Igereranya ry'imikorere ya tekiniki hagati ya PLC na mudasobwa zikoreshwa mu nganda

Mu rwego rwo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu nganda, mudasobwa za PLC na mudasobwa zikoreshwa mu nganda zikoreshwa cyane ni ikoranabuhanga ribiri rikoreshwa cyane mu kugenzura, buri rimwe rifite imiterere yihariye ya tekiniki n'inyungu z'imikorere. Iyi nkuru izakora isesengura rirambuye ry'igereranya rya mudasobwa za PLC na mudasobwa zikoreshwa mu nganda zikoreshwa mu nganda hakurikijwe imikorere ya tekiniki.

Imiterere ya tekiniki n'ibyiza by'imikorere ya PLC

PLC, cyangwa porogaramu igenzura imikorere, ni igikoresho cy’ikoranabuhanga gikoreshwa mu kubara no gukora cyagenewe inganda. Gikoresha porogaramu igenzura imikorere kugira ngo kibike kandi gishyire mu bikorwa amabwiriza yo kugenzura imashini cyangwa ibikorwa byo gukora. Ibintu by’ingenzi mu bya tekiniki bya PLC birimo:

1. Imikorere ya Real-Time: PLC ikoresha uburyo bwo gukora bwa cyclic scanning, bushobora gusubiza vuba impinduka mu bimenyetso byinjiye no kuvugurura imiterere y'ibisohoka mu gihe, bigatuma habaho imikorere ya control mu gihe nyacyo.

2. Kwizerwa: Igishushanyo cya PLC cyibanda ku mimerere mibi y’inganda, nk’ubushyuhe bwinshi, ivumbi, ubushuhe, nibindi, bityo kikaba gifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingaruka mbi no kwihanganira amakosa.
3. Uburyo bworoshye bwo gukoresha: Porogaramu ya PLC iroroshye kandi ishyigikira indimi nyinshi za porogaramu, nk'imbonerahamwe z'urwego, imbonerahamwe z'amabwiriza, n'ibindi, ibyo bikaba byoroshye ku bahanga mu by'ikoranabuhanga gutangira no kubungabunga vuba.
4. Igishushanyo mbonera cya Modular: Ibikoresho bya PLC na porogaramu byombi bikoresha igishushanyo mbonera cya Modular, byoroshye kwagura no kuvugurura uko bikenewe.

Imiterere ya tekiniki n'ibyiza by'imikorere ya mudasobwa zikoreshwa mu nganda

Mudasobwa zo mu nganda zishyirwa mu nganda ni sisitemu ya mudasobwa ikoresha microprocessor yagenewe kandi ikanakoreshwa mu buryo bwihariye mu nganda. Ifite ibi bikurikira:

1. Ingufu zikomeye zo gukoresha mudasobwa: Mudasobwa zo mu nganda zikoreshwa mu buryo bwa mudasobwa zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho kandi rifite ubushobozi bwo gutunganya amakuru no kuyakoresha mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga, rikwiriye gukoreshwa mu gushyira mu bikorwa algorithme zikomeye zo kugenzura no gusesengura amakuru.
2. Guhuza sisitemu cyane: Mudasobwa zo mu nganda zishyirwa mu buryo busanzwe zishobora guhuza imikorere myinshi muri sisitemu ntoya, bikagabanya gukenera ibikoresho byo hanze no kugabanya ubukana n'ikiguzi bya sisitemu.

3. Guhindura: Mudasobwa zo mu nganda zishyirwa mu buryo bwa elegitoroniki zishobora guhindurwa no guterwa ibikoresho na porogaramu hakurikijwe ibisabwa byihariye, bigatuma habaho ubworoherane no guhuza ibintu. Irindi tandukaniro rikomeye riri mu imikorere ya porogaramu. PLC yagenewe kugenzura ibintu mu buryo buhoraho, mu gihe mudasobwa y’inganda ishobora gukoresha sisitemu zose z’imikorere nka Windows cyangwa Linux. Ibi bituma ibasha kwakira porogaramu za SCADA, porogaramu ya machine vision, modules za AI inference, na dashboards z’amakuru mu gihe nyacyo icyarimwe. Ubwo bushobozi bwo gukora imirimo myinshi bushobora kugabanya umubare w’ibikoresho bikenewe muri sisitemu no kunoza imikorere muri rusange. Ibi ni ingirakamaro cyane cyane mu bihe bya mudasobwa aho gutunganya ibintu mu buryo bwa elegitoroniki bigabanya gutinda k’itumanaho mu bicu.
4. Uburyo bwiza bwo kwaguka: Nubwo ari ntoya, mudasobwa zikoreshwa mu nganda ziracyatanga uburyo bwinshi bwo guhuza no kwagura, byoroshye guhuza ibikoresho bitandukanye no kuvugurura sisitemu. Uretse imikorere myiza ya mudasobwa, mudasobwa igezweho ikoreshwa mu nganda itanga kandi ibintu byinshi bifatika bishyigikira imirimo igoye y’inganda. Sisitemu nyinshi zitanga imiyoboro myinshi ya LAN, imiyoboro ya COM, na USB, byoroshye guhuza na sensor, kamera zikoresha imashini, ibikoresho bya barcode, n'ibikoresho bigenzura imikorere y’inganda. Hari moderi zimwe zishyigikira Power-over-Ethernet (PoE), igabanya ubukana bw’insinga ku ruganda.
5. Kugereranya imikorere ya tekiniki: Ukurikije imikorere ikorwa mu gihe nyacyo, PLC ishobora gutanga imikorere ihamye mu gihe nyacyo ku mirimo yoroshye yo kugenzura bitewe n'uburyo bwayo bwo gushakisha amakuru; icyakora, ku mirimo ikomeye yo gutunganya amakuru, mudasobwa zo mu nganda zirimo ibikoresho bifite inyungu nyinshi bitewe n'imbaraga zazo zikomeye zo gukoresha mudasobwa.

Ukurikije imikorere ikorwa mu gihe nyacyo, PLC ishobora gutanga imikorere ihamye mu gihe nyacyo ku mirimo yoroshye yo kugenzura bitewe n'uburyo bwayo bwo gushakisha amakuru; icyakora, ku mirimo ikomeye yo gutunganya amakuru, mudasobwa zo mu nganda zirimo ibikoresho bifite inyungu nyinshi bitewe n'imbaraga zazo zikomeye zo gukoresha mudasobwa.

Ku bijyanye na modularity no kwaguka, nubwo byombi bitanga ubufasha bwiza, mudasobwa zikoreshwa mu nganda zifite inyungu zigaragara mu guhuza no guhindura sisitemu.

Mu bijyanye no koroshya ikoreshwa, PLC yorohereza abantu kuyikoresha mu kugenzura ikoreshwa ry’inganda nyinshi bitewe n’uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora porogaramu ndetse n’abayikoresha benshi, mu gihe mudasobwa zo mu nganda zishyirwamo zihamye kurushaho.

Porogaramu zo mu nganda aho mudasobwa z’inganda zishyirwamo zigaragara

Imbonerahamwe yoroshye yo kugereranya: PLC vs. Mudasobwa zo mu nganda zishyirwamo

Umwanzuro

Muri make, mudasobwa za PLC na mudasobwa zikoreshwa mu nganda zirimo ibikoresho byazo, buri imwe ifite ibyiza byayo n'imbogamizi zayo mu mikorere ya tekiniki. Mu gihe uhisemo, ugomba kuzipima ukurikije ibihe byihariye byo gukoresha n'ibyo ukeneye.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa