Kodi RS 422 ndi chiyani? Kumvetsetsa Serial Communication Standard
Muyezo wa RS-422, womwe umadziwikanso kuti TIA/EIA-422, ndi gawo lofunikira pakulankhulana kwa serial. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale ndi ma automation. Imagwiritsa ntchito ma signature osiyanitsira komanso mawonekedwe ofananirako amagetsi a digito potengera kusamutsa deta yodalirika.
Mulingo uwu udapangidwa ndi Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA). Ndizodziwika chifukwa ndi zabwino kutumiza deta patali.
Muyezo wa RS-422 uli ndi zofunikira. Kuzindikiritsa kwake kosiyana komanso mawonekedwe ake amagetsi a digito kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kusamutsa deta mwachangu komanso modalirika. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizirana, komwe kutumiza deta ndikofunikira kwambiri.
Mu mafakitale ndi makina, RS-422 imathandiza zipangizo kulankhulana. Ndi lalikulu kwa mtunda wautali kutengerapo deta. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pakulankhulana kwachinsinsi, komwe kusamutsa deta ndikofunikira.
M'ndandanda wazopezekamo
Zofunika Kwambiri
Muyezo wa RS-422 ndi mulingo wolumikizirana womwe umagwiritsa ntchito ma siginecha osiyanasiyana komanso mawonekedwe amagetsi a digito.
Mulingowu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale ndi makina opangira makina chifukwa cha kuthekera kwake kuthandizira kufalitsa deta mtunda wautali.
Mulingo wa RS-422 ndi wabwino pamapulogalamu omwe amafunikira kutumizira mwachangu komanso kodalirika.
Mulingo umagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri polumikizana ndi ma serial, pomwe kutumiza kwa data ndikofunikira.
Mulingo wa RS-422 umadziwikanso kuti TIA/EIA-422.
Mulingo umathandizira kutumiza kwa data pakati pa zida zamafakitale ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito.
Mfundo Zaukadaulo za RS-422
RS-422 ndi njira yodziwika bwino yolumikizirana mosalekeza. Imadziwika kuti ndi yodalirika komanso yothandiza. Amagwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zosiyana, zomwe zimalimbana ndi phokoso bwino. Njirayi imatumiza deta pazingwe zopotoka, kufika mamita 1,200 kapena 3,900 mapazi.
RS-422 imagwira ntchito ndi topology ya point-to-point komanso ma unidirectional multidrop mabasi. Pofika pamfundo, dalaivala wina amalankhula ndi wolandila m'modzi. M'mabasi ambiri, dalaivala m'modzi amalankhula ndi olandila ambiri. Kufikira zida 32 zitha kulumikizana mu basi ya multidrop, yokhala ndi dalaivala m'modzi ndi olandila 31.
Gome lotsatirali likufotokozera mwachidule zofunikira zaukadaulo za RS-422:
| Parameter | Mtengo |
| Kutalika Kwambiri | 1,200 mita(3,900 mapazi) |
| Maximum Zipangizo | 32 (1oyendetsa, 31 olandila) |
| Mtundu wa Chingwe | Zingwe ziwiri zopotoka |
| Topology | Mfundo ndi mfundo, basi ya unidirectional multidrop |
Kudziwa izi ndizofunikira pakukhazikitsa machitidwe a RS-422. Zimathandizira kuonetsetsa kuti deta ikuyenda modalirika komanso moyenera pamipata yayitali.
Network Topology ndi Kusintha kwa Chipangizo
Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA) inayambitsa RS-422 mu 1975. Inalowa m'malo mwa RS-232C, yopereka liwiro labwino, chitetezo cha phokoso, ndi utali wautali wa chingwe. Muyezo uwu umathandizira kulumikizana kwathunthu kwapawiri, kulola kutumiza ndi kulandila deta munthawi imodzi.
Netiweki topology ya RS-422 nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi chipangizo chimodzi chokha komanso zida zingapo za akapolo. Amalumikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana yolumikizira, monga DB-25 ndi DC-37.
Chimodzi mwazabwino zazikulu za RS-422 ndikutha kuthandizira kutalika kwa chingwe. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala koyenera kwa ntchito zamafakitale pomwe zida nthawi zambiri zimalekanitsidwa ndi mtunda waukulu. Kusatetezedwa kwa phokoso kumatsimikiziranso kufalikira kwa data, ngakhale m'malo omwe ali ndi kusokoneza kwakukulu kwamagetsi.
Kusintha kwa Chipangizo
Kusintha kwa chipangizo ndikofunikira mumanetiweki a RS-422. Zimatsimikizira kuyenda kwa deta pakati pa zipangizo. Chida chachikulu chimayang'anira njira yolankhulirana, kutumiza malamulo ku zida za akapolo ndi kulandira deta poyankha.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kulumikizana kwathunthu kumathandizira kutumiza ndi kulandira data munthawi yomweyo. Izi zimawonjezera mphamvu yonse ya maukonde.
Network Topology
Network topology ya RS-422 imatha kukhazikitsidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kutengera momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito. Zina zodziwika bwino za topology zimaphatikizapo point-to-point, point-to-multipoint, ndi multipoint.
Kusankhidwa kwa topology kumadalira kuchuluka kwa zida, mtunda wapakati pawo, komanso liwiro lotumizira deta lofunikira. Pomvetsetsa ma topology a netiweki ndi kasinthidwe ka zida, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kukhathamiritsa maukonde awo a RS-422 kuti atumize deta yodalirika komanso yothandiza.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa RS-232 ndi RS-422
RS-232 ndi RS-422 zimasiyana makamaka momwe amatumizira zizindikiro. RS-232 imagwiritsa ntchito siginecha imodzi yokha. Kumbali ina, RS-422 imagwiritsa ntchito ma siginecha osiyanasiyana. Kusinthaku kumakhudza mitengo ya data, mtundu wa chizindikiro, komanso kutalika kwa chizindikirocho.
RS-232C, kukulitsa kwa RS-232, imagwiritsanso ntchito chizindikiro chomaliza. Izi zimachepetsa mitengo yake ya data ndi mtundu wa chizindikiro poyerekeza ndi RS-422. Kusiyanitsa kwa RS-422, komabe, kumathandizira kuchuluka kwa data komanso mawonekedwe abwinoko pamasinthidwe akutali.
Kuyerekeza kwa Zizindikiro za Signal
Nazi kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa RS-232 ndi RS-422:
RS-232: siginecha imodzi yokha, mitengo yotsika ya data, ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa siginecha pamatali a chingwe.
RS-422: ma siginecha osiyanasiyana, kuchuluka kwa data, komanso kuwongolera ma siginecha pamatali a chingwe.
Kufananiza Mafotokozedwe a Chingwe
Kufotokozera kwa chingwe kumasiyananso pakati pa ziwirizi. Zingwe za RS-422 zimatha kunyamula utali wautali chifukwa cha ma signature osiyanasiyana. Izi zimapangitsa kuti chizindikirocho chikhale bwino. Zingwe za RS-232, komabe, zimakhala ndi zazitali zazifupi chifukwa cha siginecha imodzi yokha.
Mwachidule, kusankha pakati pa RS-232 ndi RS-422 zimatengera zosowa zanu. RS-422 ndiyabwino pamapulogalamu omwe amafunikira ma data apamwamba komanso kutalika kwa chingwe. RS-232 ndi yabwino kwa mtunda waufupi komanso zosowa zochepa za data.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa RS-422 ndi RS-485?
RS-422 ndi RS-485 zimasiyana makamaka pakukhazikitsa kwawo komanso momwe zida zimalumikizirana. RS-485 imagwiritsa ntchito kamangidwe ka basi, kulola zida zambiri kugawana mzere umodzi. Izi ndizabwino pakukhazikitsa komwe kumafunikira maulumikizidwe ambiri. RS-422, komabe, idapangidwa kuti izilumikizana mwachindunji pakati pa mfundo ziwiri.
RS-485 ndiyabwino pama projekiti omwe amafunikira zida zambiri kuti azilankhulana. Imakulolani kulumikiza madalaivala ambiri pamzere umodzi. Izi ndizabwino pazokonda zamakampani pomwe zida zambiri ziyenera kulumikizana. RS-422, yokhala ndi dalaivala imodzi ndi awiri olandila, ndiyabwino kulumikizana molunjika, molunjika mpaka pamfundo.
Network topology: RS-485 ndi zomangamanga basi, pamene RS-422 ndi mfundo-to-point topology
Kusintha kwa chipangizo: RS-485 imalola madalaivala angapo ndi olandila, pomwe RS-422 ili ndi dalaivala imodzi ndi wolandila awiri.
Katundu wokhazikika: RS-485 ili ndi muyezo wa 12-kΩ, pomwe RS-422 ili ndi mulingo wosiyana.
Kudziwa kusiyana pakati pa RS-422 ndi RS-485 ndikofunikira kuti musankhe yoyenera pa polojekiti yanu. Ganizirani za mtundu wa netiweki, momwe zida zimalumikizirana, komanso kuchuluka kwa katundu. Izi zimakuthandizani kusankha mulingo wabwino kwambiri pazosowa zanu, kaya ndi RS-422 kapena RS-485.
Ubwino wa RS-422 Kuposa Miyezo Ina
RS-422 ili ndi maubwino ambiri, makamaka m'mafakitale ndi ma automation. Itha kunyamula masiteshoni ambiri, abwino pamakina akuluakulu. Imakhalanso ndi kukana kwa katundu wambiri, kuonetsetsa kuti deta imatumizidwa modalirika.
Ubwino mu Industrial Applications
M'mafakitale, RS-422 imawala ndi mawonekedwe ake amagetsi amagetsi. Izi zimalimbana ndi phokoso komanso zimapangitsa kuti kufalitsa kwa data kukhale kokhazikika. Kuyimitsa kwa chingwe komanso kusokoneza mawonekedwe kumathandizanso kwambiri pakuchita bwino kwamakina. RS-422 imalola kulumikizana mpaka 64, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yosunthika pazinthu zambiri.
Ubwino mu Automation Applications
Pochita zokha, RS-422 imagwiritsa ntchito ma transceivers a 0.5-ul potumiza mwachangu deta komanso kulumikizana kodalirika. Ndibwinonso kulimbana ndi phokoso, lomwe ndi lofunika kwambiri m'malo aphokoso. RS-422 ndichisankho chapamwamba chifukwa chodalirika komanso kuchita bwino pamagetsi, okondedwa ndi opanga ambiri ndi ophatikiza.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Wamba kwa RS-422
RS-422 imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale ambiri chifukwa ndiyodalirika komanso yosinthika. Kapangidwe kake kodalira kagwiritsidwe kake kamapangitsa kukhala koyenera pazosowa zosiyanasiyana. Imatha kunyamula chingwe chotalika mpaka 1 km, chomwe chili chabwino pazida zotalikirana.
M'mafakitale, RS-422 ndiyofunikira pamakina a 1 km omwe amafunikira kusamutsa deta mwachangu. Mawonekedwe ake a 100 kbps ndi abwino kwa data yachangu komanso yodalirika. Kuphatikiza apo, kulolerana kwake ± 20% kumathandizira zida kulankhula ngakhale phokoso kapena kusokoneza.
Industrial Applications
RS-422 ndichisankho chabwino kwambiri pamafakitale monga kupanga, kuwongolera njira, ndi makina opangira. Kukhoza kwake kuthana ndi maulendo ataliatali ndi deta yofulumira kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kwa zipangizo zakutali.
Mapulogalamu a Automation
Mu automation, RS-422 imawongolera ndikuwunika zida monga ma mota, mapampu, ndi ma valve. Kudalirika kwake ndi kusinthasintha kwake ndikwabwino pakuwongolera ndi kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni.
| Kugwiritsa ntchito | Kufotokozera |
| Industrial Automation | RS-422 imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera ndi kuyang'anira zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale |
| Njira Control | RS-422 imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira ndi kuyang'anira zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira ndondomeko |
| Zochita zokha | RS-422 imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera ndi kuyang'anira zida pazogwiritsa ntchito zokha |
Kuyika ndi Kusamalira
Mukakhazikitsa zida za RS-422, ganizirani za kutalika kwa chingwe ndi momwe zimakhudzira liwiro la data. Chingwe chachitali chikhoza kuchepetsa kufala kwa deta. Mwachitsanzo, chingwe cha 500 m chimangogwira 200 kbps, zomwe sizingakhale zokwanira pazosowa zonse.
Kusankha utali wolondola wa chingwe ndikofunikira pakusamutsa deta yodalirika. Mphamvu yamagetsi ya dalaivala ndi mphamvu yamagetsi ya wolandila ziyenera kufanana. Izi zimalepheretsa kutayika kwa data kapena katangale. Ndi chingwe choyenera ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa chipangizo, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kupewa zolakwika ndikuonetsetsa kuti kulumikizana bwino.
Kuyika Chingwe
Kuyika zingwe moyenera ndikofunikira kuti musasokonezedwe ndikuwonetsetsa kuti deta ili yabwino. Zingwe zopotoka ndi zabwino kwambiri zochepetsera phokoso komanso kuwongolera mphamvu yazizindikiro. Kutsatira izi kumathandizira kukhazikitsa bwino ndikusunga magwiridwe antchito apamwamba.
Kusintha kwa Chipangizo
Kukhazikitsa zida moyenera ndikofunikiranso pakukhazikitsa kwa RS-422. Madalaivala ndi olandila ayenera kukhazikitsidwa kuti azigwira ntchito limodzi. Poganizira liwiro la data ndi kutalika kwa chingwe, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kupeza bwino kwambiri pazida zawo.
Mapeto
Muyezo wa RS-422 ndi njira yolumikizirana yodalirika komanso yosunthika. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale ndi ma automation. Kuthandizira kwake kwa zingwe zazitali, kuchuluka kwa data, komanso chitetezo chokwanira chaphokoso kumapanga chisankho chabwino kwambiri.
Ukadaulo ukapita patsogolo, tiwona zitukuko zambiri mumayendedwe a RS-485 ndi madera ofananira. Izi zitha kubweretsa zabwino zambiri kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.
Chidule cha Mfundo zazikuluzikulu
Nkhaniyi idafotokoza zambiri zaukadaulo za RS-422, monga mawonekedwe ake azizindikiro ndi zosowa za chingwe. Idalankhulanso za ma network topology ndi kukhazikitsa zida. Kuphatikiza apo, idayerekeza RS-422 ndi RS-232 ndi RS-485 miyezo.
Zopindulitsa za RS-422 pakugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale ndi makina zidawonetsedwa. Ntchito zodziwika bwino komanso malangizo oyika zidakambidwanso.
Zamtsogolo
Kuyang'ana m'tsogolo, kuphatikiza ma transceivers a rs-485 ndikusintha kusokoneza kolowera kumatha kusintha RS-422. Itha kuthandizira mpaka 32 ULS ndikugwirizira ma node 8x kuposa RS-232.
Zida za analogi ndi ma transceivers a rs-485/rs-422 akusintha. Izi zikuwonetsa tsogolo labwino la RS-422, kukwaniritsa zosowa zamagawo a mafakitale ndi makina.
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