NFC ikhiya ku-HF kuphela—13.56 MHz—iyibophela kumazinga e-NFC afana ne-ISO/IEC 14443. Lokho kugxila kugcina izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-NFC ziqinile futhi zivikelekile, kuyilapho amabhendi efrikhwensi e-RFID ebanzi efanela imisebenzi emikhulu, ehlukahlukene.

D. Isivinini kanye namaVibe wedatha

Ukuphathwa kwedatha? I-RFID iyashesha futhi ithambile—ilungele ama-ID alula ekusebenzeni kahle kwezinto, ikakhulukazi ngamathegi angenzi lutho. I-NFC ihamba kancane kodwa ithwala okwengeziwe—kufika ku-8,192 byte—ilungele izinkokhelo zeselula noma omaka abahlakaniphile. Kuncane mayelana nesivinini, okuningi mayelana nokujula kokuzibandakanya kwamakhasimende.

E. Ukwehliswa Kwezokuphepha

Ekugcineni, ukuphepha. Ibanga le-RFID le-RFID lingayishiya obala—cabanga amasistimu okulandelela adinga idatha eyengeziwe ebethelwe. Ukuvikeleka kwe-NFC kukhanya ngokusondelana kwayo—okunzima ukukunqanda ngamasentimitha ambalwa—okuyenza kube indawo yokulawula ukufinyelela noma ukukhokha ngaphandle kokuthinta. Zombili zingakhiya, kodwa i-NFC iwina ngokuthenjwa okwakhelwe ngaphakathi.

Lapho Zisebenza Kahle Kakhulu: Ukusetshenziswa Kwezwe Langempela

A. Amabala Amnandi e-RFID

Uma kukhulunywa nge-Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), cabanga kakhulu futhi ufinyelele kude. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-RFID zikhanya ekulandeleleni ibanga elide, okuyenza ibe yisisekelo semisebenzi ye-supply chain. Cabanga ngomkhiqizi olandelela amaphalethi ukusuka embonini kuya esitolo ngamathegi e-RFID—i-ultra-high frequency (UHF) ingashaya ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-100, alungele ukuphathwa kwempahla. Abathengisi bancike kuyo ukuze balawule uhlu lwempahla, baskena amagumbi amasheya ngokuphazima kweso ngokuskena ngobuningi. Ochwepheshe beLogistics bayisebenzisela ukulandelela impahla, njengokuqapha izimoto noma okokusebenza. Ngisho ne-niche isebenzisa—cabanga isikhathi somjaho noma iqoqo le-toll—bonisa ubuchwepheshe be-RFID buchuma lapho isikali nebanga libalulekile.

Izindawo Ezijabulisayo ze-B. NFC

Manje, I-Near Field Communication (NFC) imayelana nokusondelana. Izimo zokusebenzisa i-NFC zibusa ukuxhumana kwebanga elifushane, zihamba phambili ezixazululweni zokungathintwa njengezinkokhelo zeselula. Thepha ifoni yakho enikwe amandla i-NFC ekuphumeni—vikela okwenziwayo okwenziwa ngamasekhondi. Kungokwemvelo ukulawula ukufinyelela futhi—amahhotela, amahhovisi, noma imicimbi isebenzisa omaka be-NFC ukuze bangene. Bese kuba nokumataniswa kwedivayisi—thepha ukuze uxhume ama-headphone—noma amaphosta ahlakaniphile, lapho ukuthepha okusheshayo kubamba ikhuphoni. Ubuchwepheshe be-NFC bungobomuntu siqu, buvikelekile, futhi bakhelwe ukusebenzelana namakhasimende, okwenza kube ukuya kokusebenzelana komuntu nomuntu.

C. Ubani Osebenzisa Yini?

Nakhu lapho izimboni zihlukana khona:

Izinto zokuhamba:I-RFID ishayela kahle izinto, ilandelela ukuthunyelwa kumamayela amaningi; I-NFC iyangena kumasistimu okuqinisekisa, njengokuqinisekisa ukulethwa eduze.

Ukuthengisa:I-RFID ilawula ukuqapha isitoko—ukugcina amashalofu egcwele—kuyilapho i-NFC inika amandla amatheminali okukhokha kanye nezinzuzo zokwethembeka.

Ukukhiqiza:I-RFID ilandelela ukulandelela ngesikhathi sangempela kwezingxenye; I-NFC iqinisekisa ukufinyelela okuphephile emishinini.

Okwamabhizinisi, incane i-NFC uma iqhathaniswa ne-RFID nokuningi mayelana nokufanisa ithuluzi nomsebenzi. Ubuchwepheshe obungenantambo ebhizinisini busho ukukhetha izixazululo ze-RFID zevolumu nobubanzi, noma izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-NFC zokunemba nokwethenjwa.

Okuhle Nokungekuhle Kakhulu

A. I-RFID Iyawina

I-Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) iletha amandla amakhulu etafuleni. Ukulandelela kwayo ibanga elide—okungafika kumamitha ayi-100 nge-Ultra-high frequency (UHF)—kuyenza ibe yingqwele yokusebenza kwe-supply chain kanye nokuphathwa kwempahla. Ubuchwepheshe be-RFID buziphosela ukuskena kwenqwaba, okukuvumela ukuthi u-ID inqwaba yomaka be-RFID ngokushanela okukodwa—ilungele ukuphathwa kwempahla. Omaka bezindleko, abangenzi lutho bakugcina kuvumelana nesabelomali ekusetshenzisweni okukhulu, okunikeza amabhizinisi imbuyiselo eqinile ekulandeleleni impahla noma ukusebenza kahle kwezinto.

B. RFID Downsides

Kodwa akunasici. Lobo bubanzi be-RFID bungaba indawo ebuthakathaka yokuvikeleka—amasistimu okulandelela ebangeni kulula ukuwagenca ngaphandle kwedatha ebethelwe. Futhi, i-RFID inamathela olwazini oluyisisekelo—ilungile kuma-ID kodwa hhayi ekushintshaneni kwedatha okuyinkimbinkimbi. Ayiguquguquki kancane ekubandakanyeni kwamakhasimende, lapho ukuxhumana komuntu siqu kubalulekile.

C. NFC Iyawina

Shintshela ku-Near Field Communication (NFC), futhi uthola izinzuzo ezihlukile. Izinzuzo ze-NFC zincike ekuxhumaneni kwebanga elifushane—nje ngo-0-10 cm—okuthuthukisa ukuvikeleka kwe-NFC kwezinkokhelo ngaphandle kokuthinta nokulawula ukufinyelela. Isebenziseka kalula kwifoni—amafoni anikwe amandla yi-NFC aphatha izinkokhelo zeselula noma amadivaysi ahambisana kalula. Ubuchwepheshe be-NFC buphinde busekele ukuxhumana kwezindlela ezimbili, kukwenze kube kuhle kudatha yontanga kuya kontanga noma omaka abahlakaniphile, okunikeza ukuthengiselana okuphephile okucebile.

D. NFC Downsides

Ukubanjwa? Lobo bubanzi obuqinile bukhawulela i-NFC emisebenzini yangesikhathi esisodwa—akukho ukuskena kwenqwaba lapha. Omaka be-NFC babiza ngaphezu kokushibhile kwe-RFID, futhi ihamba kancane emisebenzini emikhulu, okunomthelela ekusebenzeni kahle kwezinto. Ithuluzi elinembayo, hhayi isidlali sevolumu.

Ukukhetha Ubuchwepheshe Bakho: I-NFC noma i-RFID?

A. Yini Ongacabanga Ngayo

Unquma phakathi kwe-Near Field Communication (NFC) kanye ne-Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)? Konke kumayelana nezidingo zakho. Ukukhetha i-NFC vs RFID kuqala ngezimfuneko zebanga—udinga ukulandelelwa kwebanga elide kokusebenza kochungechunge lokunikezela? Ubuchwepheshe be-RFID bukukhavelile. Ufuna ukuxhumana kwebanga elifushane ukuze uthole imisebenzi evikelekile? Ubuchwepheshe be-NFC buyisinqumo sakho. Isici sezidingo zokuphepha—Ukuphepha kwe-NFC kuyawina ukuze kulawuleke ukufinyelela, kuyilapho i-RFID idinga idatha ebethelwe ngebanga. Ubunkimbinkimbi bedatha bubalulekile—i-NFC isingatha idatha yontanga kuya kontanga, i-RFID inamathela kuma-ID alula. Ungakhohlwa isabelomali—amathegi angenzi lutho agcina i-RFID ishibhile, kodwa amathegi e-NFC abiza ngaphezulu.

B. Amabhizinisi Amancane vs Ama-Big Ops

Ubani osebenzisa ini? Ku-NFC yebhizinisi elincane, cabanga ukuthi izitolo noma amakhefi—izinkokhelo zeselula ngamafoni anikwe amandla i-NFC noma ukusebenzelana kwekhasimende okunamathegi ahlakaniphile kuyigolide. Ilungele ukukhokha ngaphandle kokuthinta noma ukumataniswa kwedivayisi ekuphumeni. Imisebenzi emikhulu—njenge-RFID kwezokuthutha—incike kuzicelo ze-RFID zokuphathwa kwempahla noma ukuphathwa kwempahla. Bona ngeso lengqondo umsabalalisi olandela umkhondo wempahla enqamula amamayela nge-ultra-high frequency (UHF). Ubuchwepheshe obungenantambo ebhizinisini buhlukana lapha: I-NFC yokuthintwa komuntu siqu, i-RFID yesikali.

C. Yini Okulandelayo Kulaba ababili

Uma ubheka phambili, amathrendi obuchwepheshe besikhathi esizayo ayajabulisa. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-NFC ziyakhula emadolobheni ahlakaniphile—cabanga ngezokuthutha zokugibela ukuze ugibele noma ukufinyelela okuphephile. Izixazululo ze-RFID ziyaqhuma ekuhlanganisweni kwe-IoT kanye ne-RAIN RFID, okukhuphula ukulandelwa kwesikhathi sangempela kwamaketanga okunikezwayo komhlaba jikelele. Zombili ziyathuthuka, ngakho ukukhetha kwakho namuhla kungase kulolonge unqenqema lwakusasa.

Ukuyigoqa: I-Takeaway Yakho Engenantambo

A. I-Quick Recap

B. Umugqa Ongezansi

C. Isinyathelo Sakho Esilandelayo