Intangiriro ku bipimo by'amazi bya mudasobwa zigendanwa zirinda amazi inshuro eshatu

A mudasobwa igendanwa idakoresha amazi (mu buryo bunonosoye a mudasobwa idapfa amazi ifite uburinzi bwemewe) ni igikoresho gikomeye cyakorewe kwihanganira kwinjira mu mazi no gukomeza gukora mu gihe cy'ubushuhe. Ifite izina ry'umwuga: mudasobwa igendanwa ikomeye. Ubushobozi bwo kwirinda amazi ntabwo ari ugusuka amazi gusa; bupimirwa hakoreshejwe amahame mpuzamahanga yo kurinda agena ingano y'amazi igikoresho gishobora kwihanganira mbere yuko gicika.

Mudasobwa zigendanwa nyinshi zikoreshwa n’abantu zisanzwe zitanga ubudahangarwa buke cyangwa nta na bumwe ku bijyanye no kwinjira mu mazi, ariko mudasobwa zigendanwa zikomeye zidakoresha amazi zikoresha udukingirizo dufunze, gasket zidasanzwe, n'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bigezweho kugira ngo birinde ibice by'imbere.

Akadomo kadakoreshwa amazi gakunze gukoreshwa mu nganda aho ibidukikije bidashoboka. Abakozi bakorera hanze bakunze gukoresha ibikoresho bikomeye bishobora kwihanganira amazi adahagaritse imirimo.

Ibiranga imiterere isanzwe yo kurinda birimo:

• Inzira zo kwinjira n'izisohoka zifunze neza

• Gaskets zakozwe mu irabu zikikije aho bipfundikiye

• Kubaka chassis igezweho

• Ibipfukisho by'ubwato birinda

• Keyboard zirinda amazi

Ibi birinda ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga byoroheje mu gihe cy'imvura, imvura yamenetse ku buryo butunguranye, amazi asurwa, cyangwa ndetse no mu mazi iyo hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byemewe n'amategeko.

Kugira ngo usobanukirwe uburyo abakora bashushanya uduce dukomeye, ushobora gusuzuma guhitamo ibikoresho no gukora amasanduku ya mudasobwa zigendanwa akomeye hano: Suzuma uburyo bwo guhitamo ibikoresho no gukora mudasobwa igendanwa ikomeye. 

Igipimo cya 1.IP53

Mudasobwa zigendanwa zifite agaciro ka IP53 zishobora kwihanganira ivumbi ryinshi. Nubwo zitarinda ivumbi burundu, zirahagije gukoreshwa buri munsi. Muri icyo gihe, uru rwego rushobora kandi gukumira ko amazi atamena no kwangiza mudasobwa, kandi rukwiriye gukoreshwa ahantu hari amazi make ameneka.

Mudasobwa igendanwa ikomeye idapfa amazi ihuza uburyo bwo kurinda amazi no kuramba mu gihe umuntu ahanganye n'imihangayiko ikabije. Ubu buryo bukunze gukoreshwa mu nganda aho ibikoresho bigomba kwihanganira imicungire mibi.

Ibintu by'ingenzi bikunze kuranga umuntu birimo:

Ecran zo hanze zishobora gusomwa

Mudasobwa zigendanwa nyinshi zikomeye zidapfa amazi zifite ecran zigaragaza urumuri rwinshi zagenewe kureba hanze. Ecran zishobora kugera ku rugero rw'urumuri rukwiriye ibidukikije bikorerwamo n'izuba, bigatuma abakozi basoma amakuru neza mu gihe cyo mu murima.

Igishushanyo cya Keyboard n'Ishusho y'Ibyinjizwa

Utwuma twa clavier tudasesa amazi tubuza amazi kwinjira mu bikoresho by'imbere. Zimwe mu mashini zigendanwa zidasesa amazi zirimo n'imiyoboro y'amazi ituma amazi make asohoka neza.

Imbuga zo Guhuza Zirinzwe

Abakoresha inganda bakunze gukenera imiyoboro myinshi nka Ethernet, USB, HDMI, cyangwa imiyoboro y'ikoranabuhanga. Kuri mudasobwa igendanwa idakoresha amazi, iyi miyoboro ikunze kurindwa n'ibipfundikizo bifunze bikomeza ubuziranenge bw'uburinzi bw'ibidukikije bw'igikoresho.

Modules z'itumanaho zishobora kwaguka

Ibikoresho byinshi bikomeye bishyigikira modules z'itumanaho zidasanzwe nka:

• Aho GPS iherereye

• Guhuza 4G cyangwa 5G

• Kwemeza ikarita y'ubwenge

• Kode cyangwa RFID ihuzwa

Ubu bushobozi butuma mudasobwa igendanwa idakoresha amazi ikora nk'aho ikorera hose.

Inyuma y'ibi bipimo hari ubuhanga bwitondewe:

• Ibice by'imbere bifunze: Gasket, impeta za kabutura, n'imitako idapfa amazi bibuza amazi kwinjira.

• Ibikoresho bikomejwe: Plastike n'ibyuma birwanya amazi bitanga icyuma gikomeye cyo hanze kirinda ibidukikije.

• Imbuga n'imiyoboro birinzwe: Ibipfukisho byihariye n'udupfukisho birinda amazi kwinjira ahantu hashobora kwangirika nka USB, HDMI, n'ibihuza amashanyarazi.

Iri koranabuhanga rituma nubwo haba mu bihe bikomeye - nk'imvura nyinshi cyangwa guhura n'ubushuhe kenshi - mudasobwa igendanwa idakoresha amazi ishobora gutanga umusaruro wizewe.

Mudasobwa igendanwa idapfa amazi ntikunze kugurwa mu kazi gasanzwe ko mu biro. Ahubwo, yagenewe ahantu hihariye aho kuba inyangamugayo ari ingenzi cyane.

Porogaramu zisanzwe zikoreshwa mu nganda zirimo:

6.1. Mudasobwa igendanwa y'ubwubatsi n'ubwubatsi

Abahanga mu by’ubwubatsi bakunze gukorera hanze mu mvura cyangwa ahantu hari ivumbi. Mudasobwa igendanwa idapfa amazi ibafasha kubona dosiye z’umushinga, ibishushanyo bya CAD, na raporo z’igenzura batitaye ku kwangiza ibidukikije. Ku bigo biteganya kugura ibikoresho, iyi niyo mfashanyigisho ifatika yo guhitamo ibikoresho. mudasobwa igendanwa nziza cyane yo mu mirimo y'ubwubatsi.

Mu mikorere y'ubwubatsi igezweho, ibikoresho bikomeye nabyo bifasha gutunganya amakuru y'ahantu hamwe no guhuza imishinga. Ushobora gusuzuma uburyo mudasobwa zigendanwa ziramba zifasha iyi mirimo hano: Kuki mudasobwa zigendanwa zikomeye ari ingenzi mu gucunga amakuru y’ahantu mu buryo bugezweho bwo kubaka?

6.2. Ibikoresho n'ububiko

Ibigo bikora ibikoresho bikunze gukorera ahantu ibikoresho bishobora guhura n’ubushuhe, impinduka z’ubushyuhe, cyangwa ibyamenetse ku buryo butunguranye. Mudasobwa idapfa amazi ifasha mu kugenzura ububiko, gucunga ibicuruzwa, no gukoresha uburyo bwo kubika ibintu mu bubiko.

Mu nganda nyinshi, mudasobwa zikomeye nazo zikoreshwa nk'imiyoboro igendanwa ihujwe na sisitemu zo gukora. Urugero, ibikoresho bikomeye bishobora gukora nk'imiyoboro ihamye ya MES mu matsinda: Ni gute mudasobwa ikomeye ihinduka igikoresho gikomeye cya terminal cya mes-system mu iduka ryawe?

6.3. Serivisi z'umutekano rusange n'izihutirwa

Abapolisi, abazimya umuriro, n'amatsinda y'ubutabazi bw'ibanze bishingikiriza ku bikoresho bya mudasobwa bikomeye mu gihe cy'ibikorwa bikomeye. Mudasobwa igendanwa ikomeye idapfa amazi itanga uburyo bwizewe bwo kubona amakuru nyayo, sisitemu z'itumanaho, n'ibikoresho byo gutanga raporo ku byabaye ndetse no mu bihe bigoye by'ikirere.

Izi nzego z'ingenzi mu butumwa akenshi zisaba mudasobwa zujuje ibisabwa mu burambe bwa gisirikare. Ushobora kumenya byinshi kuri ibi bisabwa mu gutanga icyemezo hano: Incamake isanzwe ya MIL-STD.

6.4. Ubushakashatsi mu bya siyansi no gukurikirana ibidukikije

Abashakashatsi bakorera mu mashyamba, mu nkengero z'inyanja, cyangwa mu duce twa kure bakunze gukenera ibikoresho bya mudasobwa bishobora kwihanganira guhura n'amazi n'ikirere gikabije. Amakaye adakoresha amazi atanga urubuga rwizewe rwo gukusanya amakuru, kuyakora ku makarita no gusesengura ibidukikije.

Ku bijyanye no gupima, gukora ikarita, no gukusanya amakuru y’ahantu, mudasobwa zigendanwa zikomeye zikunze gutoranywa kugira ngo zimenye neza aho zishyirwa kandi zigatuma imikorere yazo ihora ihagaze neza. Ubuyobozi burambuye bwo guhitamo buraboneka hano: Nigute wahitamo mudasobwa igendanwa ikomeye yo gupima?

Nanone zikunze gukoreshwa mu nganda zikomeye nko mu nganda za aluminiyumu no mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro aho gukomera kw'ibikoresho ari ingenzi cyane: Mudasobwa igendanwa nziza cyane yo kugenzura uruganda rwa aluminiyumu hakoreshejwe electrolytic.

Guhitamo amanota meza yo kwirinda amazi bigufasha kuringaniza igihe n'ikiguzi mu gihe ugenzura ko mudasobwa yawe idakoresha amazi ikomeza gukora mu bihe runaka.

Mu gihe cyo gusuzuma igiciro cya mudasobwa igendanwa idapfa amazi, abaguzi bagomba kuzirikana ibirenze ikiguzi cyo kugura cya mbere gusa. Ibikoresho bikomeye akenshi biba birimo ikoranabuhanga ryihariye n'uburyo bwo kwemeza ibintu byongera igihe cyo kuramba.

Hari ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka ku kiguzi cya mudasobwa igendanwa idakoresha amazi:

• Urwego rwo kurengera ibidukikije (igipimo cya IP)

• Impamyabushobozi zo kuramba mu rwego rwa gisirikare

• Imikorere ya poroseseri n'uburyo ububiko buhagaze

• Moduli z'itumanaho zisabwa

• Igishushanyo cya batiri n'ubushobozi bwo guhinduranya umuriro

Nubwo mudasobwa igendanwa ikomeye idakoresha amazi ishobora kugura amafaranga menshi kurusha ikaye y'umuguzi, agaciro k'igihe kirekire gakunze kuba kari hejuru. Ibikoresho biramba bigabanya igihe cyo kudakora, bigabanya ikiguzi cyo gusana, kandi byongera igihe cyose cy'ibikoresho.

Ku bigo byishingikiriza ku mikoreshereze y’ikoranabuhanga ryizewe, gushora imari muri mudasobwa igendanwa idapfa amazi bishobora kongera imikorere myiza cyane.

Niba ushaka gusobanukirwa neza ibijyanye n'ikiguzi, iyi nkuru irasobanura impamvu mudasobwa zigendanwa zikomeye zo mu nganda zihenze cyane: Kuki mudasobwa zigendanwa zikomeye zo mu nganda zihenze cyane?

Ku baguzi basuzuma uburyo bwo kugura, ni ingirakamaro kandi kugereranya mudasobwa zigendanwa zikomeye zavuguruwe na mudasobwa zigendanwa nshya zikomeye gusobanukirwa agaciro k'igihe kirekire: mudasobwa igendanwa ikomeye yavuguruwe VS mudasobwa zigendanwa nshya zikomeye.

Guhitamo iburyo mudasobwa igendanwa idakoresha amazi biterwa n'aho akazi gakorerwa n'ibisabwa mu mikorere.

Mu kugereranya ibikoresho, abaguzi bagomba kuzirikana ibi bikurikira:

• Igipimo cy’amazi gikenewe

• Ingano y'ubushyuhe bwo gukora

• Ubudahangarwa bwo kugwa no gutigita

• Ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira batiri mu kazi ko mu murima

• Kwaguka kw'ibikoresho by'itumanaho

Urugero, igikoresho cyagenewe imishinga y’ubuhanga bwo hanze gishobora gushyira imbere amatara asomerwa n’izuba ndetse no kumara igihe kirekire bateri. Mu buryo bunyuranye, porogaramu y’ibikoresho ishobora gusaba izindi porogaramu zo guhuza.

Gusuzuma neza ibi bisabwa bifasha amashyirahamwe guhitamo mudasobwa igendanwa idakoresha amazi ihuye n'ibyo yiteze ku mikorere no kuramba.

1. Mudasobwa igendanwa idapfa amazi ni iki, kandi itandukanye ite na mudasobwa igendanwa isanzwe?

Mudasobwa igendanwa idapfa amazi yagenewe by’umwihariko kwirinda kwinjira mu mazi, ivumbi, n’ihungabana. Bitandukanye na mudasobwa zigendanwa zisanzwe, ikoresha udukingirizo dufunze, gasket, n’ibikoresho bikomejwe kugira ngo ikore neza ndetse no mu nganda zitose cyangwa zikomeye. Suzuma mudasobwa zacu zigendanwa zikomeye hano.

2. Mudasobwa zigendanwa zikomeye ni iki?

Mudasobwa zigendanwa zikomeye ni ibikoresho byakozwe kugira ngo amazi adapfa, irinda ivumbi, kandi irinda guhungabana, bigatuma ziba nziza cyane mu nganda, hanze no mu kibuga. Zitanga imikorere ihoraho aho mudasobwa zigendanwa zisanzwe zangirika.

3. Ni gute amanota y’amazi akoreshwa kuri mudasobwa zigendanwa?

Ibipimo bidashobora kuvogerwa n'amazi bipimwa hakoreshejwe Kode za IP, bigaragaza uburinzi ku bintu bikomeye (umukungugu) n'amazi (amazi). Urugero, IP65 irinda umukungugu wose kandi irwanya imiyoboro y'amazi, mu gihe IP68 yemerera kwibira mu mazi by'agateganyo.

4. Ni iyihe karita ya IP nkwiye guhitamo kuri mudasobwa yanjye idakoresha amazi?

Hitamo ukurikije aho utuye:

• IP53/IP54: Gukoresha amazi make, mu biro cyangwa mu gihe runaka hanze
• IP65/IP66: Guhura kenshi n'imvura, ivumbi, cyangwa imashini isuka mu nganda
• IP68: Ibihe bikomeye nko kwibira mu mazi cyangwa gukoresha amazi mu mazi

5. Ese mudasobwa igendanwa idakoresha amazi ishobora kwangirika n'amazi?

Yego, ndetse na mudasobwa zigendanwa zidashobora kuvogerwa n'amazi zifite aho zigarukira. Kurenza igihe kirekire ibipimo bya IP byemewe, cyangwa kwangirika ku buryo butunguranye kw'ibice by'icyuma n'ibyambu, bishobora kwangiza uburinzi. Uburyo bwo kuzikoresha neza no kuzigenzura buri gihe ni byiza.

6. Ni izihe nganda zungukira cyane kuri mudasobwa zigendanwa zitagira amazi?

• Ikoranabuhanga mu by'ikoranabuhanga n'inganda
• Ubwubatsi n'umurimo wo mu murima
• Ibikorwa byo mu mazi no mu nyanja
• Igisirikare n'ubutabazi bwihutirwa
• Ubushakashatsi bwo hanze cyangwa gukurikirana ibidukikije

7. Ese mudasobwa zigendanwa zidashobora kuvomererwa n'amazi ziremereye cyangwa nini kurusha mudasobwa zigendanwa zisanzwe?

Bishobora kuba bikomeye gato bitewe n'ibikoresho bikomejwe n'ibice bifunze, ariko imiterere myinshi iracyashobora kwimurwa mu gihe itanga imbaraga zo gukomeza ahantu hagoye.

8. Ese mudasobwa zigendanwa zidashobora kuvomererwa n'amazi zirinda ibice byose by'imbere?

Mudasobwa zigendanwa zikomeye kandi zifite ubuziranenge zifunga ibice by'ingenzi nka CPU, ububiko, na motherboard. Imbuga zirinzwe n'ibifuniko cyangwa gasket kugira ngo amazi adakwirakwira, bityo bitume habaho imikorere myiza mu bihe bigoye.