Indlela Yokukhetha I-CPU Yezidingo Zakho

I-central processing unit (CPU) ivame ukubhekwa njengenhliziyo yanoma yiluphi uhlelo lwekhompyutha. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlanganisa umshini wokudlala, indawo yokusebenzela yemisebenzi yobungcweti, noma umshini wezinjongo ezijwayelekile, ukukhetha komcubunguli kuyisinqumo esibucayi esingathinta ngendlela emangalisayo ukusebenza kwesistimu yakho kanye nolwazi olunzulu ngomsebenzisi. Lo mhlahlandlela we-cpu obanzi uhlose ukuqeda inqubo yokukhetha iphrosesa efanelana kangcono nezidingo zakho ezithile, iqinisekisa ukuthi uthola i-cpu efanelekile yezidingo zakho.

Ukwenza ukukhetha okufanele kwe-cpu kuhlanganisa ukuqonda ukucaciswa okuhlukahlukene kobuchwepheshe nokuzivumelanisa nesimo sakho ohlosiwe sokusebenzisa. Isibonelo, umdlali wegeyimu oqinile angase abeke phambili isivinini sewashi eliphezulu nama-cores amaningi, kuyilapho umdali wokuqukethwe angase adinge iphrosesa enekhono eliqinile le-multi-threading. Lo mhlahlandlela uzokuhambisa ezintweni ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele ukuze ukwazi ukwenza isinqumo unolwazi futhi ugweme izingibe ze-CPU engafaneleki.

Okuthathwayo Okubalulekile

I-CPU ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kohlelo lonke.
 Qondanisa ukucaciswa kwe-CPU nezidingo zakho ezithile, noma ngabe imidlalo, imisebenzi yobungcweti, noma ukusetshenziswa okuvamile.
Lo mhlahlandlela uzohlanganisa zonke izici ezibalulekile zokwenza ukukhetha kwe-cpu unolwazi.
Ukuqonda imininingwane yobuchwepheshe kanye nezimo zokusebenzisa kuyisihluthulelo sokuthola i-cpu elungile.
Izimo zempilo zangempela zibonisa ukubaluleka kokukhetha iphrosesa efanele.





Ukuqonda Imininingwane ye-CPU

Ukuze wenze isinqumo esinolwazi lapho ukhetha i-CPU, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukucaciswa okuhlukahlukene okuthonya ukusebenza. Kusukela ekubaleni okuyinhloko nochungechunge ukuya kusivinini sewashi, i-IPC, usayizi wenqolobane, ne-TDP, isici ngasinye sidlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi i-CPU izokwenza kanjani ezimeni ezahlukene.




A. Izihloko Nezintambo


Isibalo esiyinhloko ku-CPU sithinta ngokuqondile amandla ayo okusingatha imisebenzi eminingi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ama-cores amaningi asho amakhono angcono okwenza izinto eziningi kanye namakhono okucubungula ahambisanayo. Isibonelo, i-CPU enesibalo esiphezulu se-core count nochungechunge ingasebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa ngaphandle kokunensa, ithuthukise ukusebenza kwe-cpu kukonke.


B. Isivinini Sewashi kanye ne-IPC


Ijubane lewashi le-CPU, likalwa nge-GHz, libonisa ukuthi mingaki imijikelezo i-CPU engayisebenzisa ngomzuzwana. Eceleni kwalokhu, i-IPC (imiyalo ngomjikelezo ngamunye) inikeza isilinganiso sokuthi mingaki imisebenzi i-CPU engayifeza umjikelezo ngamunye. Ndawonye, ​​lezi zici zinquma ukusebenza kahle nesivinini esingavuthiwe se-CPU, esithonya ukusebenza kwayo emisebenzini ehlukahlukene, kusukela kumageyimu kuya ezinhlelweni zokukhiqiza.


C. Usayizi Wenqolobane


Usayizi wenqolobane usebenza njengendawo encane, esheshayo yenkumbulo egcina idatha efinyelelwa njalo, evumela ukufinyelela okusheshayo nge-CPU. Usayizi wenqolobane omkhulu ungakhuphula kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-cpu ngokunciphisa isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze i-CPU ithole idatha kumemori eyinhloko.


D. Thermal Design Power (TDP)


I-Thermal Design Power (TDP) imele inani eliphezulu lokushisa i-CPU elingase likhiqize isistimu yokupholisa eklanyelwe ukuhlakazeka ngaphansi komthwalo womsebenzi. I-TDP ephansi ibonisa i-CPU eyonga amandla kakhudlwana, isiza ukuphatha okukhiphayo okushisayo nokuqinisekisa ukuthi isistimu ihlala ipholile futhi izinzile ngaphansi komthwalo.

Ukuqonda i-TDP kubalulekile ekukhetheni isisombululo esifanele sokupholisa ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kahle.

Ukuhlonza Icala Lakho Lokusebenzisa

Lapho ukhetha i-CPU, ukuqonda izidingo zakho ezithile kanye nezimo zokusebenzisa kubalulekile. Izimfuneko zemisebenzi ehlukene efana nokudlala, ukudala okuqukethwe, noma ikhompuyutha evamile kungaba nomthelela omkhulu kuhlobo lwephrosesa okufanele ulucabangele.

Ukusebenza Kwegeyimu

Kubadlali bamageyimu, ukuzuza ukusebenza kahle kwegeyimu kuvame ukuncika kuma-CPU anesivinini esikhulu sewashi nokusebenza okuqinile kwe-single-core. Lawa maphrosesa aqinisekisa ukuthi amageyimu asebenzisa ihluzo asebenza kahle, enza izigcawu ngokushesha futhi anciphise ukunensa. Izinketho ezidumile phakathi kwabadlali bamageyimu zihlanganisa i-Intel Core i9-12900K kanye ne-AMD Ryzen 7 5800X3D ngenxa yebhalansi yabo enhle kakhulu yejubane nokubala okuyisisekelo.

Ukwengeza, izici ezifana nokuhambisana nama-GPU akamuva kanye nokusekelwa kwenkumbulo enesivinini esikhulu kungathuthukisa nakakhulu umuzwa wegeyimu usuwonke. Ukutshala imali ku-CPU ehlangabezana nalezi zidingo zomthwalo womsebenzi kuzophumela kuseshini yemidlalo egxile kakhulu nejabulisayo.

Ukwakhiwa Kokuqukethwe kanye Nokukhiqiza

Kubadali bokuqukethwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-CPU yokuhlela ividiyo noma i-CPU yokusakaza, ukugxila kushintshela kumaphrosesa anamacores amaningi nemicu. Ama-CPU aphezulu kakhulu, njenge-AMD Ryzen 9 5950X noma i-Intel Core i9-12900KF, asingatha izidingo zomthwalo onzima wokusebenza njengokunikeza, ukubhala ngekhodi, nokwenza imisebenzi eminingi ngempumelelo.

Lawa ma-CPU ahamba phambili ekuphatheni imisebenzi ethuthukisiwe yokukhiqiza kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene, enikeza ukuhamba komsebenzi okushelelayo kanye nezikhathi zokuqeda ngokushesha. Abadali nezingcweti bangazuza kakhulu kumaphrosesa asekela ukwenza izinto eziningi eziningi, baqinisekise ukuthi akukho mingcele yokusebenza ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwekhompyutha okujulile.

Isabelomali kanye nokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile

Kubasebenzisi abafuna i-CPU yesabelomali sekhompuyutha evamile nemisebenzi yansuku zonke, izinketho ezifana ne-AMD Ryzen 5 5600X ne-Intel Core i5-11400F zinikeza ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu ngaphandle kokuphula ibhange. Lawa maphrosesa anikeza indlela elinganiselayo yokusingatha imisebenzi eyahlukene njengokuphequlula iwebhu, izinhlelo zokusebenza zasehhovisi, nokudlala okulula.

Uma kucatshangelwa amaphrosesa angabizi kakhulu kodwa anamandla angahlinzeka ngenani elingcono kakhulu lesilinganiso sokusebenza. Zilungele abasebenzisi abadinga amandla athembekile ekhompuyutha emisebenzi yokukhiqiza kanye nokusetshenziswa okuvamile ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ngokweqile.

Ukucabangela Ukuhambisana

Lapho ukhetha i-CPU, ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezingxenye ezihlukahlukene kubalulekile. Lesi sigaba sizocubungula ubunkimbinkimbi bamasokhethi nama-chipset ebhodi lomama, ukusekelwa kwenkumbulo, nezixazululo zokupholisa ezibalulekile ohlelweni olulungiselelwe, oluzinzile. Ukuqonda lezi zakhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-CPU yakho ilingana futhi isebenza ngaphandle komthungo nezinye izingxenye.

A. Isokhethi le-Motherboard ne-Chipset

Isokhethi ye-cpu iwukucatshangelwa okubalulekile, njengoba inquma ukuthi i-CPU ingaxhumeka ngokomzimba ebhodini lomama. Ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana kwe-chipset kubaluleke kakhulu, njengoba i-chipset isiza ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-CPU nezinye izakhi, okunomthelela ekusebenzeni okuphelele. Izinhlobo zamasokhethi ezidumile zifaka i-LGA1200 ye-Intel ne-AM4 ye-AMD, ngayinye idinga ama-chipset athile ukuze ihambisane kahle nebhodi lomama.

B. Ukusekelwa Kwenkumbulo

Ukuhambisana kwenkumbulo kungesinye isici esibalulekile. Kokubili i-DDR4 ne-DDR5 RAM kuvamile, ne-DDR5 enikeza isivinini esiphezulu nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe. Nokho, kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi i-motherboard yakho isekela uhlobo lwememori olukhethiwe. Ukuhambisana kwenqama okuphumelelayo kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusebenza okuphezulu kwe-CPU yakho.

C. Ukupholisa Izixazululo

Ukugcina izinga lokushisa elilungile kubalulekile ukuze i-CPU iphile isikhathi eside nokusebenza. Ukutshala imali kuzixazululo ezifanele zokupholisa, njengezipholile ze-cpu, kubalulekile. Ukupholisa komoya noketshezi kuyizinketho ezidumile, ngayinye ihlinzeka ngokupholisa okwanele okusekelwe ezidingweni ezithile nokusetha. Izixazululo ezifanele zokupholisa zisiza ukuvimbela ukunyakazisa okushisayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-CPU yakho isebenza kahle kakhulu ngaphansi komthwalo ohlukahlukene wokusebenza.

Isabelomali kanye Nokuqinisekisa Ikusasa

Ukukhetha i-CPU efanele kuncike kakhulu kubhajethi yakho kanye nesidingo sokufakazela ukwakhiwa kwakho esikhathini esizayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufuna i-cpu yebhajethi noma ucabange kusengaphambili ukuthuthukiswa kwe-cpu yobufakazi besikhathi esizayo, ukuqonda isilinganiso sezindleko zokusebenza kubalulekile.

Ama-CPU Alungele Isabelomali

Kulabo abasesabelomali esiqinile, ukukhethwa kwe-cpu evumelana nesabelomali enikeza ukusebenza okuhle ngaphandle kokuphula ibhange kubalulekile. Uchungechunge lwe-Intel's Core i3 kanye nochungechunge lwe-AMD lwe-Ryzen 3 yizinketho ezinhle. Lawa ma-cpus ebhajethi ahlinzeka ngokusebenza okuqinile kwemisebenzi yansuku zonke nokudlala okulula kuyilapho kugcinwa isilinganiso sezindleko zokusebenza esiheha abasebenzisi abongi.

Ama-CPU aphezulu

Uhlose ukusebenza kwezinga eliphezulu? I-cpus ephezulu, njengochungechunge lwe-Intel Core i9 kanye ne-AMD Ryzen 9, inikeza amandla okucubungula angenakuqhathaniswa. Lawa ma-cpus asezingeni eliphezulu angakwazi ukuphatha umsebenzi onzima njengokudlala okuthuthukile, ukuhlela ividiyo, nokunikezwa kwe-3D. Ukutshalwa kwezimali ku-cpu esezingeni eliphezulu kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kanye nesilinganiso esiphezulu sokusebenza kwezindleko.

Ikusasa-Ubufakazi Build Yakho

Uma ucubungula ukuqinisekiswa kwesikhathi esizayo, kubalulekile ukuthi ucabange mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kwe-cpu okungenzeka kube khona nokuthi ukukhetha kwamanje kuzohlala kusebenza isikhathi esingakanani. Ukutshala imali ku-cpu yobufakazi besikhathi esizayo enezakhiwo zakamuva kanye nama-cores amaningi kuqinisekisa ukuphila isikhathi eside nokuzivumelanisa nezimo. Ama-CPU afana ne-AMD Ryzen 7 noma i-Intel Core i7 ayi-cpus yebanga eliphakathi nendawo elingana, enikeza ukusebenza okuqinile manje nge-headroom yezidingo zesikhathi esizayo.

Ukulinganisa kanye nokubuyekeza

Ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwamabhentshimakhi e-cpu kungaqondisa kakhulu izinqumo zakho zokuthenga. Amabhentshimakhi ahlinzeka ngokuhlaziywa kobuningi bokusebenza kwe-CPU, okukuvumela ukuthi uqhathanise amamodeli ahlukene ngempumelelo. Amabhentshimakhi athembekile abalulekile ekuhloleni izibaluli ezifana nokusebenza kwe-single-core, ukusebenza kwe-multi-core, nokusebenza kwe-watt ngayinye.

Ukubaluleka Kwamabhentshimakhi

Kusetshenziswa amathuluzi afana ne-cinebench ne-geekbench, amabhentshimakhi anikeza isithombe esicacile sokuthi ama-CPU asebenza kanjani ngaphansi kwemithwalo yemisebenzi ehlukene. Isibonelo, i-cinebench igxile ekunikezeni imisebenzi, ihlinzeka ngemininingwane ekusebenzeni kwe-CPU ye-multi-core, kuyilapho i-geekbench inikeza uhla olubanzi lokuhlola, okuhlanganisa ukusebenza kwe-single-core. Ukuhlola lawa mabhentshimakhi kusiza ukunquma okufanelekela kangcono izidingo zakho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi okokudlala, ukudalwa kokuqukethwe, noma ukukhathazeka ngokusebenza kahle.

Imithombo Yokubuyekeza Ethembekile

Uma ufuna ukubuyekezwa kwe-cpu, kubalulekile ukuphendukela emithonjeni enedumela elihle. Amawebhusayithi afana ne-Tom's Hardware, i-AnandTech, ne-TechRadar anikezela ngokuhlaziywa okujulile nedatha yokusebenza komhlaba wangempela. Lezi zibuyekezo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa amashadi aqhathanisayo, agqamisa umehluko ekusebenzeni nge-watt ngayinye namanye ama-metrics abalulekile. Imithombo ethembekile iqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ulwazi olunembile nolungachemi, okwenza inqubo yakho yokuthatha izinqumo ibe lula futhi ithembeke kakhudlwana.

Sengiphetha, ukufuna amabhentshimakhi e-cpu anemininingwane nokubuyekezwa kwe-cpu emithonjeni emisiwe kuqinisekisa ukuthi wenza ukukhetha unolwazi, okuhambisana necala lakho lokusebenzisa. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubeka phambili ukusebenza kwe-single-core noma i-multi-core, ama-benchmarks ayithuluzi eliyigugu enqubweni yokuthatha izinqumo.




I-Overclocking kanye nezici ezithuthukisiwe

Kulabo abafuna ukukhulisa ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zabo zekhompiyutha, ukuqonda amandla e-CPU yabo kubalulekile. Lesi sigaba sicubungula izici ezihlukahlukene zokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-CPU, okuhlanganisa i-overclocking, ihluzo ezihlanganisiwe, nobuchwepheshe obuthuthukile.

A. Amandla Okweqisa

I-Overclocking iyithemba elijabulisayo labashisekeli abahlose ukusunduza ihadiwe yabo ngaphezu kwezilungiselelo zasefekthri. Umhlahlandlela ophelele we-cpu overclocking ungaba nesandla ekuzuzeni i-overclocking ezinzile futhi eqhubekayo. Ngokulungisa isivinini sewashi ne-voltage, abasebenzisi bangakhipha ukusebenza okwengeziwe kuma-CPU abo. Kubalulekile, nokho, ukuba nezixazululo ezifanele zokupholisa ukuze unciphise ukuphuma kokushisa okwenyukayo.

B. Imifanekiso Edidiyelwe

Ama-CPU amaningi esimanje afika nezithombe ezihlanganisiwe, ezihlinzeka ngesixazululo esingabizi kakhulu kubasebenzisi abangadingi i-gpu ezinikele. Lezi zithombe ezakhelwe ngaphakathi zingakwazi ukuphatha imisebenzi yansuku zonke kanye nemidlalo ethile elula. Isibonelo, i-Intel's UHD Graphics kanye ne-AMD's Radeon Graphics zibhekwa kahle ngekhono lazo lokwenza imisebenzi yezithombe eyisisekelo ukuya kwezilingene, ngaleyo ndlela inikeze isisombululo esiphelele sokukodwa.

C. Advanced Technologies

Ama-CPU anamuhla ahlome ngobuchwepheshe obuthuthukile obuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza. Ubuchwepheshe be-Intel's Turbo Boost buvumela amaphrosesa ukuthi akhulise isivinini sewashi ngesikhathi semisebenzi enzima, alethe ukusebenza okuphezulu lapho kudingeka. Amaphrosesa e-AMD afaka ubuchwepheshe be-Hyper-Threading, obuthuthukisa ukwenza izinto eziningi ngokuphatha imicu eminingi ngasikhathi sinye. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kunomthelela ekuzizwiseni okushelelayo nangempumelelo kakhudlwana kwekhompuyutha.

Isinyathelo Ngesinyathelo Umhlahlandlela Wokukhetha i-CPU

Inqubo yokukhetha i-cpu ingaba nzima, kodwa ukuyihlephula ibe yizinyathelo kuyenza ilawuleke. Ngokugxila kumibandela ethile, ungakwazi ukuhlela inqubo yakho yokwenza izinqumo.

Hlola Izidingo Zakho

Qala ngokuhlola izidingo zakho zekhompuyutha. Ingabe usebenzisa isistimu yakho ukuze udlale, udale okuqukethwe, noma usebenzise okuvamile? Ukuhlonza imisebenzi eyinhloko ezosingathwa yi-CPU kusiza ukunciphisa ukukhetha kwakho.

Misa Isabelomali

Okulandelayo, setha isabelomali. Nquma ukuthi uzimisele futhi ukwazi ukusebenzisa malini ku-CPU. Ukulinganisa izidingo zakho zokusebenza nezinkinga zakho zezezimali kuqinisekisa ukuthi wenza ukukhetha okungokoqobo.

Hlola Ukuhambisana

Kubalulekile ukuhlola ukuhambisana kwe-CPU nezinto ezikhona noma ezihleliwe zesistimu. Qinisekisa ukuthi i-CPU oyikhethayo isebenza nohlobo lwesokhethi yebhodi lomama lakho kanye ne-chipset, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi isekela uhlobo lwememori olufunayo nezisombululo zokupholisa.

Qhathanisa Ukusebenza

Ekugcineni, qhathanisa ukusebenza kwe-CPU. Bheka imibiko yokulinganisa kanye nezibuyekezo zabasebenzisi ukukala ukuthi ama-CPU ahlukene asebenza kanjani kuzimo zomhlaba wangempela. Ukuqhathanisa izici ezifana nokubala okuyinhloko, isivinini sewashi, namandla omklamo oshisayo (TDP) kuzoqinisa ukukhetha kwakho.

Isiphetho

Isabelomali kanye nobufakazi besikhathi esizayo yizici ezibalulekile, kanye nokuhlala unolwazi lwakamuva ngamabhentshimakhi nezibuyekezo ezithenjwayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubheka amandla okwenza i-overclocking, ihluzo ezihlanganisiwe, noma ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe, isici ngasinye kufanele sihambisane nezidingo zakho ezithile kanye nezinkinga zezimali. Ukwenza isinqumo se-CPU unolwazi kudinga ukuthi uhlole izidingo zakho ngazinye, usethe ibhajethi engokoqobo, futhi uqhathanise amamethrikhi okusebenza ngokujulile.

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuvela, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale unolwazi mayelana nentuthuko yakamuva ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi isistimu yakho ihlala ingeyamanje. Ukusuka ekukhetheni okuhle i-rackmount pc ngokusetha iseva ekukhetheni i ithebhulethi yezimboni noma a pda ephathwayo ngomsebenzi wasensimini, ihadiwe ezungezile kufanele ihambisane nenketho yakho ye-CPU. Uma ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi nokusebenza okuthulile kuyizinto eziza kuqala, a i-mini pc engena fan kungaba kuhle.

Ngokuthembeka kweleveli yebhizinisi, ukusebenza nabathenjwayo abakhiqizi be-PC yezimboni ingaqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqinile. Izinketho ezifana ne- ikhompyutha ye-rackmount yezimboni noma ukonga isikhala iphaneli pc ingase futhi ifanele izindawo ezikhethekile. Ohambweni, a ilaptop yezempi noma a i-laptop ye-linux eqinile ukusetha kunganikeza ukuqina ngaphandle kokudela ukusebenza.

Le micabango yokugcina mayelana nokukhethwa kwe-CPU igcizelela isidingo sendlela ehlangene yokufingqa iseluleko sokukhetha i-CPU, ekuvumela ukuthi wenze isinqumo esiqinisekayo nesinolwazi esifanelana nezimo zakho ezihlukile.