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PCIe vs NVMe: Itandukaniro irihe?
Imbonerahamwe
- 1. Intangiriro
- 2. PCIe ni iki (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express)?
- 3. NVMe ni iki (Express Memory Express)?
- 4. PCIe vs NVMe: Itandukaniro ryingenzi
- 5. Imikorere: PCIe na NVMe mubikorwa
- 6. Nigute Guhitamo Hagati ya PCIe na NVMe
I. Intangiriro
Mwisi yububiko bwamakuru, guhitamo tekinoroji ikwiye ningirakamaro mugukora neza. Babiri muburyo bukunze kugaragara muri mudasobwa igezweho ni PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) na NVMe (Memory Express itari Volatile). Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro ryabo nibyingenzi muguhitamo igisubizo kiboneye, waba urimo kuzamura PC ikina, kubaka aho ukorera, cyangwa guhitamo seriveri.
A. Incamake yubuhanga bwo kubika
Ibisabwa kububiko bwihuse kandi bwizewe bikomeje kwiyongera nkuko porogaramu nkimikino, gutunganya amashusho, hamwe no gutunganya amakuru manini bisaba umuvuduko mwinshi nubukererwe buke. Uburyo bwo kubika gakondo nka HDDs (Disiki Ikomeye) ndetse ndetse SATA SSDs (Igikoresho gikomeye cya Leta) ntishobora gukomeza kugendana nibikorwa bisabwa mubikorwa bigezweho.
PCIe ni intera isanzwe ituma itumanaho ryihuse hagati yibice nka CPU nibikoresho byo kubika.
NVMe, kurundi ruhande, ni protocole yubatswe byumwihariko kubikoresho bikomeye bya leta (SSDs), byashizweho kugirango bikoreshe ubushobozi bwihuse bwububiko bugezweho bwa flash.
2. PCIe ni iki (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express)?
PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) nigipimo cyihuta cyihuta cyerekana itumanaho hagati ya CPU, kwibuka, hamwe nibikoresho bitandukanye muri sisitemu ya mudasobwa. Bikunze gukoreshwa muguhuza ibikoresho nkamakarita yubushushanyo, amakarita yumurongo, nibikoresho byo kubika nka NVMe SSDs.
A. Ibisobanuro n'intego ya PCIe
PCIe yashizweho kugirango ikore amakuru menshi kumuvuduko mwinshi. Ninkingi yamakarita menshi yo kwagura no kubika ibikoresho bigezweho, bituma igipimo cyihuta cyo kohereza amakuru ugereranije nintera ishaje nka SATA cyangwa PCI.
PCIe ituma itumanaho ryinshi ryitumanaho, kugabanya ubukererwe no kongera imikorere muri sisitemu.
Imigaragarire ikoresha itumanaho ryuruhererekane aho guhuza itumanaho (nka PCI ishaje), itezimbere ubuziranenge bwibimenyetso kandi igafasha umuvuduko mwinshi.
B. Imirongo ya PCIe nubwihindurize
Habayeho verisiyo zitandukanye za PCIe, buriwese atezimbere kuri verisiyo yabanjirije mubijyanye no kohereza amakuru n'umuvuduko mwinshi:
PCIe 1.0: 2.5 GT / s (Gigatransfers ku isegonda) kumurongo, itanga 250 MB / s yumurongo.
PCIe 2.0: 5.0 GT / s kumurongo, gukuba kabiri umurongo wa 500 MB / s.
PCIe 3.0: 8.0 GT / s kumurongo, itanga 1 GB / s yumurongo mugari.
PCIe 4.0: 16.0 GT / s kumurongo, itanga umurongo wa 2 GB / s.
PCIe 5.0: 32.0 GT / s kumurongo, itanga umurongo wa 4 GB / s.
| PCIe | Igipimo cyo kohereza amakuru (GT / s) | Umuyoboro mugari kuri buri murongo |
|---|---|---|
| PCIe 1.0 | 2.5 GT / s | 250 MB / s |
| PCIe 2.0 | 5.0 GT / s | 500 MB / s |
| PCIe 3.0 | 8.0 GT / s | 1 Gbps |
| PCIe 4.0 | 16.0 GT / s | 2 Gbps |
| PCIe 5.0 | 32.0 GT / s | 4 Gbps |
C. Uburyo PCIe ikora: Umuhanda n'umuyoboro mugari
PCIe ikora ikoresheje inzira, ninzira zinyuramo amakuru. Buri murongo ugizwe na joriji ebyiri: imwe yo kohereza indi yo kwakira amakuru. Ibikoresho birashobora gukoresha imibare itandukanye:
x1: Umuhanda umwe
x4: Inzira enye
x8: Inzira umunani
x16: Imirongo cumi n'itandatu (ikunze gukoreshwa ku ikarita ishushanya)
Umubare w'inzira ugena umurongo rusange, bityo ibikoresho bifite inzira nyinshi, nka GPUs, birashobora kohereza amakuru menshi icyarimwe, bigatanga imikorere myiza mugusaba porogaramu nko gukina no kwerekana 3D.
D. Ibyiza bya PCIe kubikoresho byo kubika
Iyo ikoreshejwe mububiko, PCIe itanga inyungu zingenzi kurenza intera ishaje nka SATA:
Kwihuta kwihererekanya ryamakuru, biganisha ku kunoza igihe cyo gutangira no kohereza dosiye byihuse.
Ubunini: Ibibanza bya PCIe birashobora gushyigikira ibikoresho byinshi, bikemerera gukora cyane.
Ubukererwe buke: PCIe igabanya igihe bifata kugirango amakuru agende hagati yibikoresho, bigatuma biba byiza kuri NVMe SSDs.
Mugukoresha PCIe, ibikoresho byububiko bugezweho nka NVMe SSDs birashobora kugera kumuvuduko mwinshi kuruta tekinoroji ishaje, bigahindura imikorere ya comptabilite mubice bitandukanye, kuva kumikino kugeza kubika amakuru yimishinga.
3.Ni iki NVMe (Express Memory Express)?
| NVMe | Igipimo cyo kohereza amakuru | Ibintu by'ingenzi |
|---|---|---|
| NVMe 1.1 | Kugera kuri 2 GB / s | Irekurwa ryambere, inkunga yibanze kuri PCIe 3.0 |
| NVMe 1.2 | Kugera kuri 3.5 GB / s | Kunoza amabwiriza yashyizweho, gucunga neza ingufu |
| NVMe 1.3 | Kugera kuri 4 GB / s | Kugenzura neza ubushyuhe no kongera umutekano |
| NVMe 1.4 | Kugera kuri 5 GB / s | Kongera umurongo wumurongo, kunonosora amakosa |
| NVMe 2.0 | Kugera kuri 7 GB / s | Shyigikira PCIe 4.0 / 5.0, ubunini bwiza bwo gukoresha imishinga |
4.PCIe vs NVMe: Itandukaniro ryingenzi
Imikorere: PCIe na NVMe mubikorwa
| Ikoranabuhanga mu bubiko | Soma Umuvuduko | Andika Umuvuduko | Ubukererwe |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCIe 3.0 SSD | 3-4 GB / s | 2-3 GB / s | Hasi |
| PCIe 4.0 SSD | 5-7 GB / s | 4-6 GB / s | Hasi cyane |
| NVMe (PCIe 3.0) | 3-4 GB / s | 2-3 GB / s | Ultra Hasi |
| NVMe (PCIe 4.0) | 7-10GB / s | 5-7 GB / s | Birakabije |
Nigute ushobora guhitamo hagati ya PCIe na NVMe?
| Ikiranga | PCIe (idafite NVMe) | PCIe NVMe SSD |
|---|---|---|
| Umuvuduko wo kohereza amakuru | Guciriritse (kugeza kuri 2-3 GB / s) | Hejuru cyane (kugeza 7 GB / s) |
| Ubukererwe | Hejuru | Hasi |
| Ubujyakuzimu | Ntarengwa | Hejuru (ishyigikira parallelism) |
| Igiciro | Birenzeho | Igiciro cyo hejuru |
| Guhuza | Mugari (uhuza na sisitemu nyinshi) | Irasaba ibyuma bya NVMe |
C. Igiciro va Imikorere
PCIe NVMe SSDs muri rusange ihenze cyane kubera ikoranabuhanga ryabo ryateye imbere hamwe nibikorwa byiza. Nyamara, inyungu-yihuta irashobora kwerekana ikiguzi kubakoresha ingufu nibidukikije, cyane cyane kuri inganda za mudasobwa ibyo bisaba ibyuma bikora cyane.
PCIe SSDs idafite NVMe irashobora gutanga umusaruro ushimishije kuri SATA SSDs, bigatuma bahitamo neza kubakoresha ingengo yimari cyangwa abafite ibyo bakeneye. Ihitamo naryo rirakunzwe kuri inganda PC hamwe na NVIDIA GPU sisitemu iringaniza imikorere nigiciro.
D. Ibihe bizaza
Niba ushaka tekinoroji-yigihe kizaza, NVMe niyo yatsinze neza. Nkuko porogaramu zisaba gutunganya amakuru byihuse, PCIe NVMe SSDs izakomeza guhinduka kandi itange n'umuvuduko mwinshi hamwe na PCIe 4.0 / 5.0. Ibi bituma bahitamo neza kubucuruzi bashaka abakora mudasobwa mu nganda kugirango uhuze ibyifuzo byigihe kizaza cya porogaramu. Benshi inganda zikora mudasobwa usanzwe ushyigikire tekinoroji kugirango ugume imbere yumurongo.
E. Umwanzuro: Hitamo neza ibyo ukeneye
Hitamo PCIe NVMe niba ukeneye imikorere ntarengwa kubikorwa nko gukina, gukora amashusho, cyangwa kubara cyane, cyane cyane iyo ukoresheje Amashanyarazi ya PC yinganda ibyo byashizweho kubidukikije bisabwa cyane.
Hitamo PCIe SSD idafite NVMe niba ukeneye ububiko bwihuse kuruta SATA SSDs gakondo ariko ntusabe umuvuduko wo murwego rwo hejuru nubukererwe buke butangwa na NVMe. A. 4U mudasobwa irashobora gutanga igisubizo cyiza cyane utabangamiye imikorere yingenzi yo kubika.
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