Linux Mint vs Ubuntu: Ndi OS Iti Yoyenera Kwa Inu?

M'ndandanda wazopezekamo

• 1. Mawu Oyamba
• 2. Mbiri ndi Mbiri
• 3. Malo a Pakompyuta
• 4. Magwiridwe ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zida Zothandizira
• 5. Mapulogalamu ndi Package Management
• 6. Kusintha Makonda ndi Mawonekedwe Ogwiritsa Ntchito
• 7. Kupezeka kwa Mapulogalamu ndi Kugwirizana
• 8. Chitetezo ndi Thandizo
• 9. Cholinga cha Omvera ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Milandu

I. Chiyambi

II. Mbiri ndi Mbiri

Onse a Linux Mint ndi Ubuntu amagawana maziko ofanana, omangidwa pa Debian, koma mbiri yawo ikuwonetsa njira zosiyanasiyana komanso zofunika kwambiri.

Ubuntu, yopangidwa ndi Canonical, idasindikizidwa koyamba mu 2004 ndi cholinga chopangitsa Linux kupezeka mosavuta. Canonical imayang'ana kwambiri pakupanga kugawa kosavuta kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ndi zosintha pafupipafupi, chithandizo champhamvu, komanso malo osasinthika a desktop a GNOME. Ubuntu wabwera kudzayimira kuvomerezedwa kwa Linux m'makompyuta onse ogula komanso mabizinesi. Kuzungulira kwa Ubuntu kumapereka mitundu iwiri: kutulutsa kwanthawi zonse kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi ndi mitundu ya LTS (Long-Term Support), yomwe imapereka zosintha zachitetezo zaka zisanu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mabizinesi ndi otukula akhale osankha.

Linux Mint idakhazikitsidwa mu 2006 kuthana ndi zovuta zina zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito oyambirira a Ubuntu anali nazo. Idafuna kufewetsa zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amagwiritsa ntchito pophatikiza mawonekedwe a Windows ngati Cinnamon, MATE, ndi Xfce desktop. Linux Mint nthawi yomweyo idadziwika chifukwa chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu pang'ono, komanso kuthekera kwakunja kwa bokosi, komwe kumaphatikizapo ma codec omwe adayikidwa kale. Pomwe Mint idamangidwa pamitundu ya LTS ya Ubuntu, imadzisiyanitsa ndikuchotsa mapaketi a Canonical's Snap ndikupereka makonda ambiri ndi chithandizo cha Flatpak.

Kugawidwa konseku kumapereka malo otetezeka komanso otetezeka, koma kutsindika kwa Linux Mint pakusintha makonda ndi kumasuka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yosangalatsa kwambiri kwa omwe angoyamba kumene, pomwe kusakhazikika kwa Ubuntu ndikuthandizira kumakopa ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri.

III. Malo a Pakompyuta

Chimodzi mwazosiyana kwambiri pakati pa Linux Mint ndi Ubuntu ndi malo apakompyuta omwe amagawidwa. Madera awa amapangitsa mawonekedwe a ogwiritsa ntchito, kuyenda, ndi zochitika zonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala chinthu chofunikira posankha pakati pa ziwirizi.

Cinnamon, malo apamwamba apakompyuta ku Linux Mint, ndi amodzi mwa angapo omwe alipo. Cinnamon ili ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba apakompyuta omwe amatsanzira kwambiri mawonekedwe a Windows, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito asamuke mosavuta kuchokera pa Windows. Imadziwika kuti ndi yosinthika kwambiri, yopepuka, komanso ndikuyenda kosavuta kwa menyu. Linux Mint imathandiziranso MATE ndi Xfce, zomwe ndizopepuka kuposa Cinnamon komanso zoyenera makompyuta akale kapena otsika.

Ubuntu, kumbali ina, zombo zokhala ndi GNOME desktop chilengedwe monga mawonekedwe osasinthika. GNOME ndi malo amakono, okongola omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ochepa komanso kutsindika pakuchita bwino. Ili ndi mawonekedwe ngati doko kumanzere kumanzere ndi chithunzithunzi cha zochitika kuti mufike mwachangu kuti mutsegule mawindo ndi mapulogalamu. Ubuntu ilinso ndi mitundu yokhala ndi malo ena apakompyuta, monga Kubuntu (ndi KDE Plasma), Lubuntu (ndi LXQt), ndi Xubuntu (ndi Xfce).

Lingaliro pakati pa Linux Mint ndi Ubuntu nthawi zambiri zimatengera malo apakompyuta omwe amakwaniritsa mayendedwe anu ndi zosowa za Hardware.

IV. Magwiridwe ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zida Zadongosolo

Poyerekeza Linux Mint vs Ubuntu, magwiridwe antchito ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito kazinthu ndizofunikira kwambiri, makamaka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe ali ndi zida zakale kapena zochepa zamphamvu.

Linux Mint imadziwika bwino chifukwa chopepuka, makamaka mukamagwiritsa ntchito malo apakompyuta a Cinnamon, MATE, kapena Xfce. Madera apakompyuta awa ndiwothandiza kwambiri, ndikupangitsa Linux Mint kukhala chisankho chabwino kwambiri pazida zakale kapena makina omwe ali ndi CPU yochepa ndi RAM. Mwachitsanzo, Linux Mint yokhala ndi Xfce imatha kugwira ntchito bwino ndi 2GB ya RAM, ndikupangitsa kukhala chisankho chabwino kwambiri kwa anthu omwe akufuna kukonzanso ukadaulo wakale. Ngakhale Cinnamon, yolemera kwambiri mwa atatuwo, ndiyothandiza kwambiri kuposa GNOME.

Ubuntu, ngakhale ikadali yogwira ntchito kwambiri, imafunikira zida zambiri zamakina. Malo ake osasinthika apakompyuta a GNOME ndiwodziwika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake amakono, opukutidwa, ngakhale amadya CPU ndi RAM. Zotsatira zake, Ubuntu zitha kuwoneka kuti zikuyenda pang'onopang'ono pazinthu zakale kuposa Linux Mint. Komabe, imapambana pamakina apano omwe ali ndi mphamvu zowongolera, zomwe zimapereka chidziwitso chosavuta komanso chomvera.

Pomaliza, Linux Mint imapereka magwiridwe antchito kwambiri pama PC opanda zida zochepa, pomwe Ubuntu imagwira ntchito bwino pamakompyuta atsopano, othamanga kwambiri.

V. Mapulogalamu ndi Package Management

Ngakhale kuti onse a Linux Mint ndi Ubuntu amachokera ku Debian ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito phukusi la APT kuti asamalire.deb phukusi, njira zawo zopangira mapulogalamu ndi kasamalidwe ka phukusi zimasiyana kwambiri.

Linux Mint imayika patsogolo njira yosavuta, yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito pakuwongolera mapulogalamu. Imagwiritsa ntchito Mint Software Manager, yomwe ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndipo ili ndi chithandizo cha Flatpak. Flatpak imalola ogwiritsa ntchito kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu pamagawidwe angapo popanda zovuta zofananira, kupereka ufulu wochulukirapo kuposa Snap. Mint imapereka Synaptic Package Manager kwa anthu omwe amakonda njira yoyendetsera phukusi lapamwamba kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, Linux Mint yachotsa chithandizo cha Snap mwachisawawa, ndikupereka njira ina kwa iwo omwe akufuna mapulogalamu otseguka ndi distro-agnostic.

Ubuntu, kumbali ina, imaphatikiza mapaketi a Snap kwambiri. Canonical's Snap imalola zodalira zonse kuti ziphatikizidwe mu phukusi limodzi, kupangitsa kukhazikitsa kosavuta kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ena. Snap, kumbali ina, imagawanika m'gulu la Linux popeza ili yotsekedwa, ndipo yadzutsa zovuta zina. Ubuntu imabweranso ndi Ubuntu Software Center, yomwe imapereka mapulogalamu onse a Snap komanso apamwamba a APT, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yosunthika koma mwina pang'onopang'ono kuposa oyang'anira phukusi a Mint.

Pomaliza, Linux Mint imapereka kusinthasintha komanso kusankha kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe amakonda kupewa ma phukusi a Snap, pomwe kuphatikiza kwa Ubuntu Snap kumapereka mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu ena.

VI. Kusintha Makonda ndi Mawonekedwe Ogwiritsa Ntchito

Zikafika pakusintha makonda ndi mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito, onse a Linux Mint ndi Ubuntu ali ndi zosankha zosiyana, koma Linux Mint ndi yosinthika komanso yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.

Linux Mint's flagship desktop desktop, Cinnamon, imadziwika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake amtundu wa Windows, omwe ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri amawaona kuti ndi osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Zimaphatikizanso mwayi wosintha makonda omwe ali m'bokosilo, kulola ogwiritsa ntchito kusintha mitu, ma applets, ndi ma desklets molunjika kuchokera ku System Settings. Kuthekera kumeneku kumapangitsa Mint kukhala yosunthika kwambiri, kupatsa ogwiritsa ntchito kusinthasintha kwathunthu pachilichonse kuyambira pa desktop kupita ku magwiridwe antchito a applet. Ogwiritsa ntchito Mint amathanso kupeza malo osungiramo mitu yopangidwa ndi anthu ammudzi ndi ma applets kuti azisintha.

Ubuntu mwachisawawa amagwiritsa ntchito malo a GNOME apakompyuta, omwe amayamikira kuphweka ndi minimalism. Ngakhale GNOME imapereka zosankha zocheperako zokhazikika kuposa Cinnamon, Zowonjezera za GNOME zimalola ogwiritsa ntchito kuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito komanso makonda. Komabe, izi zimafunikira kukhazikitsa zida zowonjezera monga GNOME Tweaks, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zikhale zovuta kwa obwera kumene. Kwa makasitomala omwe amakonda malo osiyanasiyana apakompyuta, Ubuntu amathandizira mitundu ingapo, monga Kubuntu (ndi KDE) ndi Lubuntu (ndi LXQt).

Mwachidule, Linux Mint imapereka chidziwitso chowoneka bwino komanso chosinthika kuchokera m'bokosilo, pomwe Ubuntu amayang'ana mawonekedwe osavuta okhala ndi zosankha zochepa.

VII. Kupezeka kwa Mapulogalamu ndi Kugwirizana