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serial RS232 Port ke eng?
2024-11-06 10:52:21
Boema-kepe ba serial ba RS232 ke mokhoa o tsebahalang oa puisano o lumellang phetiso ea data ea serial lipakeng tsa lisebelisoa. Tekanyetso ea RS232, e hlahisitsoeng pele ke Electronic Industries Association (EIA) lilemong tsa bo-1960, e ipakile e le bohlokoa bakeng sa ho hokahanya lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa data Terminal Equipment (DTE), joalo ka likhomphutha, le Lisebelisoa tsa Puisano ea Boitsebiso (DCE), joalo ka modem. Protocol ena e ne e le ea bohlokoa marang-rang a pele a likhomphutha mme e ntse e sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse ling tsa indasteri le lits'ebetso tse kenelletseng kajeno.
Tafole ea likateng
- 1. Bohlokoa ba Histori
- 2. Ke Hobane'ng ha RS232 e Lula e le Molemo?
- 3. Metheo ea puisano ea serial
- 4. RS232 Protocol E Hlalositsoe
- 5. RS232 e Sebetsa Joang?
- 6. Likopo tse Tloaelehileng tsa RS232 Ports
- 7. Phapano Pakeng tsa RS232, RS485, le RS422 Serial Ports.
- 7. Phapang Pakeng tsa RS232, USB, le Ethernet Ports
- 8. Melemo le Mefokolo ea RS232 Ports
Bohlokoa ba Histori
Pele ho USB le li-interfaces tse ling tsa lebelo le phahameng, likou tsa RS232 li ne li le bohlokoa bakeng sa ho hokahanya likhomphutha tsa motho le lisebelisoa tse kang liprinta, litoeba le polokelo ea kantle. Moralo oa RS232 o amohela puisano e felletseng, e lumellang data ho romelloa le ho amoheloa ka nako e le 'ngoe ka khokahanyo e tšoanang.
Ke Hobane'ng ha RS232 e Lula e le Molemo?
Ho sa tsotellehe ho phahama ha li-interfaces tse ncha, RS232 e ntse e le ea bohlokoa ka lebaka la bonolo, ho tšepahala, le ho lumellana le litsamaiso tsa lefa. Mohlala, mechini ea indasteri le lisebelisoa tsa bongaka li ntse li ts'epa lihokelo tsa RS232 joalo ka DB9 le DB25 ka lebaka la ho tšoarella ha tsona le boiketlo ba ho rarolla mathata.
Metheo ea puisano ea serial
Puisano ea serial ke mokhoa oa mantlha oa ho fetisa data lipakeng tsa lisebelisoa, moo tlhahisoleseling e romelloang hanyane hanyane ka mocha o le mong oa data. Mokhoa ona o fapana le puisano e tšoanang, e fetisang likotoana tse ngata ka nako e le 'ngoe ho pholletsa le mecha e mengata. Puisano ea seriale ea RS232 e tumme haholo ka lebaka la bonolo, ho ts'epahala, le bokhoni ba ho nka sebaka se selelele ho feta puisano e bapileng.
RS232 Protocol E Hlalositsoe
Protocol ea RS232 ke tekanyetso e sebelisoang haholo bakeng sa puisano ea data ea serial. E hlalositsoe ke Electronic Industries Association (EIA), e totobatsa litšobotsi tsa mochini, tsa motlakase, le ts'ebetso ea khokahanyo lipakeng tsa Lisebelisoa tsa Data Terminal Equipment (DTE), joalo ka komporo, le Lisebelisoa tsa Puisano ea Lintlha (DCE), joalo ka modem. Protocol ena e nolofalletsa phetiso ea data ka mocha o le mong, o ts'ehetsa puisano e felletseng ea duplex moo data e ka romelloang le ho amoheloa ka nako e le 'ngoe.
RS232 e sebetsa joang?
Tekanyetso ea RS232 e sebelisa mokhoa o otlolohileng bakeng sa phano ea data ea serial. Lintlha li fetisoa butle-butle ho tloha sesebelisoa se seng ho ea ho se seng ka pontšo e le 'ngoe e nang le litekanyetso tsa motlakase tse boletsoeng esale pele le mekhoa ea ho ts'oarana ka matsoho. Sebopeho sa RS232 se etsa hore se tšoanelehe bakeng sa puisano ea sebaka se selelele, e potlakileng pakeng tsa lisebelisoa tse hlokang mokhoa o tsitsitseng, o tšepahalang oa ho phalla ha data.
Protocol ea RS232 e sebetsa ka maemo a mats'oao a hlalositsoeng hantle, tlhophiso ea li-pin, le mekhoa ea taolo ea phallo. Tšebeliso ea eona ea ho qala le ho emisa li-bits ka mokhoa oa asynchronous e tiisa ho nepahala, ha hardware le software ea letsoho e thibela ho phalla ha data. Bokhoni ba ho romella data ka litekanyetso tse hlalositsoeng tsa baud ka litekanyetso tse hlakileng tsa motlakase li etsa hore RS232 e be khetho e tšepahalang, e matla bakeng sa puisano ea serial ho litsamaiso tsa lefa le tsa indasteri.
Likopo tse Tloaelehileng tsa RS232 Ports
Boema-kepe ba RS232 bo lula bo sebelisoa haholo ho pholletsa le lits'ebetso tse fapaneng tsa indasteri, tsa khoebo, le tse kentsoeng ntle le maemo a macha a puisano. Ho tšepahala ha eona, bonolo, le ts'ehetso ea puisano ea libaka tse telele li etsa hore RS232 e be ea bohlokoa haholo lits'ebetsong moo botsitso le boiketlo ba ho rarolla mathata li tlang pele.
Lisebelisoa tsa indasteri le tsa Khoebo
Libakeng tsa indasteri, likou tsa RS232 li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho hokahanya li-controller logic tse hlophisitsoeng (PLCs), li-sensor le lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa. Boema-kepe ba serial bo nolofalletsa phetisetso e tsitsitseng ea data lipakeng tsa lisebelisoa ho feta sebaka se selelele, se bohlokoa lifekthering, mehala ea kopano le lits'ebetso tsa taolo ea ts'ebetso. Mehlala e kenyelletsa:
Puisano ea PLC: E lumella ho laola mechine.
Sistimi ea SCADA: Tsamaiso ea Tsamaiso le Sistimi ea Phano ea Lintlha e itšetleha ka RS232 bakeng sa phetiso ea data e tšepahalang ho tsoa lisebelisoa tse hole.
Li-sensor tsa indasteri le lisebelisoa tsa ho lekanya: RS232 e netefatsa ho rekoa ha data ka nako e telele.
RS232 ho Khokahano ea Marang-rang le ea Modem
Li-modem le lisebelisoa tsa marang-rang e ne e le tse ling tsa batho ba pele ba ileng ba amohela RS232. RS232 e nolofalletsa puisano e felletseng, e lumellang data ho phalla ka mahlakoreng ka bobeli ka nako e le 'ngoe, e leng ntho ea bohlokoa likhokahanong tsa mehala.
Lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa sehlopheng sena li kenyelletsa:
Lihokelo tsa modem: RS232 e thusa puisano e tšepahalang lipakeng tsa likhomphutha le modem bakeng sa phetiso ea data mehala ea mohala.
Li-port consoles: Li-routers tse ngata li ntse li sebelisa RS232 bakeng sa tlhophiso ea pele le ho rarolla mathata ka phihlello ea console.
RS232 ho Sistimi e Kenyellelitsoeng
Bonolo ba RS232 bo e etsa hore e lokele li-microcontroller le lisebelisoa tse kentsoeng lits'ebetsong tse kang liroboto, li-automation le prototyping ea elektroniki. Litlhophisong tsena, RS232 e fana ka mokhoa o otlolohileng oa ho fetisa data lipakeng tsa litsamaiso tse kentsoeng le li-peripheral.
Khokahano ea Microcontroller: Li-microcontroller hangata li kenyelletsa likou tsa RS232 ho buisana le likhomphutha bakeng sa ho etsa mananeo le ho lokisa liphoso.
Sistimi ea taolo ea liroboto: RS232 e sebelisoa ho laola bakhanni ba likoloi, li-sensor le li-actuator ka liroboto.
Lisebelisoa tsa tlhahlobo: Lisebelisoa tsa tlhahlobo ea bongaka le tsa likoloi hangata li sebelisa RS232 ho fetisa lintlha tsa bohlokoa.
Phapang Pakeng tsa RS232, RS485, le RS422 Serial Ports
Lethathamo la Papiso: RS232 vs. RS485 vs. RS422| Tšobotsi | RS232 | RS485 | RS422 |
| Mofuta oa Letšoao | Qetello e le 'ngoe | Phapang | Phapang |
| Bohole bo phahameng | Ho fihlela ho 15 metres | Ho fihla ho 1200 metres | Ho fihla ho 1200 metres |
| Sekhahla sa Lintlha | Ho fihla ho 115.2 kbps | Ho fihlela ho 10 Mbps | Ho fihlela ho 10 Mbps |
| Mofuta oa Khokahano | Ntlha-ho-ntlha | Multi-drop (ho fihla ho lisebelisoa tse 32) | Ntlha-ho-ntlha kapa ho theoha hangata |
| Ho itšireletsa lerata | Tlase | Phahameng | Phahameng |
| Lisebelisoa | Litsamaiso tsa lefa, modem | Boiketsetso ba indasteri | Bongaka, lisebelisoa |
Phapang e kholo lipakeng tsa RS232, RS485, le RS422 e ho bona mefuta ea mats'oao, sebaka, litefiso tsa data, tšehetso ea lisebelisoa tse ngata, le lits'ebetso.
RS232 e sebelisa e 'ngoe pontsho, e leng se etsang hore ho be bonolo lerata le tšitiso, athe RS485 le RS422 li sebelisa matšoao a fapaneng, li romella matšoao e le li-voltage tse tlatsetsang ho fana ka tšireletso e kholo ea lerata, haholoholo libakeng tse telele.
Ho latela lebelo le lebelo, RS232 e sebetsa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa nako e khuts'oane, e lekanyelitsoeng ho limithara tse ka bang 15 le litefiso tse tlase tsa data. RS485, leha ho le joalo, e ka sebetsa ho fihlela ho limithara tse 1200, leha e le ka lebelo le tlase, e etsa hore e tšoanelehe bakeng sa marang-rang a pharalletseng a indasteri. RS422 e ka boela ea fihla ho limithara tse 1200, 'me, e etselitsoeng li-setups tsa marotholi a mangata, e fana ka litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa data ho feta RS232.
Bakeng sa puisano ea lisebelisoa tse ngata, RS485 e hlahella ka ho tšehetsa lisebelisoa tse ka bang 32 ka beseng e le 'ngoe, e etsa hore e be e loketseng bakeng sa marang-rang a marotholi a mangata. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, RS232 e lumella feela likhokahano tsa ntlha-to-point, e fokotsa lisebelisoa tse peli, ha RS422 e khona ho sebetsana le ba amohelang batho ba bangata empa e le mokhanni a le mong feela, e leng se etsang hore e be molemo ho li-setups tse hlokang puisano le lisebelisoa tse fihlang ho 10.
Mabapi le lits'ebetso, RS232 e sebelisoa haholo lisebelisoa tsa lefa le lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa bareki. RS485 e khethoa bakeng sa othomathike ea indasteri ho laola lisebelisoa tse ngata ho feta sebaka se selelele, ha RS422 e sebelisoa hangata lisebelisoa tsa bongaka le puisano e potlakileng, e thibelang lerata ho ea ho ntlha.
Phapang Pakeng tsa RS232, USB, le Ethernet Ports
| Tšobotsi | RS232 | USB | Ethernet |
| Sekhahla sa Lintlha | Ho fihla ho 115.2 kbps | Ho fihlela ho 20 Gbps | Ho fihla ho 10 Gbps le ho feta |
| Sebaka | Ho fihlela ho 15 metres | Ka kakaretso ho fihla ho 5 metres | Ho fihla ho limithara tse 100 (koporo) |
| Mofuta oa Khokahano | Ntlha-ho-ntlha | E thehiloeng ho Hub, lisebelisoa tse ngata | Marang-rang, lisebelisoa tse ngata |
| Lihokelo | DB9, DB25 | USB-A, USB-B, USB-C | RJ45 |
| Lisebelisoa | Indasteri, lefa | Lisebelisoa tsa elektronike tsa bareki | Marang-rang, marang-rang |
Likhetho tsa bohlokoa lipakeng tsa RS232, USB, le Ethernet ke tsona litefiso tsa data, mekhahlelo ea khokahanyo, mefuta ea khokahanyo, le lits'ebetso tse tloaelehileng. RS232 e sebetsa ka lebelo le tlase, ka boholo ba 115.2 kbps, e etsa hore e be e loketseng bakeng sa phapanyetsano e bonolo ea data. USB, ka lehlakoreng le leng, e fana ka litefiso tsa data tse potlakileng haholo, ka USB 2.0 e fihlang ho 480 Mbps le USB 3.x e tšehetsang ho fihla ho 20 Gbps, e lumellang lisebelisoa ho romela data kapele. Ethernet e feta ka bobeli ho tlhophiso ea likhoebo, ka lebelo la 10 Gbps kapa ho feta, e etsa hore e be e loketseng bakeng sa libaka tsa marang-rang tse hlokang phallo ea data e potlakileng le e sa sitisoeng.
Ha ho tluoa tabeng mefuta-futa, RS232 e lekanyelitsoe ho limithara tse 15 'me e tšehetsa lisebelisoa tse peli feela, e e thibela ho sebelisoa ha nako e khutšoanyane. USB, eo hangata e nang le bophahamo ba limithara tse 5, e ka hokela lisebelisoa tse ngata ka li-hubs. Ethernet, leha ho le joalo, e ts'ehetsa ho fihla ho limithara tse 100 holim'a likhoele tsa koporo, e atoloha le ho feta ka li-fiber optics, e etsa hore e be e loketseng likhokahano tsa sebaka se selelele liofising le marangrang a indasteri.
Ho latela mefuta ea khokahano, RS232 e ts'ehetsa feela puisano ea ntlha-to-point, e lekanyelitseng ho kenya lisebelisoa tse peli. USB e fana ka likhokahano tse thehiloeng ho hub, tse lumellang lisebelisoa tse ngata ho buisana ka boema-kepe bo le bong. Ethernet e lumella marang-rang a lisebelisoa tse ngata, kaha li-routers le li-switches li hokahanya lisebelisoa tse ngata ka har'a marang-rang.
RS232 hangata e sebelisoa ho lisebelisoa tsa khale le tsa indasteri tse hlokang puisano e bonolo, e tšepahalang ea data. USB e sebelisoa haholo ho lisebelisoa tsa elektronike tsa bareki, haholo-holo bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse kang likonopo, liprinta le li-drive tsa kantle. Ethernet e bohlokoa maemong a marang-rang, e nolofalletsang marang-rang a lebelo le holimo le likhokahano tsa LAN libakeng tsa bolulo le tsa khoebo.
Melemo le Mefokolo ea RS232 Ports
Likou tsa RS232 esale e le setsi sa puisano sa serial ka lilemo tse mashome, tse sebelisoang haholo lits'ebetsong tsa lefa, indasteri pc China lisebelisoa, le lisebelisoa tse kentsoeng. Leha ho na le ho phahama ha litekanyetso tse ncha joalo ka USB le Ethernet, RS232 e ntse e sebetsa lits'ebetsong tse ikhethileng ka lebaka la melemo ea eona e ikhethang le meeli e itseng.
Melemo ea RS232 Ports
Bonolo: RS232 ke protocol e otlolohileng, e loketseng lits'ebetso tse hlokang puisano ea mantlha, e potlakileng ntle le ho seta ho rarahaneng. Litlhoko tsa hardware le software li nyane, li etsa hore ho be bonolo ho li kenya le ho li sebelisa.
Lerata la Resistance: RS232 e sebetsa ka mefuta e mengata ea motlakase (-3V ho -15V bakeng sa "1" e utloahalang le + 3V ho + 15V bakeng sa "0") e utloahalang, e fanang ka tšireletso khahlanong le ho senyeha ha matšoao le tšitiso. Tšobotsi ena e molemo ka ho khetheha libakeng tsa indasteri moo lerata le tloaelehileng. Karolo ena e molemo ka ho khetheha ho matlapa bakeng sa ho etsa thepa fatše, moo lerata le atileng teng.
Ho tšepahala: Tšebeliso ea nako e telele ea RS232 litsamaisong tsa lefa e paka ho tšoarella le ho ts'epahala ha eona. E nkoa ka bophara e le e tsitsitseng le e ka tsejoang esale pele, e nang le litekanyetso tse fokolang tsa liphoso, e etsang hore e tšoanelehe bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse kang lilaptop tsa sesole tse rekisoang moo botšepehi ba data bo leng bohlokoa.
E na le Litšenyehelo: Lisebelisoa le likhoele tse lumellanang le RS232 hangata ha li theko e tlase ebile li fumaneha hohle. Ts'ebetso ena ea litšenyehelo e etsa hore RS232 e be khetho e sebetsang bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse sa hlokeng litefiso tse phahameng tsa data kapa sebaka se selelele.
Puisano ea Point-to-Point: Khokahano ea RS232 ea ntlha-to-point e lumella puisano e inehetseng pakeng tsa lisebelisoa tse peli, e ka fokotsang ho rarahana ha marang-rang le ho thulana ha data ho ka fumanoang marang-rang a lisebelisoa tse ngata.
Meeli ea RS232 Ports
Sekhahla sa Boitsebiso bo Tlase: Sekhahla se phahameng sa data sa RS232 se haufi le 115.2 kbps, se leng butle haholo ho feta maemo a sejoale-joale joalo ka USB (ho fihla ho 20 Gbps) le Ethernet (10 Gbps kapa ho feta). Sekhahla sena sa data se tlase se fokotsa ho nepahala ha RS232 bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse hlokang phetiso ea data ka lebelo le holimo, joalo ka pc ea indasteri e nang le gpu.
Sebaka se Lekanyelitsoeng: RS232 e lekanyelitsoe ho limithara tse 15 tlas'a maemo a loketseng, e etsang hore e se ke ea tšoanela puisano ea sebaka se selelele. Thibelo ena e fokotsa tšebeliso ea eona litsamaisong tse kholo kapa tse ajoang haholo, joalo ka advantech rackmount pc meaho.
Puisano ea Sesebelisoa se le Mong: RS232 e ts'ehetsa puisano ea ntlha-to-point feela, ho bolelang hore e ka hokahanya lisebelisoa tse peli feela. Ho fapana le RS485, e lumellang lisebelisoa tse ngata moleng o le mong, RS232 ha e lokele lits'ebetso tse hlokang puisano ea marotholi a mangata kapa a marang-rang, joalo ka tse amanang. 2u k'homphieutha ea indasteri.
Lihokelo tsa Bulky: RS232 hangata e sebelisa lihokelo tsa DB9 kapa DB25, tse kholoanyane le tse seng bonolo ha li bapisoa le likhokahano tse kopaneng tsa USB le Ethernet. Sena se ka etsa hore RS232 e be phephetso ho e sebelisa lisebelisoa tse kopaneng, tse nang le sebaka se lekanyelitsoeng, joalo ka lunchbox pc tlhophiso.
Litlhoko tsa Matla: RS232 ha e na bokhoni ba ho fana ka matla holim'a mohala oa data, ho fapana le USB, e ka sebelisang lisebelisoa tse hokahaneng. Moeli ona o hloka mohloli o mong oa matla, o eketsang ho rarahana maemong ao ho fana ka matla holim'a mohala oa puisano ho ka bang molemo bakeng sa indasteri panel pc odm lisebelisoa.
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