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PCIe vs NVMe: Yintoni umahluko?
Isiqulatho
- 1. Intshayelelo
- 2. Yintoni i-PCIe (i-Peripheral Component Interconnect Express)?
- 3. Yintoni i-NVMe (i-Non-Volatile Memory Express)?
- 4. I-PCIe vs NVMe: Iiyantlukwano eziphambili
- 5. Ukusebenza: I-PCIe kunye ne-NVMe kwi-Action
- 6. Indlela yokukhetha phakathi kwe-PCIe kunye ne-NVMe
I. Intshayelelo
Kwihlabathi logcino lwedatha, ukukhetha itekhnoloji efanelekileyo kubalulekile ekwandiseni ukusebenza. Ezimbini zezona zikhethwa zixhaphakileyo kwikhompuyutha yanamhlanje yiPCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) kunye neNVMe (Non-Volatile Memory Express). Ukuqonda umahluko wabo kubalulekile ekukhetheni isisombululo esifanelekileyo, nokuba uphucula iPC yokudlala, ukwakha indawo yokusebenza, okanye ulungiselela iseva.
A. Isishwankathelo soBugcisa boBugcisa
Imfuno yogcino olukhawulezayo noluthembekileyo luyaqhubeka nokukhula njengoko usetyenziso olunje ngemidlalo, ukuhlelwa kwevidiyo, kunye nokusetyenzwa kwedatha enkulu kufuna isantya esiphezulu kunye ne-latencies ephantsi. Iindlela zokugcina zemveli ezifana HDDs (Hard Disk Drives) kwaye nkqu Ii-SATA SSDs (Ii-Solid-State Drives) ayinakukwazi ukuhambelana neemfuno zentsebenzo yemisebenzi yanamhlanje.
PCIe ngumgangatho wojongano ovumela unxibelelwano olukhawulezayo phakathi kwamacandelo afana ne-CPU kunye nezixhobo zokugcina.
NVMe, kwelinye icala, iprotocol eyakhelwe ngokukodwa i-slid-state drives (SSDs), eyilelwe ukunyusa isantya esinokwenzeka sokugcinwa kweflash yanamhlanje.
2. Yintoni i-PCIe (i-Peripheral Component Interconnect Express)?
I-PCIe (i-Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) ngumgangatho wojongano olukwisantya esiphezulu esenza unxibelelwano phakathi kwe-CPU, inkumbulo, kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zehardware kwinkqubo yekhompyuter. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa izixhobo ezifana namakhadi emizobo, amakhadi enethiwekhi, kunye nezixhobo zokugcina ezifana ne-NVMe SSDs.
A. Inkcazo kunye nenjongo yePCIe
I-PCIe yenzelwe ukuphatha izixa ezikhulu zedatha ngesantya esiphezulu. Ingumqolo wamakhadi amaninzi okwandisa kunye nezixhobo zokugcina, okwenza ukuba amazinga okudlulisa idatha ngokukhawuleza xa kuthelekiswa nojongano oludala njenge-SATA okanye i-PCI.
I-PCIe yenza unxibelelwano lwe-bandwidth ephezulu, inciphise i-latency kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo iyonke.
I-interface isebenzisa unxibelelwano lwe-serial endaweni yonxibelelwano oluhambelanayo (njenge-PCI endala), ephucula ingqibelelo yesignali kwaye yenza isantya esiphezulu.
Iinguqulelo ze-PCIe kunye ne-Evolution yazo
Kubekho iinguqulelo ezininzi zePCIe, nganye iphucula kwinguqulelo yangaphambili ngokwesantya sokudlulisa idatha kunye ne-bandwidth:
I-PCIe 1.0: I-2.5 GT / s (i-Gigatransfers ngesibini) ngomzila ngamnye, inikezela nge-250 MB / s ye-bandwidth.
I-PCIe 2.0: I-5.0 GT/s ngomzila ngamnye, iphinda kabini i-bandwidth ukuya kwi-500 MB/s.
I-PCIe 3.0: I-8.0 GT / s ngomzila ngamnye, enikezela nge-1 GB / s ye-bandwidth.
I-PCIe 4.0: I-16.0 GT / s ngomzila ngamnye, ukubonelela nge-2 GB / s bandwidth.
I-PCIe 5.0: I-32.0 GT / s kwindlela nganye, enikezela nge-4 GB / s bandwidth.
| PCIe Version | Ixabiso lokuGqithisela iDatha (GT/s) | Ububanzi beNdlela nganye |
|---|---|---|
| I-PCIe 1.0 | 2.5 GT/s | 250 MB/s |
| I-PCIe 2.0 | 5.0 GT/s | 500 MB/s |
| I-PCIe 3.0 | 8.0 GT/s | 1Gbps |
| I-PCIe 4.0 | 16.0 GT/s | 2 Gbps |
| I-PCIe 5.0 | 32.0 GT/s | 4 Gbps |
C. Indlela i-PCIe eSebenza ngayo: Iindlela kunye nobubanzi be-Bandwidth
I-PCIe isebenza ngokusebenzisa iindlela, eziyindlela apho idatha idluliswa khona. Umzila ngamnye uquka izibini ezimbini zeengcingo: enye yokuthumela kunye neyokufumana idatha. Izixhobo zinokusebenzisa amanani ahlukeneyo eendlela:
x1: Indlela enye
x4: Iindlela ezine
x8: Iindlela ezisibhozo
x16: Iindlela ezilishumi elinesithandathu (ezidla ngokusetyenziswa kumakhadi emizobo)
Inani lemizila limisela i-bandwidth epheleleyo, ngoko ke izixhobo ezinemizila emininzi, njenge-GPUs, zinokudlulisela idatha eninzi ngaxeshanye, zinika ukusebenza okungcono kwizicelo ezifunwayo ezifana nokudlala kunye nokunikezelwa kwe-3D.
D. Izinto eziluncedo zePCIe kwiZixhobo zokuGcina
Xa isetyenziselwa izixhobo zokugcina, i-PCIe ibonelela ngezibonelelo ezibalulekileyo kujongano oludala olunje ngeSATA:
Izantya ezikhawulezayo zokudlulisa idatha, ezikhokelela kumaxesha aphuculweyo okuqalisa kunye nokuhanjiswa kwefayile ngokukhawuleza.
Ukubaleka: I-PCIe slots inokuxhasa izixhobo ezininzi, ivumela ukucwangciswa kokusebenza okuphezulu.
Ukubambezeleka okuphantsi: I-PCIe inciphisa ixesha elithathayo ukuba idatha ihambe phakathi kwezixhobo, iyenze ilungele ii-NVMe SSDs.
Ngokusebenzisa i-PCIe, izixhobo zale mihla zogcino ezifana nee-NVMe SSDs zinokufikelela kwisantya esiphezulu kunobuchwepheshe obudala, ziguqula ukusebenza kwekhompyuter kuzo zonke iinkalo ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kumdlalo ukuya kugcino lwedatha yeshishini.
3.Yintoni i-NVMe (i-Non-Volatile Memory Express)?
| Inguqulelo yeNVMe | Ireyithi yokuGqithisela ngeDatha | Ezona mpawu |
|---|---|---|
| I-NVMe 1.1 | Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2 GB/s | Ukukhutshwa kokuqala, inkxaso esisiseko yePCIe 3.0 |
| I-NVMe 1.2 | Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-3.5 GB/s | Iseti yomyalelo ephuculweyo, ulawulo lwamandla olungcono |
| I-NVMe 1.3 | Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-4 GB/s | Ulawulo olungcono lobushushu kunye nokhuseleko olongeziweyo |
| I-NVMe 1.4 | Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-5 GB/s | Ukunyuswa kobunzulu bomgca, ukulungiswa kweempazamo eziphuculweyo |
| I-NVMe 2.0 | Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-7 GB/s | Ixhasa i-PCIe 4.0/5.0, i-scalability engcono yokusetyenziswa kweshishini |
I-4.PCIe vs NVMe: Iiyantlukwano eziphambili
Ukusebenza: I-PCIe kunye ne-NVMe kwi-Action
| ITekhnoloji yoGcino | Funda isantya | Bhala isantya | Ukubambezeleka |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCIe 3.0 SSD | 3-4 GB/s | 2-3 GB/s | Phantsi |
| PCIe 4.0 SSD | 5-7 GB/s | 4-6 GB / s | Isezantsi kakhulu |
| I-NVMe (PCIe 3.0) | 3-4 GB/s | 2-3 GB/s | Iphantsi kakhulu |
| I-NVMe (PCIe 4.0) | 7-10GB/s | 5-7 GB/s | Phantsi kakhulu |
Unokukhetha njani phakathi kwePCIe kunye neNVMe?
| Uphawu | I-PCIe (ngaphandle kwe-NVMe) | PCIe NVMe SSD |
|---|---|---|
| Isantya sokuGqithisela ngeDatha | Phakathi (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2-3 GB/s) | Phezulu kakhulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-7 GB/s) |
| Ukubambezeleka | Phezulu | Ngasezantsi |
| Ubunzulu bomgca | Ilinganiselwe | Phezulu (ixhasa ukuhambelana) |
| Ixabiso | Iyafikeleleka ngakumbi | Amaxabiso ePremium |
| Ukuhambelana | Ibanzi (iyahambelana neenkqubo ezininzi) | Ifuna ihardware ehambelana neNVMe |
C. Iindleko vs. Ukusebenza
Ii-PCIe NVMe SSDs zibiza kakhulu ngenxa yetekhnoloji yazo ephucukileyo kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, izibonelelo zesantya esiphezulu zinokuthethelela iindleko zabasebenzisi bamandla kunye neemeko zeshishini, ngakumbi iikhompyutha rack zoshishino ezifuna ihardware yokusebenza okuphezulu.
Ii-PCIe SSDs ngaphandle kwe-NVMe zisenokwenza uphuculo olubalulekileyo lwentsebenzo ngaphezu kwee-SATA SSDs, zizenze zibe lukhetho oluluqilima kubasebenzisi abaqaphela uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali okanye abo banemfuno ephakathi. Ezi zikhetho nazo zithandwa iPC yoshishino eneNVIDIA GPU iinkqubo ezilinganisa ukusebenza kunye neendleko.
D. Ubungqina bekamva
Ukuba ujonge itekhnoloji yobungqina bexesha elizayo, i-NVMe yeyona iphumeleleyo. Njengoko izicelo zifuna ukusetyenzwa kwedatha ngokukhawuleza, ii-PCIe NVMe SSD ziya kuqhubeka nokuvela kwaye zihambise isantya esiphezulu nge-PCIe 4.0/5.0. Oku kubenza babe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kumashishini akhangelayo abavelisi beekhompyutha zoshishino ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zesizukulwana esilandelayo sezicelo. Abaninzi i-industrial rack mount computers sele zixhasa ezi teknoloji ukuze zihlale phambi kwegophe.
E. Ukuqukumbela: Yenza Ukhetho Olululo kwiiMfuno Zakho
Khetha iPCIe NVMe ukuba ufuna ukusebenza okuphezulu kwimisebenzi efana nemidlalo, imveliso yevidiyo, okanye ukusebenza okuphezulu kwekhompyuter, ngakumbi xa usebenzisa. IiPC zoshishino ze-Advantech eziyilelwe ezona ndawo zinemfuno kakhulu.
Khetha i-PCIe SSD ngaphandle kwe-NVMe ukuba ufuna ukugcinwa okukhawulezayo kuneeSATA SSD zemveli kodwa awufuni isantya esiphezulu kunye ne-latency ephantsi enikezelwa yi-NVMe. A Ikhompyuter ye-4U ye-rackmount inokubonelela ngesisombululo esifikelelekayo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ekusebenzeni okubalulekileyo kokugcinwa.
Ncoma amaNqaku:
izibuko le-vga vs i-serial port
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 bluetooth?
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