Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zokuGcinwa kweKhompyutha yangaphakathi

Icomputing yanamhlanje ixhomekeke kakhulu kwi ukugcinwa kwekhompyuter yangaphakathi ukulawula idatha, ukuqhuba izicelo, kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo yenkxaso. Nokuba wakha inkqubo entsha, uphucula endala, okanye wenza ngcono ukusebenza, ukuqonda okwahlukileyo iintlobo zokugcina zangaphakathi ibalulekile.

Ugcino lwangaphakathi lubhekisa kuso nasiphi na isixhobo sogcino lwedatha efakwe ngaphakathi kwikhompyuter, njenge hard disk drive (HDD), i-slid-state drive (SSD), NVMe ukuqhuba, okanye hybrid drive (SSHD). Uhlobo ngalunye lusebenza ngenjongo ekhethekileyo kwaye luyahluka isantya, ukuqina, iindleko, kwaye umthamo.

iiHard Disk Drives (HDDs)

iiHard Disk Drives (HDDs) yenye yezona ndlela zindala kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu ukugcinwa kwekhompyuter yangaphakathi. Ukuxhomekeka iteknoloji yokugcina magnetic, ii-HDD zisebenzisa iipleyiti ezijikelezayo kunye nentloko yokufunda / ukubhala ngomatshini ukugcina nokubuyisela idatha. Nangona itekhnoloji entsha ifana ii-SSD bathathe indawo yokujonga isantya, iiHDD zihlala zithandwa ngenxa yazo ukufikeleleka kwaye amandla amakhulu okugcina.

I-HDD ngokuqhelekileyo idibanisa nge-a Ujongano lweSATA, enikezela ngezakhono ukusuka kwi 500GB ukuya ngaphezulu kwe-20TB. Uninzi lwabathengi baqhuba bajikeleza nokuba kukuphi 5400 RPM okanye 7200 RPM, kunye nee-RPM eziphezulu ezinikezela ukusebenza okungcono. Nangona ii-HDD zicotha kune-SSD ngokwemiqathango isantya sokufunda/sokubhala, zilungele ukugcina iifayile ezinkulu njenge iividiyo, iifoto, kwaye backups, apho isantya singabalulekanga kangako.

Izinto eziluncedo eziphambili kwiiHDDs:

• Iindleko eziphantsi ngegigabyte nganye, ezenza zilungele ukugcina isambuku

• Itekhnoloji eqinisekisiweyo ngokuhambelana okubanzi kwi desktops kunye nabancedisi

• Igqwesileyo yokugcina amaxwebhu kunye nokugcinwa okubandayo izicelo

Imida eqhelekileyo:

• Ufikelelo lwedatha olucothayo xa kuthelekiswa nee-SSD

• Amacandelo oomatshini ukwandisa umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli kunye nokwenza ingxolo

• Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu, ngakumbi kwi-3.5-intshi ye-desktop drives

Kwiinkqubo zanamhlanje, ii-HDD zihlala zisetyenziswa kwi Ulungelelwaniso lwedrive ezimbini, apho i I-SSD iphatha inkqubo yokusebenza kunye nezicelo, ngelixa i-HDD igcina enkulu, idatha efikelelekayo kancinci. Le ndlela ibonelela ngeendleko-esebenzayo balance of ukusebenza kunye namandla.

Nokuba uyakha iPC ugcino lwemidiya, ugcino lwedatha, okanye ukusetyenziswa kwenjongo jikelele, hard disk drives hlala uthembekile kwaye uyindlela yokugcina enoqoqosho phakathi koluhlu lwanamhlanje olwahlukileyo izixhobo zokugcina zangaphakathi.

Ii-Solid State Drives (SSDs)

Ii-Solid State Drives (SSDs) ibe yeyona nto iphambili kukhetho lwangoku ukugcinwa kwekhompyuter yangaphakathi, enikezela ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza okumangalisayo xa kuthelekiswa nemveli iihard disk drives (HDDs). Endaweni yokusonta iipleyiti, ii-SSD zisebenzisa NAND flash memory ukugcina idata, yenza kwamsinyane kakhulu isantya sokufunda/sokubhala, i-latency ephantsi, kunye nokuphuculwa kwenkqubo yokuphendula.

Nokuba uyaqalisa na inkqubo yokwenza, ukuqaliswa kwezicelo, okanye ukudlulisa iifayile, ii-SSD zinciphisa kakhulu amaxesha okulinda. Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya SATA SSDs kwaye Ii-NVMe SSDs-eyokugqibela idibanisa nge PCIe interface kwi-ultra-high throughput kunye ne-overhead esezantsi.

IiNzuzo eziphambili zee-SSD:

• Amaxesha okuqalisa akhawulezayo kunye nokulayishwa kwesicelo

• Ukusebenza okuthe cwaka engenamalungu ashukumayo

• Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, ilungele iilaptops

• Ukuphuculwa kokuqina kunye nokumelana nokothuka

Ngelixa SATA SSDs ziyindawo enkulu yokungena, I-NVMe iyaqhuba nikeza ukusebenza kwinqanaba eliphezulu kubasebenzisi bamandla. Yabo M.2 ifomu factor ikwagcina indawo, izenza zidume kwiilaptops ezibhityileyo kunye needesktop ezixineneyo.

Nangona kunjalo, ii-SSD zidla ngokuba njalo zibiza kakhulu ngegigabhayithi nganye kunee-HDDs kwaye ziqhele ukufumaneka ngezakhono ezincinci-nangona esi sikhewu sincipha. Uninzi lwabasebenzisi badibanisa encinci SSD yangaphakathi ngesantya esikhulu HDD yokugcina, ukulungelelanisa ukusebenza kunye neendleko.

Ngamafutshane, ukuba ujonge umntu ophendulayo, ongawonga amandla, nothembekileyo isisombululo sokugcina sangaphakathi, i-SSD yi-investment-smart-investment-nokuba uphucula inkqubo endala okanye ukwakha into entsha ukusuka phezulu.

Ugcino lweNVMe lucacisiwe

Ukuba isantya yeyona nto iphambili kuwe, Ukugcinwa kwe-NVMe lutshintsho lomdlalo. Ngokufutshane kwi Non-Volatile Memory Express, Ii-NVMe SSDs ziyilelwe ukusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo isantya esiphezulu PCIe interface, enikezela ukusebenza okuphezulu kakhulu kunesiqhelo Ii-SSD ezisekelwe kwiSATA.

Ngokungafaniyo nee-SATA SSDs, ezisikelwe umda yi-AHCI protocol endala, iidrive ze-NVMe zisebenzisa umyalelo wangoku, olungelelanisiweyo olungiselelweyo. inkumbulo flash. Oku kubangela ukuba ukubambezeleka okusezantsi, Ngesantya amazinga okudluliselwa kwedatha, kwaye iphuculwe kakhulu igalelo/imveliso yokusebenza ngomzuzwana (IOPS)-ingakumbi kwimisebenzi ebandakanya izicelo ezininzi ngaxeshanye, ezifana nokudlala, ukuhlela ividiyo, okanye ukuqhuba oomatshini.

Kutheni i-NVMe igqamile:

• Isantya sokufunda/sokubhala ngokukhawuleza (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-7,000 MB/s ngePCIe Gen 4)

• Ukubambezeleka okuncinci, ilungele imisebenzi yexesha lokwenyani

• Compact M.2 form factor, igqibelele kulwakhiwo lwendawo

• Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okucuthiweyo, ngakumbi kwimo engasebenziyo

Nangona I-NVMe iyaqhuba zibiza kakhulu nge-GB nganye kune-SSD zemveli, ukonyuswa kokusebenza kufanelekile kubasebenzisi abafuna okona kulungileyo. Ziluncedo ngakumbi njengoko iidrive ze-boot okanye iidrive eziphambili kwiinkqubo apho isantya sibaluleke kakhulu.

Ngamafutshane, ukuba uyakha a PC esebenza kakhulu, uphuculo lwendawo yokusebenza, okanye ufuna nje eyona ikhawulezayo ukugcinwa kwekhompyuter yangaphakathi iyafumaneka namhlanje, Ii-NVMe SSDs kufuneka ibe phezulu kuluhlu lwakho.

Iidridi zeHybrid (SSHDs)

Iidridi zeHybrid, kwaziwa njenge Ii-SSHDs (Ii-Solid State Hybrid Drives), dibanisa ezona zizwe zibalaseleyo—Umthamo wokugcina HDD kwaye Ukusebenza kwe-SSD. Badibanisa ukujikeleza kwendabuko hard disk drive ngexabiso elincinci NAND flash memory, ukudala isisombululo sokugcina esihlakaniphile esilinganisa isantya, iindleko, kwaye umthamo.

Umbono ulula: iifayile kunye nedatha ofikelela kuyo rhoqo-njengeyakho inkqubo yokwenza, ii-apps, kunye neefayile zokuqalisa-zigcinwe kwindawo eqinileyo yokufikelela ngokukhawuleza. Ngeli xesha, iifayile ezininzi ezinjengeevidiyo, iifoto, kunye namaxwebhu ahlala kwi-HDD enkulu, ecothayo. Umlawuli webhodi ulawula ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba yeyiphi idatha egcinwe apho, engafuni ukungenelela komsebenzisi.

Izinto eziluncedo kwii-SSHDs:

• Amaxesha okuqalisa akhawulezayo kunye nokulayisha ifayile kuneHDD eziqhelekileyo

• Izakhono ezinkulu ngaphezu kwee-SSD ezininzi, ngexabiso elifikelelekayo

• Ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kwiinkqubo-kusebenzisa umgangatho Ujongano lweSATA

Iingqwalasela:

• Hayi ngokukhawuleza ukugcwala iidrive zemeko eqinileyo (SSDs)

• Inkumbulo enyiniweyo yeflash (ngokuqhelekileyo i-8GB–32GB)

• Inzuzo yokusebenza ixhomekeke kwiipateni zokusetyenziswa kunye ne-caching algorithms
  
  

Ii-SSHD ziluncedo kakhulu kwiilaptop okanye kwiidesktop apho abasebenzisi bafuna a isisombululo se-single-drive enika zombini amandla kunye nokusabela. Ngelixa ingeyiyo indawo egqibeleleyo yee-SSD ngokwesantya ekrwada, ziluphuculo oluluqilima ukusuka kwii-HDD zemveli-ingakumbi kubasebenzisi kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali.

Ukuba ukhangela i ugcino lwangaphakathi olunexabiso eliphantsi ukhetho olungancami ukusebenza kakhulu, i I-SSHD kufanelekile ukuqwalaselwa.

M.2 kunye nePCIe Interface Storage

Xa kufikwa kwizinto zanamhlanje ukugcinwa kwekhompyuter yangaphakathi, ezimbalwa iinguqulelo zibe nefuthe njenge M.2 ifomu factor kwaye i PCIe interface. Ngokudibeneyo, baye benza ukugcinwa kwesantya esiphezulu kungekuphela nje ngokukhawuleza kodwa kunye nokucwenga ngakumbi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle-ingakumbi kwiilaptops kunye neePC ezincinci.

Yintoni i-M.2?

M.2 yinto encinci, exande yogcino eyilelwe ukufaka endaweni emidala, imigangatho emikhulu efana 2.5-intshi SSDs. Idibanisa ngokuthe ngqo kwi motherboard, ukuphelisa imfuno yeentambo kunye nokunciphisa i-clutter ngaphakathi kwimeko. M.2 drives unokusebenzisa nokuba IIYURE okanye PCIe ujongano, kodwa iinzuzo zokwenyani zesantya ziza xa zidityaniswe nazo PCIe NVMe iiprothokholi.

PCIe Interface: Kutheni Kubalulekile

PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) lujongano olunesantya esiphezulu ngokwesiko olusetyenziswa kumakhadi emizobo kunye nezixhobo zokwandisa. Xa isetyenziswe kwindawo yokugcina-ingakumbi ngokusebenzisa Ii-NVMe SSDs-Inika into emangalisayo isantya sokufunda/sokubhala, ixhomekeke ku 7,000 MB/s kunye PCIe Gen 4, kwaye ngakumbi nge PCIe Gen 5.

Umahluko oPhambili: SATA vs. PCIe M.2

Iingqwalasela Ngaphambi kokuba Uthenge

• Jonga ukuhambelana kwebhodi yomama kuba M.2 kwiindawo zokubeka kunye PCIe imizila

• Qinisekisa ngokufanelekileyo ulawulo lobushushu, njengoko iidrive ezinesantya esiphezulu zinokubaleka zishushu

• Sebenzisa a isinki yobushushu ukuba i-M.2 drive yakho ayinayo

Kubasebenzisi abafuna amaxesha okuqalisa okukhawulezayo, ukuhanjiswa kwefayile kwangoko, kunye nokwakhiwa okucocekileyo, M.2 PCIe yokugcina ngumgangatho wegolide. Lukhetho oluhlakaniphileyo lwe abadlali, abadali, kunye nabani na owakha i-PC yobungqina bexesha elizayo.

Ulungelelwaniso loGcino kunye noPhuculo

Njengoko iimfuno zakho zekhompyuter zikhula, kufuneka neyakho uqwalaselo lokugcina lwangaphakathi. Nokuba wakha iPC entsha okanye ulungiselela inkqubo endala, ukwazi ukuba ungayilungisa njani kakuhle kwaye uphucule ugcino lwakho lunokwenza umahluko omkhulu ekusebenzeni kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

Ukuseta ii-Dual-Drive: Ezona ziPhambili zeHlabathi

Olunye ulungelelwaniso olusebenzayo yi a ukuseta kabini-drive-ukusebenzisa a Imo eqinileyo drive (SSD) njenge qhuba kunye a hard disk drive (HDD) yokugcina ubunzima. Oku kukunika amaxesha okuqalisa okukhawulezayo kombane kunye nokulayisha okugudileyo kwesicelo ngelixa unikezela ngegumbi elaneleyo leefayile ezinkulu ezinjengeefoto, iividiyo kunye nee-backups.

Izibonelelo zolungiselelo lwe-dual-drive:

• Isantya: I-SSD iphatha i-OS kunye nee-apps ezisetyenziswa rhoqo

• Umthamo: I-HDD igcina amaxwebhu, imidiya, kunye neenkqubo ezingasetyenziswa kakhulu

• Ukusebenza kweendleko: Kuphephe ukuhlawula ngokugqithisileyo ii-SSD ezinomthamo ophezulu

Uqwalaselo lweRAID

Kubasebenzisi abaphambili kunye neengcali, I-RAID (iReyi eNgafunekiyo yeeDiski eziZimeleyo) ukuseta kunokunyusa ukusebenza okanye ukongeza ukuphinda-phinda.

• RAID 0: Idatha yemigca yesantya, kodwa akukho ukunyamezela impazamo

• RAID 1: Idatha yezipili zokungafuneki

• IRAID 5/10: Ibhalansi phakathi kokusebenza kunye nokukhuselwa kwedatha

Gcina ukhumbula iRAID ihlala ifuna drives zangaphakathi ezininzi kunye nehardware ehambelanayo okanye abalawuli besoftware.

Iingcebiso zoPhuculo loGcino lwangaphakathi

• Jonga ukuhambelanaQinisekisa ukuba ibhodi yakho yomama ixhasa ujongano (SATA, PCIe, NVMe)

• Cola idrayivu yakho: Sebenzisa isoftware yekloni yokudluliselwa kwe-OS engenamthungo

• Jonga ii-thermals: Ii-SSD ze-M.2 zinokufuna i-heatsinks ukunqanda i-throttling

• Hlaziya i-BIOS: Ezinye iidrive ezintsha zinokufuna i-firmware okanye uhlaziyo lwe-BIOS

Nokuba ujonge isantya, umthamo, okanye ukuthembeka, ukulungisa eyakho ukugcinwa kwekhompyuter yangaphakathi ukuseta kuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yakho ihlala iphendula kwaye ilungile kwixesha elizayo.

Isiphelo kunye neeNgcebiso

Ukukhetha uhlobo olululo lwe ukugcinwa kwekhompyuter yangaphakathi kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezimbalwa eziphambili: iimfuno zakho zokusebenza, iimfuno zamandla okugcina, kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Njengoko siphononongile, uhlobo ngalunye lokugcina—HDD, I-SSD, NVMe, kwaye I-SSHD-Inika ibhalansi ekhethekileyo yesantya, ukuqina, kunye neendleko.

Ukuba usebenza ngebhajethi engqongqo kwaye ufuna indawo eninzi yeefayile, a hard disk drive (HDD) iselukhetho oluthembekileyo nolufikelelekayo. Kubasebenzisi abaxabisa isantya-njengabadlali, abadali bomxholo, kunye neengcali-iidrive zemeko eqinileyo (SSDs) nikeza amaxesha okuqalisa akhawulezayo kunye nokwenza izinto ezininzi ezigudileyo. Ngaba ufuna ukusebenza okuphezulu? Ii-NVMe SSDs kunye PCIe ujongano hambisa isantya esihamba phambili kwishishini kunye nokuphendula, ngakumbi kwiidesktop zanamhlanje kunye neelaptops.

Kwabo bafuna okuncinci kuzo zombini, hybrid drives (SSHDs) sebenza njengomgangatho ophakathi ondilisekileyo, udibanisa umthamo wokugcina iiHDDs kunye nenani elincinci lememori yeflash ukufikelela ngokukhawuleza kwiifayile ezisetyenziswa rhoqo.

Iingcebiso zokugqibela

• Abasebenzisi abaqhelekileyo kunye nomsebenzi weofisi: Khetha a SATA SSD ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokuphula ibhanki

• Imidlalo kunye noyilo lomsebenzi onzima: Khetha i I-NVMe SSD ngesantya esiphezulu ukufikelela data

• Ukugcinwa kwezinto ezininzi: Sebenzisa i HDD kwiilayibrari zemidiya, ii-backups, okanye iindawo zokugcina

• Indlela elungeleleneyo: Qwalasela a ukuseta kabini-drive (SSD + HDD)

• Uphuculo? Jonga rhoqo ifom factor (M.2, 2.5”) kunye ujongano (SATA vs. PCIe)

Ugcino lwangaphakathi ludlala indima ebalulekileyo kwindlela ekhawuleza ngayo nangokuchanekileyo inkqubo yakho eqhuba ngayo. Ngokucwangcisa kancinci kunye nokudityaniswa okufanelekileyo kweedrive, unokungqina inkqubo yakho kwixesha elizayo kwiminyaka ezayo.