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PCIe vs NVMe: Qhov txawv yog dab tsi?
Cov Lus Qhia
- 1. Taw qhia
- 2. PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) yog dab tsi?
- 3. NVMe (Non-Volatile Memory Express) yog dab tsi?
- 4. PCIe vs NVMe: Qhov txawv tseem ceeb
- 5. Kev Ua Haujlwm: PCIe thiab NVMe hauv Kev Ua Haujlwm
- 6. Yuav Ua Li Cas Xaiv Ntawm PCIe thiab NVMe
I. Kev Taw Qhia
Hauv lub ntiaj teb ntawm kev khaws cov ntaub ntawv, xaiv cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws. Ob qho kev xaiv ntau tshaj plaws hauv kev suav niaj hnub no yog PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) thiab NVMe (Non-Volatile Memory Express). Kev nkag siab txog lawv qhov sib txawv yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev xaiv txoj kev daws teeb meem, txawm tias koj tab tom hloov kho lub PC gaming, tsim lub chaw ua haujlwm, lossis ua kom zoo rau lub server.
A. Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm Storage Technologies
Qhov kev thov kom ceev thiab txhim khu kev qha khaws cia tseem nce ntxiv raws li cov ntawv thov xws li kev ua si, kev kho video, thiab kev ua cov ntaub ntawv loj yuav tsum muaj kev nrawm dua thiab qis dua latencies. Cov txheej txheem khaws cia zoo li HDDs (Hard Disk Drives) thiab txawm SATA SSDs (Solid-State Drives) tsis tuaj yeem ua raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm cov haujlwm niaj hnub no.
PCIe yog tus qauv kev sib txuas uas ua rau muaj kev sib txuas lus nrawm ntawm cov khoom xws li CPU thiab cov khoom siv cia.
NVMe, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog cov txheej txheem tsim tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom siv hauv xeev (SSDs), tsim los ua kom muaj peev xwm ceev ntawm cov niaj hnub flash cia.
2. PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) yog dab tsi?
PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) yog tus qauv kev sib txuas ceev ceev uas ua rau muaj kev sib txuas lus ntawm CPU, nco, thiab ntau yam khoom siv kho vajtse hauv lub computer. Nws feem ntau yog siv los txuas cov khoom siv xws li daim npav duab, daim npav network, thiab cov khoom siv khaws cia zoo li NVMe SSDs.
A. Kev txhais thiab Lub Hom Phiaj ntawm PCIe
PCIe yog tsim los tswj cov ntaub ntawv loj ntawm kev kub ceev. Nws yog lub hauv paus rau feem ntau cov ntawv nthuav dav niaj hnub thiab cov khoom siv cia, ua kom cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv sai dua piv rau cov laus interfaces xws li SATA lossis PCI.
PCIe ua kom muaj kev sib txuas lus siab-bandwidth, txo qis latency thiab ua kom tag nrho cov kev ua tau zoo.
Lub interface siv kev sib txuas lus serial es tsis txhob sib txuas lus sib txuas (xws li PCI qub), uas txhim kho cov teeb liab kev ncaj ncees thiab ua kom muaj kev nrawm dua.
B. PCIe Versions thiab Lawv Evolution
Muaj ntau ntau versions ntawm PCIe, txhua qhov kev txhim kho raws li yav dhau los version ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hloov ceev thiab bandwidth:
PCIe 1.0: 2.5 GT / s (Gigatransfers ib ob) ib txoj kab, muab 250 MB / s ntawm bandwidth.
PCIe 2.0: 5.0 GT / s ib txoj kab, ob npaug ntawm bandwidth mus rau 500 MB / s.
PCIe 3.0: 8.0 GT / s ib txoj kab, muab 1 GB / s ntawm bandwidth.
PCIe 4.0: 16.0 GT / s ib txoj kab, muab 2 GB / s bandwidth.
PCIe 5.0: 32.0 GT / s ib txoj kab, muab 4 GB / s bandwidth.
| PCIe Version | Tus lej Hloov Cov Ntaub Ntawv (GT/s) | Bandwidth ib txoj kab |
|---|---|---|
| PCIe 1.0 | 2.5 TSI GT/s | 250 MB / s |
| PCIe 2.0 | 5.0 TSI GT/s | 500 MB/s |
| PCIe 3.0 | 8.0 TSI / GT | 1gbps ua |
| PCIe 4.0 | 16.0 TSI GT/s | 2gbps ua |
| PCIe 5.0 | 32.0 TSI GT/s | 4gbps ua |
C. Yuav Ua Li Cas PCIe Ua Haujlwm: Txoj kab thiab Bandwidth
PCIe ua haujlwm siv txoj kab, uas yog txoj hauv kev uas cov ntaub ntawv raug xa mus. Txhua txoj kab muaj ob khub ntawm cov xov hlau: ib qho rau xa thiab ib qho rau txais cov ntaub ntawv. Cov cuab yeej siv tau cov lej sib txawv ntawm txoj kab:
x1 :ib
x 4: 4 rwj
x 8: 8 rwj
x16: kaum rau txoj kab (feem ntau siv rau daim npav duab)
Tus naj npawb ntawm txoj kab txiav txim siab tag nrho cov bandwidth, yog li cov khoom siv nrog ntau txoj kab, zoo li GPUs, tuaj yeem hloov cov ntaub ntawv ntau dua ib txhij, muab kev ua tau zoo dua hauv kev thov siv xws li kev ua si thiab 3D rendering.
D. Qhov zoo ntawm PCIe rau Cov Khoom Siv Cia
Thaum siv rau cov khoom siv cia, PCIe muaj qhov zoo dua qub dua li SATA:
Kev hloov cov ntaub ntawv ceev dua, ua rau kev txhim kho khau raj lub sijhawm thiab hloov cov ntaub ntawv sai dua.
Scalability: PCIe slots tuaj yeem txhawb nqa ntau yam khoom siv, tso cai rau kev ua haujlwm siab.
Tsawg latency: PCIe txo lub sijhawm nws siv rau cov ntaub ntawv mus ncig ntawm cov khoom siv, ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau NVMe SSDs.
Los ntawm kev siv PCIe, cov khoom siv niaj hnub no zoo li NVMe SSDs tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov nrawm dua li cov thev naus laus zis qub, hloov pauv kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev suav thoob plaws ntau yam, los ntawm kev ua si mus rau kev lag luam cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia.
3.NVMe (Non-Volatile Memory Express) yog dab tsi?
| NVMe Version | Cov Ntaub Ntawv Hloov Tus Nqi | Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb |
|---|---|---|
| NVMe 1.1 | Mus txog 2 GB / s | Kev tso tawm thawj zaug, kev txhawb nqa yooj yim rau PCIe 3.0 |
| NVMe 1.2 | Mus txog 3.5 GB / s | Txhim kho cov lus txib, kev tswj fais fab zoo dua |
| NVMe 1.3 | Mus txog 4 GB / s | Zoo dua thermal tswj thiab txhim khu kev ruaj ntseg |
| NVMe 1.4 | Txog li 5 GB / s | Nce kab qhov tob, txhim kho kev ua yuam kev |
| NVMe 2.0 | Mus txog 7 GB / s | Txhawb PCIe 4.0/5.0, scalability zoo dua rau kev siv lag luam |
4.PCIe vs NVMe: Qhov txawv tseem ceeb
Kev Ua Haujlwm: PCIe thiab NVMe hauv Kev Ua Haujlwm
| Cia Technology | Nyeem Ceev | Sau Ceev | Latency |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCIe 3.0 SSD | 3-4 GB / s | 2-3 GB / s | Tsawg |
| PCIe 4.0 SSD | 5-7 GB / s | 4-6 GB / s | Tsawg heev |
| NVMe (PCIe 3.0) | 3-4 GB / s | 2-3 GB / s | Ultra Tsawg |
| NVMe (PCIe 4.0) | 7-10 GB / s | 5-7 GB / s | Tsawg heev |
Yuav Ua Li Cas Xaiv Ntawm PCIe thiab NVMe?
| Feature | PCIe (tsis muaj NVMe) | PCIe NVMe SSD |
|---|---|---|
| Cov ntaub ntawv hloov ceev | Nruab nrab (txog 2-3 GB / s) | Siab heev (txog 7 GB / s) |
| Latency | Siab dua | qis |
| Queue Qhov tob | txwv | Siab (txhawb kev sib luag) |
| Nqe | Muaj Nqis | Hwm Tus Nqi |
| Kev sib haum xeeb | Broad (compatible nrog ntau lub tshuab) | Yuav tsum tau NVMe-tshaj kho vajtse |
C. Nqi vs. Kev ua tau zoo
PCIe NVMe SSDs feem ntau kim dua vim lawv cov thev naus laus zis thiab kev ua tau zoo dua. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txiaj ntsig kev kub ceev tuaj yeem ua pov thawj tus nqi rau cov neeg siv hluav taws xob thiab kev lag luam ib puag ncig, tshwj xeeb rau industrial khib computers uas yuav tsum tau muaj kev ua tau zoo hardware.
PCIe SSDs yam tsis muaj NVMe tseem tuaj yeem xa cov kev txhim kho tseem ceeb ntawm SATA SSDs, ua rau lawv muaj kev xaiv zoo rau cov neeg siv nyiaj txiag lossis cov neeg xav tau kev xav tau nruab nrab. Cov kev xaiv no kuj nrov rau muaj PC nrog NVIDIA GPU systems uas sib npaug kev ua haujlwm nrog tus nqi.
D. Yav Tom Ntej-Cov pov thawj
Yog tias koj tab tom nrhiav rau yav tom ntej-pov thawj thev naus laus zis, NVMe yog tus yeej meej. Raws li cov ntawv thov thov kom ua cov ntaub ntawv sai dua, PCIe NVMe SSDs yuav txuas ntxiv mus thiab xa cov kev nrawm dua nrog PCIe 4.0 / 5.0. Qhov no ua rau lawv xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau cov lag luam tab tom nrhiav industrial computer manufacturers kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov ntawv thov tiam tom ntej. Ntau industrial khib mount computers twb txhawb cov thev naus laus zis no kom nyob ua ntej ntawm qhov nkhaus.
E. Xaus: Ua qhov kev xaiv zoo rau koj cov kev xav tau
Xaiv PCIe NVMe yog tias koj xav tau kev ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws rau kev ua haujlwm xws li kev ua si, kev tsim video, lossis kev ua haujlwm siab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum siv Advantech muaj PCs uas yog tsim los rau cov kev xav tau tshaj plaws.
Xaiv PCIe SSD yam tsis muaj NVMe yog tias koj xav tau kev khaws cia sai dua li ib txwm SATA SSDs tab sis tsis xav tau qhov nrawm tshaj plaws thiab qis latency muab los ntawm NVMe. A 4U rackmount lub computer tuaj yeem muab cov kev daws teeb meem pheej yig dua yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau qhov tseem ceeb cia kev ua haujlwm.
Cov lus pom zoo:
Qhov txawv ntawm 5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 bluetooth yog dab tsi?
dab tsi yog tus tsav tsheb chipset
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