PCIe vs NVMe: Menene Bambanci?

Teburin Abubuwan Ciki

• 1. Gabatarwa
• 2. Menene PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express)?
• 3. Menene NVMe (Non-Volatile Memory Express)?
• 4. PCIe vs NVMe: Maɓallin Maɓalli
• 5. Ayyuka: PCIe da NVMe a Action
• 6. Yadda Ake Zaba Tsakanin PCIe da NVMe

I. Gabatarwa

A cikin duniyar ajiyar bayanai, zabar fasahar da ta dace tana da mahimmanci don haɓaka aiki. Biyu daga cikin zaɓuɓɓukan gama gari a cikin kwamfuta na zamani sune PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) da NVMe (Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwaƙwalwa). Fahimtar bambance-bambancen su yana da mahimmanci don zaɓar mafita mai kyau, ko kuna haɓaka PC na caca, gina wurin aiki, ko haɓaka sabar.

A. Bayanin Fasahar Adanawa

Bukatar ajiya mai sauri da aminci tana ci gaba da girma kamar yadda aikace-aikacen kamar wasa, gyaran bidiyo, da manyan sarrafa bayanai ke buƙatar saurin gudu da ƙananan latencies. Hanyoyin ajiya na gargajiya kamarHDDs (Hard Disk Drives)kuma maSATA SSDs (Saukewar Jiha Drives)ba zai iya ci gaba da aiki da bukatun ayyuka na zamani ba.

PCIemizanin mu'amala ne wanda ke ba da damar sadarwa cikin sauri tsakanin abubuwan haɗin gwiwa kamar CPU da na'urorin ajiya.

NVMe, a daya bangaren kuma, wata yarjejeniya ce da aka gina ta musamman don faifan diski mai ƙarfi (SSDs), wanda aka ƙera shi don yin amfani da ƙarfin saurin ma'ajiyar filasha ta zamani.

2. Menene PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express)?

PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) babban ma'aunin mu'amala ne mai sauri wanda ke ba da damar sadarwa tsakanin CPU, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, da na'urorin hardware daban-daban a cikin tsarin kwamfuta. Ana amfani da shi don haɗa na'urori kamar katunan zane, katunan cibiyar sadarwa, da na'urorin ajiya kamar NVMe SSDs.

A. Ma'anar da Manufar PCIe

An ƙera PCIe don sarrafa bayanai masu yawa a cikin manyan gudu. Ita ce kashin bayan mafi yawan katunan fadada na zamani da na'urorin ajiya, yana ba da damar saurin canja wurin bayanai idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin musaya kamar SATA ko PCI.

PCIe yana ba da damar sadarwa mai girma-bandwidth, rage latency da haɓaka aikin tsarin gabaɗaya.

Ƙa'idar yana amfani da sadarwar serial maimakon sadarwa ta layi daya (kamar tsofaffin PCI), wanda ke inganta amincin sigina kuma yana ba da damar sauri.

Siffofin B. PCIe da Juyin Halitta

Akwai nau'ikan PCIe da yawa, kowanne yana haɓaka akan sigar da ta gabata dangane da saurin canja wurin bayanai da bandwidth:

PCIe 1.0:2.5 GT/s (Gigatransfers a sakan daya) a kowane layi, yana ba da 250 MB/s na bandwidth.

PCIe 2.0:5.0 GT/s a kowane layi, ninka bandwidth zuwa 500 MB/s.

PCIe 3.0:8.0 GT/s a kowane layi, yana ba da 1 GB/s na bandwidth.

PCIe 4.0:16.0 GT/s a kowane layi, yana ba da bandwidth 2 GB/s.

PCIe 5.0:32.0 GT/s a kowane layi, yana ba da bandwidth 4 GB/s.

C. Yadda PCIe ke Aiki: Hanyoyi da Bandwidth

PCIe tana aiki ta amfani da hanyoyi, waɗanda su ne hanyoyin da ake watsa bayanai. Kowace hanya ta ƙunshi wayoyi guda biyu: ɗaya don aikawa da ɗaya don karɓar bayanai. Na'urori na iya amfani da lambobi daban-daban na hanyoyi:

x1: layi daya

x4: hanyoyi hudu

x8: hanyoyi takwas

x16: Hanyoyi goma sha shida (wanda aka fi amfani da shi don katunan zane)

Adadin layin yana ƙayyade adadin bandwidth gabaɗaya, don haka na'urori masu ƙarin hanyoyi, kamar GPUs, na iya canja wurin ƙarin bayanai lokaci guda, suna ba da mafi kyawun aiki a aikace-aikacen buƙatun kamar wasa da ma'anar 3D.

D. Fa'idodin PCIe don Na'urorin Ajiye

Lokacin amfani da na'urorin ajiya, PCIe yana ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci akan tsoffin musaya kamar SATA:

Saurin saurin canja wurin bayanai, yana haifar da ingantattun lokutan taya da saurin canja wurin fayil.

Ƙarfafawa:PCIe ramummuka na iya tallafawa na'urori da yawa, suna ba da izinin daidaitawa mai girma.

Ƙananan jinkiri:PCIe yana rage lokacin da ake ɗaukar bayanai don tafiya tsakanin na'urori, yana mai da shi manufa don NVMe SSDs.

Ta hanyar yin amfani da PCIe, na'urorin ajiya na zamani kamar NVMe SSDs na iya kaiwa ga mafi girma da sauri fiye da tsofaffin fasahohin, suna jujjuya aikin ƙididdigewa a fagage daban-daban, daga wasa zuwa ajiyar bayanan kasuwanci.

3.What is NVMe (Non-Volatile Memory Express)?

NVMe (Non-Volatile Memory Express) yarjejeniya ce ta musamman da aka ƙera don buɗe cikakkiyar damar fayafai masu ƙarfi (SSDs), musamman waɗanda ke amfani da ƙwaƙwalwar filasha. Ba kamar tsofaffin SATA da ka'idojin AHCI ba, an gina NVMe don samar da babban sauri, ƙarancin jinkiri tsakanin CPU da na'urorin ajiya, yana ba da damar samun damar bayanai da sauri da saurin canja wuri.

A. Ma'anar da Manufar NVMe

NVMe ƙa'idar ajiya ce wacce ke aiki akan ƙirar PCIe, tana ba da izinin sadarwa cikin sauri tsakanin na'urar ajiya da uwa. Babban burinsa shine haɓaka aikin SSDs, rage jinkiri da haɓaka kayan aiki. Ta yin amfani da damar sarrafa layi ɗaya, NVMe yana ba da damar sarrafa umarni da yawa lokaci guda, wanda ke haɓaka aikin sosai idan aka kwatanta da tsoffin ka'idojin ajiya.

B. NVMe Protocol vs. SATA da AHCI

Awanni:A al'adance don haɗa HDDs da SATA SSDs, SATA yana da hankali fiye da NVMe, tare da matsakaicin saurin canja wuri na kusan 600 MB/s.

AHCI:Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI) an ƙera shi don jujjuya faifai kuma baya amfani da cikakkiyar damar ajiyar walƙiya.

NVMe:An ƙera shi daga ƙasa don ajiya na tushen walƙiya, NVMe yana ba da sauri zuwa 6x da sauri fiye da SATA SSDs ta hanyar rage sama da amfani da daidaiton ƙwaƙwalwar walƙiya.