SATA SSD vs NVMe SSD: Itandukaniro irihe?
2024-12-05 10:41:08
Imbonerahamwe
I. Intangiriro
Muri iyi si ya none, imikorere yububiko ni ikintu cyingenzi muguhitamo umuvuduko nubushobozi bwa mudasobwa, mudasobwa zigendanwa, nibindi bikoresho. Muburyo butandukanye bwo kubika buraboneka, SSD (Solid-State Drives) yahindutse ihitamo kuruta HDDs gakondo (Hard Disk Drive) kubera umuvuduko no kwizerwa. Ariko, mubice bya SSDs, ubwoko bubiri bwingenzi bwiganje: SATA SSD na NVMe SSD.
A. SSD ni iki?
SSD ni ubwoko bwububiko bukoresha flash ububiko bwo kubika amakuru, yihuta cyane kuruta HDD gakondo. Bitandukanye na HDDs ishingiye kuri disiki zizunguruka, SSDs nta bice byimuka, bituma biramba kandi neza.
B. Incamake ya SATA SSD na NVMe SSD
SSDs ya SATA: Izi drives zikoresha interineti ya SATA (Serial ATA), nayo ikoreshwa na disiki gakondo. Mugihe batanga umuvuduko mwinshi hejuru ya HDDs, imikorere yabo igarukira kumurongo mugari wa SATA.
NVMe SSDs: Ibinyuranye, NVMe (Non-Volatile Memory Express) ni protocole nshya yagenewe cyane cyane kubika flash. Disiki ya NVMe ihuza ikoresheje interineti ya PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express), itanga igipimo cyinshi cyo kohereza amakuru, ubukererwe buke, nibikorwa byiza muri rusange.
C. Akamaro ko Guhitamo SSD ikwiye
Mugihe uhitamo hagati ya SATA SSD na NVMe SSD, ni ngombwa gusuzuma imikorere ya sisitemu yawe:
SSD ni byinshi bihagije kubara, akazi ko mu biro, cyangwa nkigikoresho cya kabiri cyo kubika.
NVMe SSD nibyiza kubikorwa byimikorere myinshi nkimikino, gutunganya amashusho, hamwe namakuru aremereye.
2. SATA SSD ni iki?
SATA SSD (Serial ATA Solid-State Drive) ni ubwoko bwa disiki ikomeye-ikoresha interineti ya SATA kugirango ihuze mudasobwa. Mugihe SATA SSDs ari iterambere ryinshi hejuru ya HDD gakondo mubijyanye n'umuvuduko no kwizerwa, bigarukira kumurongo mugari wa SATA III.
A. Amateka n'ihindagurika rya SATA SSD
Imigaragarire ya SATA imaze imyaka myinshi, kandi yabanje kugenewe guhuza disiki zikomeye. Mugihe tekinoroji ya flash yibikoresho yateye imbere, SATA SSDs yagaragaye nkigisubizo cyoroshye cyo gusimbuza disiki gakondo zizunguruka, zitanga amakuru yihuse yo kohereza amakuru nigihe cyo kwinjira.
Nyuma yigihe, SATA SSDs yarushijeho kumenyekana bitewe nigipimo cyibiciro-by-imikorere, ibyo bikaba byaratumye abaguzi ndetse nubucuruzi bashaka kuzamura HDDs nta kuzamura igiciro kinini.
B. Uburyo SATA SSD ikora
SATA SSDs ikoresha flash yibikoresho byo kubika amakuru. Utugingo ngengabuzima tugumana amakuru nubwo amashanyarazi azimye, bigatuma SSDs yizewe kuruta disiki gakondo. SATA SSDs ihujwe binyuze mumurongo wa SATA kububiko, kandi amakuru yoherezwa hakoreshejwe interineti ya SATA III, ifite umurongo ntarengwa wa 6Gbps.
Nubwo iyi interface igarukira mubijyanye n'umuvuduko, SATA SSDs itanga imikorere yiyongera cyane hejuru ya HDD, cyane cyane mubijyanye nigihe cyo gutangira, umuvuduko wo kohereza dosiye, nigihe cyo gupakira software.
C. Ibyiza bya SATA SSD
Ibiciro: SATA SSDs muri rusange birashoboka cyane ugereranije na NVMe SSDs, bigatuma biba byiza kubaka ingengo yimari.
Ubwuzuzanye bwagutse: Birashobora gukoreshwa muri sisitemu ishaje, harimo mudasobwa zigendanwa na desktop, zishyigikira interineti ya SATA.
Kwizerwa: Kimwe na SSDs zose, SSDs ya SATA iraramba kuruta HDD kubera kubura ibice byimuka.
D. Imipaka ya SATA SSD
Umuvuduko muto: Nubwo itanga imikorere yihuse kuruta HDDs, SATA SSDs ibuzwa numuyoboro mugari wa SATA III, igabanya umuvuduko wo gusoma / kwandika byihuta.
Ntabwo ari Byiza Kubikorwa Byinshi-Byakoreshejwe: Kubikorwa nka 4K gutunganya amashusho, gukina, hamwe namakuru aremereye yakazi, NVMe SSDs nuburyo bwiza.
3.NVMe SSD ni iki?
NVMe SSD (Non-Volatile Memory Express Solid-State Drive) ni ubwoko bwa disiki ikomeye-ikoresha protokole ya NVMe kandi ihuza binyuze kuri PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express). NVMe SSDs itanga imikorere ihanitse, ubukererwe buke, hamwe numuyoboro mwinshi kuruta bagenzi babo ba SATA, bigatuma bahitamo umwanya wambere kubikorwa byinshi.
A. Intangiriro kuri tekinoroji ya NVMe
Porotokole ya NVMe yakozwe kugirango ikoreshe byimazeyo ubushobozi bwa flash memory na PCIe. Bitandukanye na SATA SSDs, ikoresha interineti ya SATA III, NVMe SSDs ivugana na CPU binyuze mumihanda ya PCIe, itanga uburyo bwihuse bwo kohereza amakuru byihuse kandi nigihe cyo kwinjira.
Imigaragarire ya PCIe: NVMe SSDs ikoresha interineti ya PCIe, itanga umurongo mugari kandi itanga itumanaho ryihuse hagati ya SSD na kibaho.
Inzira nyinshi: NVMe SSDs irashobora gukoresha PCIe Gen 3 cyangwa PCIe Gen 4, hamwe na PCIe Gen 4 itanga umuvuduko wo kohereza amakuru agera kuri 16GT / s, ikarenza cyane interineti ya SATA III (6Gbps).
Kugera kuri CPU: Hamwe na NVMe, SSD ivugana neza na CPU, ikarenga protocole yububiko buhoro kandi ikagabanya ubukererwe.
C. Ibyiza bya NVMe SSD
Umuvuduko wo hejuru: NVMe SSDs irashobora kugera kumuvuduko wo gusoma ukurikirana kugeza kuri 7000MB / s hamwe no kwandika byihuta bigera kuri 5000MB / s, urenze kure umuvuduko wa SATA SSDs.
Umwanya muto: Turashimira guhuza bitaziguye na CPU, NVMe SSDs itanga ubukererwe buke ugereranije na SATA SSDs, bikavamo ibihe byihuse byo gusubiza kubisabwa.
Ubunini: NVMe irashobora gupima byoroshye na PCIe Gen 3 cyangwa PCIe Gen 4, bigatuma imikorere yihuta uko ikoranabuhanga rigenda ryiyongera.
D. Imipaka ya NVMe SSD
Igiciro kinini: NVMe SSDs muri rusange ihenze kuruta SATA SSDs kubera tekinoroji yabo igezweho kandi ikora neza.
Guhuza: Sisitemu zose ntabwo zishyigikira NVMe SSDs. Ugomba kwemeza ko ikibaho cya mama gifite umwanya wa M.2 cyangwa PCIe ifasha NVMe.
Iyo bigeze kumikorere, itandukaniro riri hagati ya SATA SSD na NVMe SSD ni ngombwa. Kumva uburyo ibi bisubizo byombi bigereranya bishobora kugufasha gufata icyemezo cyuzuye ukurikije ibyo ukeneye.
A. Gusoma bikurikiranye / Andika Imvugo
SSD: Umuvuduko ntarengwa wo gusoma wihuta wa SATA SSD mubusanzwe ni 550MB / s, hamwe numuvuduko wanditse ukurikirana kuva kuri 500MB / s kugeza 530MB / s. Iri ni iterambere ryibanze kuri HDD gakondo, ariko iracyari munsi yimikorere yatanzwe na NVMe SSDs.
NVMe SSDs: NVMe SSDs irusha cyane SATA SSDs, itanga umuvuduko wo gusoma ukurikirana kugeza kuri 7000MB / s hamwe no kwandika bikurikirana kugeza 5000MB / s. Ibi bituma biba byiza kubikorwa byibanda cyane nko gutunganya amashusho, gukina, no gutanga 3D.
B. Gusoma bisanzwe / Kwandika IOPS
SSD: Gusoma / kwandika IOPS (Kwinjiza / Ibisohoka Ibikorwa Kumasegonda) kuri SATA SSDs mubisanzwe ni 90.000 IOPS yo gusoma na 85.000 IOPS yo kwandika. Mugihe ibi ari iterambere ryinshi hejuru ya HDDs, biracyatinda kurenza NVMe SSDs mubihe aho ibikorwa byinjira bidasanzwe ari ngombwa.
NVMe SSDs: NVMe SSDs ni indashyikirwa mubikorwa byo gusoma / kwandika bidasanzwe, hamwe numero isanzwe ya IOPS irenga 500.000 IOPS kubisoma no kwandika. Ibi bituma NVMe SSDs ikwiranye cyane cyane nibisabwa cyane hamwe nibidukikije byinshi.
C. Igihe cyo gutinda no gusubiza
SSD: SATA SSDs mubusanzwe ifite ubukererwe bwa microseconds 30-50, iruta HDD, ariko iracyari hejuru ugereranije na NVMe SSDs.
NVMe SSDs: Hamwe na NVMe SSDs, ubukererwe burashobora kuba munsi ya microseconds 10-15, bigatanga ibihe byihuse kandi bikagabanya gutinda mubikorwa byinshi.
D. Imikoreshereze Yukuri-Isi
SSD: Nibyiza kuri comptabilite rusange, porogaramu zo mu biro, hamwe no gukina byoroheje.
NVMe SSDs: Ibyiza kumikino yohejuru cyane, gutunganya amashusho, gutanga 3D, no gutunganya amakuru manini.
5.Gereranya Ibiciro: NVMe SSD ikwiye ikiguzi cyinyongera?
Iyo ugereranije SATA SSD na NVMe SSD, kimwe mubitandukaniro bigaragara ni igiciro. NVMe SSDs muri rusange ihenze kuruta bagenzi babo ba SATA SSD, ariko kuzamura imikorere birerekana igiciro kiri hejuru? Reka tugabanye ibitekerezo kandi tugufashe guhitamo niba NVMe SSDs ikwiye gushorwa.
A. Igiciro cya SATA SSD vs NVMe SSD
SSD: Mubisanzwe, SATA SSDs itanga igiciro gito kuri gigabyte, bigatuma ihitamo neza kubakoresha kuri bije. Kurugero, 500GB SATA SSD ishobora kugura amadorari 40 - $ 60, ukurikije ikirango nicyitegererezo.
NVMe SSDs: Kurundi ruhande, NVMe SSDs igiciro cyinshi kubera imikorere yabo isumba iyindi no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryateye imbere. 500GB NVMe SSD irashobora kuva ku $ 60 - $ 120, hamwe na moderi ya 1TB akenshi igura amadorari 120 - $ 200 cyangwa arenga.
SATA SSDs nibyiza kubikorwa byibanze nkibikorwa byo mu biro, kubara rusange, no gukina byoroheje. Batanga imikorere yizewe kubiciro bihendutse.
NVMe SSDs tanga umuvuduko udasanzwe nubukererwe buke, ubigire amahitamo meza kubikorwa-biremereye, gukina, no guhanga ibintu. Niba uhora ukorana namadosiye manini, nko muguhindura amashusho cyangwa kwerekana 3D, umuvuduko mwinshi wa NVMe SSD urashobora kuzamura cyane imikorere yakazi.
C. Birakwiye Igiciro Cyiyongereye?
Kubakoresha Ingengo yimari: Niba ushaka ububiko buhendutse hamwe nibikorwa byiza kumirimo ya buri munsi, SATA SSD itanga agaciro gakomeye utarangije banki.
Kubakoresha Imbaraga: Niba ukeneye umuvuduko wihuse usaba porogaramu nkimikino cyangwa gutunganya amashusho yumwuga, NVMe SSD nigishoro cyiza, gitanga ejo hazaza-kandi nibikorwa rusange muri rusange.
Kurangiza, niba NVMe SSDs ifite agaciro kinyongera biterwa nibyo ukeneye byihariye. NVMe SSDs itanga imikorere yihuse ishobora kwerekana igiciro kubakoresha amashanyarazi, ariko SATA SSDs iracyatanga agaciro keza kubikorwa byinshi byibanze.
6. Koresha Urubanza: Igihe cyo Guhitamo SATA SSD cyangwa NVMe SSD
Guhitamo hagati ya SATA SSD na NVMe SSD biterwa ahanini nurubanza rwawe rukoreshwa nibisabwa. Mugihe byombi bitanga inyungu zikomeye kurenza HDD gakondo, gusobanukirwa imbaraga zabo birashobora kugufasha gufata icyemezo cyiza.
A. Igihe cyo Guhitamo SATA SSD
SATA SSD ni amahitamo meza kubakoresha bakeneye igisubizo kibitse cyigiciro cyihuse hamwe nibikorwa byihuse kuruta HDD ariko ntibisaba umuvuduko ukabije wa NVMe SSDs. Hano hari ibintu byiza kuri SATA SSDs:
Ibarura rusange: Kubikorwa nko gutunganya ijambo, gushakisha urubuga, no gukoresha itangazamakuru, SATA SSD itanga imbaraga zigaragara ugereranije na HDD idakeneye umuvuduko mwinshi wa NVMe.
Ingengo yimishinga yubaka: Niba wubaka PC ikoresha ingengo yimari cyangwa kuzamura mudasobwa igendanwa, SSDs ya SATA irakoresha amafaranga menshi mugihe ugitanga iterambere ryinshi mugihe cyo gutangira no kwihuta kwamakuru.
Gukina Umucyo: Ku bakinnyi basanzwe cyangwa abadashaka igihe gito cyo kwikorera, SATA SSD izamura imikorere yimikino hejuru ya HDD itarangije banki.
B. Igihe cyo Guhitamo NVMe SSD
NVMe SSD nibyiza kubakoresha bakeneye ububiko bukomeye. Izi drives zikwiranye neza nimirimo isaba umuvuduko ukabije nubukererwe buke. Suzuma NVMe SSD kuri ibi bikurikira:
Gukina: Kumikino yo murwego rwohejuru, NVMe SSDs igabanya cyane ibihe byimikino yimikino no kunoza imikorere mumikino, itanga uburambe bworoshye kandi bwitondewe.
Guhindura amashusho no gutanga 3D: Niba ukorana na dosiye nini ya videwo cyangwa ugakora 3D yerekana, byihuse gusoma / kwandika umuvuduko wa NVMe SSD birashobora kongera umusaruro mukugabanya igihe cyo gutegereza mugihe cyohereza dosiye no gutangiza porogaramu.
Imirimo yibikorwa byinshi: Kubuyobozi bwububiko, gutunganya amakuru manini, cyangwa indi mirimo iremereye, NVMe SSDs itanga umurongo mugari hamwe nubukererwe buke, bigatuma biba ngombwa muburyo bwo kubara cyane.
Kurangiza, guhitamo hagati ya SATA SSD na NVMe SSD biza kuri bije yawe nibikorwa bikenewe kubikorwa byawe byihariye. SATA SSDs irakoreshwa muburyo rusange, mugihe NVMe SSDs irusha abandi ibisabwa byinshi bisaba umuvuduko ukabije nubukererwe buke.
7.Gushiraho no guhuza
Mugihe uteganya kuzamura HDD cyangwa guhitamo hagati ya SATA SSD na NVMe SSD, kwishyiriraho no guhuza nibintu byingenzi. Buri bwoko bwa SSD bufite ibisabwa byihariye nuburyo bwo kwishyiriraho, bityo rero gusobanukirwa nibi bisobanuro byerekana neza.
SATA SSDs mubisanzwe byoroshye kuyishyiraho, bigatuma iba nziza kubakoresha kuzamura muri HDD cyangwa kubaka PC bije. Dore intambwe ku yindi:
Huza umugozi wa SATA: Koresha umugozi wa SATA III kugirango uhuze SSD kububiko bwawe.
Huza umugozi w'amashanyarazi: Ongeraho amashanyarazi ya SATA kuva mumashanyarazi yawe (PSU) kuri SSD.
Fata SSD: Shyira SATA SSD mumashanyarazi ya santimetero 2,5 cyangwa adapteri niba bikenewe.
Tangiza Drive: Umaze guhuza, tangiza SSD muri OS yawe (Windows, Linux, nibindi) kugirango ubike amakuru.
Guhuza: Ibiro byinshi bigezweho na mudasobwa zigendanwa zirahuza na SATA SSDs, kuko SATA III ni interineti ishyigikiwe cyane.
NVMe SSDs iraruhije gato gushiraho kubera gukoresha interineti PCIe. Dore uko washyiraho NVMe SSD:
Reba M.2 Ahantu haboneka: Menya neza ko ikibaho cyawe gifite M.2 kiboneka gishyigikira NVMe SSDs. Ibibanza byose M.2 ntabwo bishyigikira NVMe; bamwe bashyigikira gusa SATA M.2 SSDs.
Shyiramo SSD: Ongera witonze NVMe SSD mumwanya wa M.2 kumurongo muto (mubisanzwe dogere 30).
Kurinda SSD: Bimaze kwinjizwamo, shyira NVMe SSD hamwe na screw ntoya yatanzwe kububiko.
Hindura muri BIOS / UEFI: Urashobora gukenera gushiraho BIOS / UEFI kugirango umenye NVMe SSD.
Guhuza: Ntabwo sisitemu zose zishyigikira NVMe SSDs, cyane cyane ikibaho cyababyeyi. Reba neza kububiko bwa mama kugirango wemeze guhuza PCIe na M.2 NVMe.
Ikibaho: Menya neza ko ikibaho cyababyeyi gishyigikira SATA III cyangwa M.2 PCIe.
Sisitemu ikora: Windows na Linux zombi zisanzwe zishyigikira SATA SSDs na NVMe SSDs, ariko verisiyo ishaje ya Windows irashobora gusaba ivugururwa ryinkunga ya NVMe.
Umwanya ufatika: Emeza ikibazo cyawe gifite umwanya uhagije kubintu bya SSD (2,5-santimetero kuri SATA cyangwa M.2 kuri NVMe).
8.Ubuzima no Kuramba
Iyo ushora imari muri reta ikomeye (SSD), gusobanukirwa igihe cyayo nigihe kirekire ni ngombwa. SATA SSDs na NVMe SSDs zombi zitanga iterambere ryinshi hejuru ya HDD gakondo, ariko ubuzima bwabo burashobora gutandukana bitewe nibintu byinshi, harimo uburyo bukoreshwa nubwoko bwa NAND flash yibuka yakoreshejwe.
A. Ubwoko bwa Memory Flash yibuka
Ubuzima bwa SSD bugenwa cyane cyane nubwoko bwa NAND flash yibuka ikoresha. Hariho ubwoko butatu busanzwe:
SLC (Akagari kamwe kamwe): Kuramba cyane, kubika bito kuri selile. SLC SSDs ifite igihe kirekire cyo kubaho ariko ihenze kandi mubisanzwe iboneka mubidukikije.
MLC (Akagari ka Multi-Urwego): Ubika bits ebyiri kuri selile, zitanga impirimbanyi hagati yikiguzi nigikorwa. MLC SSDs ikoreshwa kenshi muri sisitemu yo hejuru.
TLC (Akagari ka gatatu) Ubika bits eshatu kuri selile. Mugihe TLC SSDs ihendutse kandi ikunze kuboneka mubyiciro byabaguzi-SATA SSDs, bafite igihe gito ugereranije na SLC cyangwa MLC.
QLC (Akagari ka kane) Ubika bits enye kuri selile, zitanga igiciro gito ariko kigabanya igihe kirekire. QLC SSDs ikoreshwa cyane cyane mubikorwa byingengo yimikoreshereze yabaguzi.
B. Andika kwihangana (TBW na DWPD)
Kwihangana kwandika kwa SSD akenshi bipimwa muri TBW (Terabytes Yanditse) cyangwa DWPD (Drive yandika kumunsi). Ibipimo byerekana umubare wamakuru ashobora kwandikwa kuri SSD mbere yuko itangira kwangirika. Dore ikigereranyo:
SSD: Mubisanzwe bitanga hafi 150-600 TBW bitewe n'ubwoko bwa NAND, bitanga igihe kirekire kubikorwa bya buri munsi.
NVMe SSDs: Mugihe NVMe SSDs ishobora gutanga amanota make ya TBW kubera imikorere yabo yo hejuru, itandukaniro riramba muri rusange ni rito kubakoresha bisanzwe.
C. Ibintu bigira ingaruka kuramba
Ibintu byinshi bishobora guhindura ubuzima bwa SSD, harimo:
Umurimo w'akazi: Gukomeza imirimo iremereye, nko gutunganya amashusho cyangwa gucunga ububikoshingiro, bizashira vuba vuba kuruta gukoresha urumuri.
Ubushyuhe: Ubushyuhe burashobora gutera ubushyuhe bwumuriro, kugabanya ubuzima rusange bwa SSD. SATA SSDs na NVMe SSDs byombi byunguka gukonjesha neza.
9.Imikorere myiza no gucunga neza ubushyuhe
Iyo uhisemo hagati ya SATA SSD na NVMe SSD, gukoresha ingufu no gucunga amashyuza nibyingenzi byingenzi, cyane cyane kubakoresha bashishikajwe no gukoresha amashanyarazi no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe. Ubwoko bwombi bwa SSD butanga ibyiza bitandukanye, ariko gusobanukirwa uburyo buri kimwe gikoresha ingufu nubushyuhe bishobora gufasha guhindura imikorere ya sisitemu muri rusange no kuramba.
SSDs ya SATA: Mubisanzwe, SATA SSDs ikoresha ingufu kurusha HDD. Nyamara, bakunda gukoresha imbaraga zirenze gato NVMe SSDs, cyane cyane mugihe kidafite akazi cyangwa gikoreshwa cyane. Ubusanzwe SATA SSD ikoresha hafi 2-4 watt munsi yumutwaro, ugereranije ni mike ugereranije na disiki gakondo.
NVMe SSDs: NVMe SSDs, nubwo yihuta kandi ikomeye, ikunda gukoresha imbaraga nyinshi, cyane cyane munsi yumutwaro uremereye. Ukurikije icyitegererezo, barashobora gukoresha hagati ya 3-8 watt mugihe cyo gukoresha impinga. Uku gukoresha ingufu nyinshi biterwa na interineti ya PCIe nibisabwa cyane.
Imicungire yubushyuhe ningirakamaro mugukomeza imikorere nubuzima bwa SSD iyariyo yose. Nka NVMe SSDs itanga imikorere ihanitse, bakunda kubyara ubushyuhe bwinshi. Gucunga neza amashyuza byemeza ko SATA SSDs na NVMe SSDs zikora neza nta gutereta kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi.
SSDs ya SATA: Izi drives mubisanzwe zitanga ubushyuhe buke ugereranije na NVMe SSDs kuko zifite igipimo gito cyo kohereza amakuru. Mugihe bidasaba ibisubizo binini byo gukonjesha, biracyasabwa kugira umwuka uhagije muri sisitemu kugirango ubushyuhe bwiza.
NVMe SSDs: Bitewe numuvuduko wihuse hamwe nakazi gakomeye, NVMe SSDs irashobora gushyuha cyane. Byinshi mubikorwa bya NVMe SSDs bizana ibyuma byubatswe cyangwa uburyo bwo gutera amashyuza kugirango bigabanye ibyago byo gushyuha. Ibisubizo bifatika byo gukonjesha nkabafana ba M.2 cyangwa PCIe gukonjesha birashobora gukomeza gufasha gucunga ubushyuhe.
Kubijyanye ningufu zingufu, SATA SSDs irakoresha imbaraga nkeya kugirango ikoreshwe muri rusange. Nyamara, NVMe SSDs itanga imikorere yihuse kubiciro byo gukoresha ingufu nyinshi no kubyara ubushyuhe. Guhitamo disiki ibereye biterwa nibikorwa byawe ukeneye kandi niba wifuza gushora imari mubisubizo byumuriro kugirango ibikorwa byihuse byihuse.
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