Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa mudasobwa Ibitaro byinshi bikoresha?

Muri gahunda y'ubuvuzi ya none, mudasobwa ni ingenzi mu kwita ku barwayi no kunoza imikorere y'ibitaro. Sisitemu za mudasobwa z'ibitaro zateye imbere cyane, zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rishya mu guhindura umutekano n'imicungire y'amakuru y'ubuvuzi. Ibitaro ubu bikoresha sisitemu z'ikoranabuhanga mu gutunganya amakuru y'abarwayi, gukora neza, no kubahiriza amabwiriza.

Iyi nkuru ivuga ku bwoko bwa mudasobwa zikoreshwa mu bitaro. Tuzareba uburyo ikoranabuhanga rishya rihindura ubuvuzi.

• Mudasobwa ni ibikoresho by'ingenzi mu buvuzi bwa none.
• Inyandiko z'ubuzima zikoreshwa mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga zinoza imicungire y'amakuru y'abarwayi.
• Ibikorwa remezo by'ikoranabuhanga mu buvuzi ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo imikorere irusheho kuba myiza.
• Ingamba zo kurinda amakuru ni ingenzi mu kurinda amakuru y'abarwayi.
• Guhuza sisitemu bituma habaho imikoranire myiza mu buvuzi.

Ibitaro bikoresha sisitemu nyinshi za mudasobwa kugira ngo binoze ubuvuzi n'imikorere. Izi sisitemu zifasha mu gucunga amakuru, kongera imikorere, no kubahiriza amabwiriza y'ubuzima. Dore incamake y'izi sisitemu z'ingenzi za mudasobwa zituma ibitaro bikora neza.

Sisitemu z'ikoranabuhanga zo kubika amakuru ku buzima (EHR)

Sisitemu za EHR ni ingenzi cyane mu bitaro. Zibika inyandiko zose z'abarwayi ahantu hamwe, bigatuma abaganga borohereza guhanahana no kubona amakuru y'ingenzi y'abarwayi vuba.

Bigabanya kandi amakosa mu mpapuro. Byongeye kandi, bifasha mu gusesengura amakuru y’ubuzima. Ibi bituma ubuvuzi burushaho kuba bwiza kandi bugakorwa neza kurushaho.

Sisitemu zo gufotora no gukoresha amashusho mu buvuzi

Sisitemu zo gufata amashusho y’ubuvuzi, nka PACS, ni ingenzi mu kubika no gusangira amashusho y’ubuvuzi. Zoroshya gusuzuma indwara binyuze mu kubona amashusho y’ubuziranenge vuba. Ibitaro bikoresha ubu buryo bitanga ubuvuzi bwiza ku barwayi binyuze mu mashusho asobanutse neza no kunoza imikoranire.

Sisitemu z'amakuru ya laboratwari

Sisitemu z'amakuru za laboratwari zituma imikorere ya laboratwari igenda neza. Zifasha gutanga ibisubizo bya laboratwari neza kandi vuba. Mu guhuza izi sisitemu n'inyandiko z'ubuzima zikoresha ikoranabuhanga (EHRs), ibitaro bigenzura ko abaganga babona amakuru nyayo vuba.

Sisitemu zo gucunga farumasi

Sisitemu zo gucunga farumasi zifasha mu gucunga imiti n'ububiko bw'ibikoresho. Zigabanya amakosa kandi zinoza imikorere muri farumasi. Zikurikirana ububiko bw'ibikoresho mu gihe nyacyo kandi zigatuma habaho itumanaho ryiza hagati y'abafarumasi n'abaganga. Ibi ni ingenzi ku mutekano w'abarwayi.

Muri gahunda y’ubuvuzi ya none, intsinzi y’ibitaro ishingiye cyane ku bikoresho bikora neza. Mudasobwa zo kwa muganga ni ingenzi kuri ibi kandi zagenewe kwihanganira imimerere mibi iboneka mu bitaro. Zikora imirimo y’ingenzi nko gukora inyandiko z’ubuzima zikoresha ikoranabuhanga (EHRs) no gukora amashusho akomeye y’ubuvuzi.

Ishingiro ry'izi ntambwe ni umuyoboro w'ibitaro. Uhuza amakuru y'ingenzi y'abarwayi mu mashami atandukanye. Uyu muyoboro ushyigikira sisitemu z'insinga n'izidafite insinga, worohereza guhanahana amakuru hagati y'amatsinda y'abaganga. Ikoranabuhanga rya telefoni zigendanwa ryahinduye ubuvuzi bw'abarwayi, rituma bakurikiranwa vuba kandi bakabona amakuru y'ubuzima.

Ibitaro bikoresha ibigo bitanga amakuru kugira ngo bibike kandi bicunge neza amakuru menshi y’ingenzi. Ibi bigo bifite seriveri n’ububiko bw’ibikoresho ku bikoresho byinshi. Kuvugurura ibikoresho byongera uburyo ibitaro bikora kandi bigafasha abarwayi neza. Urugero, seriveri nziza bivuze ko amakuru yihuta, bigafasha abaganga gusuzuma indwara vuba.

• Mudasobwa zo kwa muganga: Ni ngombwa kugira ngo umurwayi agire umutekano kandi amenye neza amakuru ye.
• Ibikorwa remezo by'ibitaro: Bituma habaho itumanaho ryizewe no guhanahana amakuru.
• Ibikoresho by'ubuzima bigendanwa: Gufasha abakora mu by'ubuvuzi kwita ku gihe.
• Ibigo by'amakuru by'ibitaro: Ihuriro rikuru rishinzwe gucunga neza amakuru n'umutekano.

Buri gikoresho cyose ni ingenzi mu gutanga ubuvuzi bwo ku rwego rw'isi. Ibi bigaragaza akamaro ko kunoza ikoranabuhanga buri gihe.

Ikarita isanzwe yo gukoresha interineti (NIC) igizwe n'ibice byinshi by'ingenzi. Ibi bice bya NIC bidufasha gusobanukirwa no gukemura ibibazo by'umuyoboro. Binagira uruhare mu kunoza imikorere y'umuyoboro muri rusange.

Chip y'urusobe rw'itumanaho ni umutima w'ikarita ya interineti. Itunganya amakuru kandi ikanavugana na sisitemu y'imikorere ya mudasobwa. Iyi chip ni ingenzi cyane ku muvuduko n'imikorere myiza ya interineti.

Imiterere ya NIC Nanone harimo na firmware. Iyi porogaramu igenzura ko ibikoresho bikora neza. Ikemura ibibazo byo kohereza amakuru no kuyakemura.

Kwibuka ni ingenzi mu kubika amakuru mu gihe gito. Ibi bifasha mu gutunganya, kohereza no kwakira amakuru. Ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'imiterere y'ibikoresho bya interineti.

Buri karita y'umuyoboro ifite aderesi ya MAC yihariye. Iyi aderesi ikoreshwa mu kumenya amakuru muri network. Ni ngombwa kwemeza ko amakuru agera aho aherereye.

Imibanire nka za ports za Ethernet cyangwa antene za Wi-Fi zihuza ikarita y'umuyoboro n'umuyoboro. Gusobanukirwa izi miyoboro ni ingenzi kugira ngo imicungire myiza y'umuyoboro igenzurwe neza.

Umutekano w'ikoranabuhanga mu buvuzini ingenzi kurushaho, kimwe no kurinda amakuru y'abarwayi.

Urwego rw'ubuvuzi ruhanganye n'ibibazo bikomeye by'umutekano w'ikoranabuhanga, birimo kwiyongera kwa virusi itera SIDA, ubujura bw'amakuru, n'ibibazo by'abantu badafite aho bahuriye nabyo. Kugira ngo babirwanye, bakoresha imbaraga zikomeye.Porogaramu yo kubahiriza ikoranabuhanga yagenewe ubuvuziIyi porogaramu ifasha kubahiriza amabwiriza y'umutekano no kurinda amakuru y'abarwayi ku buryo budakwiye.

Ibitaro bigomba kandi gukurikiza amabwiriza meza kugira ngo bigenzure ko byubahirizwa. Ibi bisaba igenzura ryimbitse no gucunga neza ingaruka. Dore bimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bigize gahunda ikomeye y'umutekano:

• Igenzura rihoraho ry'umutekano kugira ngo hamenyekane intege nke
• Amahugurwa y'abakozi ku bijyanye no kurinda amakuru
• Gahundakugira ngo hafatwe ingamba vuba nyuma yo kurenga ku mategeko
• Kwemeza ibintu byinshi kugira ngo wongere umutekano wo kwinjira

Ingero z'ibintu bifatika zigaragaza impamvuUmutekano w'amakuru ni ingenzi cyane mu buvuziItangazamakuru ryakorewe mu bitaro bikomeye ryagaragaje ibihumbi by'abarwayi, bitera igihombo gikomeye mu by'imari no mu izina. Ibi bigaragaza akamaro kaGukurikiza amategeko ya HIPAAno kuguma ku isonga mu kurinda umutekano w'ikoranabuhanga.

Guha umuco wo kwirinda ni ngombwa. Bifasha mu gukomeza kwizerana kw'abarwayi. Mu gukoresha porogaramu nziza yo kubahiriza ikoranabuhanga mu buvuzi no gukurikirana ibibangamira umutekano w'ikoranabuhanga mu buvuzi, imiryango y'ubuvuzi ishobora kurinda amakuru y'ibanga no kubahiriza amabwiriza.

Bitewe n'ikoranabuhanga rishya, isi y'ubuvuzi izahinduka cyane. Ishami rishinzwe ikoranabuhanga mu bicu (cloud computing) ni ingingo ikomeye mu buvuzi. Yoroshya kubika no gusangira amakuru y'abarwayi mu buryo butandukanye.

Ibitaro byinshi birimo gukoresha uburyo bwa "cloud". Ibi byoroshya ubufatanye kandi bigatanga umusanzu mu gushyiraho uburyo bwiza kuri buri wese, biganisha ku musaruro mwiza mu buvuzi. Ibikoresho nk'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi bikenerwa igihe cyose (ODMs) ni ibikoresho by'ingenzi mu buvuzi bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga, bifasha mu kugenda no koroshya ikoreshwa mu buvuzi.

Byongeye kandi, serivisi z'ubuzima zigendanwa n'ubuvuzi bwa telemedicine birimo guhindura uburyo tubona ubuvuzi. Abarwayi ubu bashobora gusuzumwa bari mu rugo. Ibi bituma ubuvuzi burushaho kuba bworoshye kandi bunoroshye.

Ku barwayi n'abakozi bo kwa muganga bakeneye ibikoresho biramba mu bihe bigoye, hari amahitamo nka PC zikomeye zo mu bwoko bwa tableti (ODM) na PC z'inganda zikoresha tableti (OEM) ni inyongera z'agaciro ku bikorwa remezo by'ubuvuzi. Byongeye kandi, ku bikorwa byihariye nka navigation na GPS, tableti nziza zo gukoresha mu muhanda utari mu muhanda na ibinini bitagira amazi bifite GPS ni nziza cyane mu gukoresha hanze no mu buvuzi bwihutirwa.

Indi nzira ishimishije ni Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). Ibi bikubiyemo gukoresha ibikoresho bifite sensors kugira ngo bakusanye amakuru y'ingenzi ku buzima. Ibi bifasha abaganga kuvura neza ibibazo by'ubuzima kandi bigatuma ibitaro bigenda neza.

Uko iri koranabuhanga rikomeza gutera imbere, urwego rw'ubuvuzi ruzarushaho gukorana neza kandi rugire imikorere myiza. Ruzaba rufite ibikoresho byo guhangana n'ibibazo by'ejo hazaza, ariko nanone ruzanafasha abarwayi mu kwita ku rwego rwo hejuru.

Tableti nziza ku bashoferi b'amakamyo

Tableti nziza cyane yo gukoresha mu muhanda utari mu muhanda

Mudasobwa igendanwa yo gusuzuma imodoka