X86 vs Jetson: Menene Bambancin?

A cikin duniyar canzawa ta yau na ƙirar ƙididdiga da ƙaddamarwa na AI, zaɓar dandamalin kayan aikin da ya dace ya fi kawai yanke shawara na fasaha; yana da tasiri kai tsaye a kan aiki, ƙimar farashi, da tsayin daka na dogon lokaci. Gine-ginen x86 (kamar Intel da AMD na'urori masu sarrafawa) da dangin NVIDIA Jetson (wanda ya haɗa da Jetson Nano, Jetson Xavier, da Jetson Orin) biyu ne daga cikin mafi yawan bambance-bambancen madadin.

II. Fahimtar gine-ginen x86

The x86 gine misali ne da aka gwada lokaci a duniya na kayan aikin kwamfuta, powering komai daga kwamfutoci na sirri ku masana'antu sarrafa kansa tsarin. Asalin haɓaka ta Intel, kuma daga baya karbe ta AMD, dandalin x86 an san shi da ƙarfi aikin gama-gari, fadi dacewa da software, da daidaitawa a cikin mahallin kwamfuta daban-daban.

A ainihin sa, x86 yana dogara ne akan a Ƙididdigar Ƙididdigar Ƙididdigar Ƙididdiga (CISC) samfurin, wanda aka ƙera don ɗaukar ƙarin ayyuka a kowane zagaye na koyarwa. Wannan yana ba masu sarrafawa x86 damar yin aiki mai kyau a ƙarƙashin nauyin aiki waɗanda ke buƙatar ɗawainiya da yawa, software na gado, da juzu'in lissafi.

Ƙarfin Gine-gine na x86

• CPUs masu girma tare da maɓalli da yawa da saitunan koyarwa na ci gaba

• Broad OS goyon baya, ciki har da Windows, Linux, kuma ainihin tsarin aiki

• Balagaggen yanayin yanayin software, manufa don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar goyon baya na dogon lokaci

• Haɗin I/O mai faɗi, goyon bayan PCIe, SATA, USB, da serial musaya

Waɗannan halayen sun sa tsarin x86 ya zama zaɓin da aka fi so a cikin yanayi kamar:

• PCs na masana'antu (IPCs)

• Hanyoyin Sadarwar Mutum-Inji (HMIs)

• Alamar dijital

• Magunguna da kayan gwaji

Shahararrun masu sarrafa x86 don Haɗe-haɗen Aikace-aikace

• Intel® Atom® - Ƙarfin ƙarfi, ƙaramin sawun ƙafa, manufa don tsarin mara amfani

• Intel Core™ (i3/i5/i7) - Daidaitaccen aiki don mafita na tsakiya zuwa matsakaicin matsakaici

• AMD Ryzen ™ Embedded - Ƙarfafa ƙarfin nau'ikan zaren da yawa, ingantaccen ƙarfin wutar lantarki

Duk da haka, yayin da x86 dandamali isar da m yi, sukan zo da mafi girma amfani da wutar lantarki daura da Madadin tushen ARM kamar Jetsons. Don ƙididdige ayyuka masu nauyi tare da ƙarancin ƙarancin wutar lantarki, x86 har yanzu yana jagorantar azaman tsayayyen bayani mai sassauƙa-musamman inda dacewa da sarrafa babban ɗakin gida ya fi dacewa.

III. Menene NVIDIA Jetson?

The NVIDIA Jetson dandamali an gina shi don Kwamfuta mai karfin AI, yana ba da ƙaƙƙarfan, madadin makamashi mai inganci ga tsarin x86 na gargajiya. Maimakon dogaro da CPUs masu fama da yunwa, allunan Jetson sun dogara ne akan ARM gine kuma zo da hadedde NVIDIA GPUs, yana sa su dace don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙata koyon inji, hangen nesa na kwamfuta, ko ainihin-lokaci inference kai tsaye a bakin.

Roko na Jetson ya ta'allaka ne ga iyawar sa high AI yi a cikin karamin sifa. Ko yana gano abubuwa tare da kyamara, kewaya robot, ko nazarin rafukan bidiyo, an tsara Jetson don yin aiki ba tare da buƙatar cikakken girman PC ko haɗin girgije ba.

Core Features na Jetson Modules

• CPU na tushen ARM tare da hadedde GPU mai kunna CUDA

• Taimako don TensorRT, DeepStream, kuma JetPack SDK

• Mai iya gudu Ubuntu Linux (L4T) daga cikin akwatin

• Kyakkyawan aiki kowace watt don maras so, mai sarrafa baturi na'urori

Babban Layin Samfuran Jetson

Godiya ga ta karfin wutar lantarki kuma Zane mai mayar da hankali kan AI, Jetson ya zama go-to dandamali ga masana'antu kamar robotics, injuna masu cin gashin kansu, kula da hankali, kuma masana'antu sarrafa kansa. Ba kayan masarufi bane kawai-Jetson kuma yana zuwa tare da cikakken tarin ci gaba wanda ke tallafawa DABAN, PyTorch, kuma TensorFlow, kyale ƙungiyoyi su tafi daga samfuri zuwa turawa cikin sauƙi.

Don ƙungiyoyi suna ba da fifiko Bayanin AI, low latency, kuma m hardware, Jetson yana ba da inda dandamali na x86 na al'ada sau da yawa ke raguwa.

IV. Mabuɗin Dabarun Fasaha

Fahimtar da bambance-bambancen fasaha tsakanin x86 da NVIDIA Jetson yana da mahimmanci lokacin zabar dandamali mai dacewa don saka tsarin ko gefen AI aikace-aikace. Duk da yake duka dandamali biyu suna ba da matsayi mai ƙarfi a cikin kwamfuta na zamani, ƙirar gine-ginen su da manufofin ƙira sun bambanta sosai.

1. CPU Architecture

• x86 masu sarrafawa suna amfani da a CISC (Complex Umurnin Saitin Lissafi) samfurin, ƙyale ƙarin umarni a kowane zagaye. Wannan ya sa su dace don ƙididdiga na gaba ɗaya da aikace-aikacen gado.

• Jetsons modules an gina su ARM gine, wanda ya biyo bayan a RISC (Rage Ƙididdigar Ƙididdigar Ƙididdiga) kusanci-gyara don ingantaccen makamashi da sauƙi, aiwatar da sauri.

2. Haɗawar GPU

• NVIDIA Jetson yana haskakawa a cikin aikin GPU, godiya ga haɗakar da shi GPUs masu iya CUDA wanda aka tsara don Bayanin AI, zurfafa ilmantarwa, kuma a layi daya aiki.

• Yayin da wasu x86 dandamali suna ba da zaɓuɓɓukan GPU masu hankali, galibi suna cinye ƙarin ƙarfi kuma suna buƙatar sanyaya aiki.

3. Ƙarfin Ƙarfi da Ƙarfafa Ƙarfafawa

• Jetson modules an yi su musamman don karancin wutar lantarki, sau da yawa yana aiki a cikin 5-30W, kunnawa ƙira mara kyau.

• Tsarin x86, musamman waɗanda ke da manyan CPUs, na iya wucewa cikin sauƙi 60W TDP, yana sanya su ƙasa da dacewa don ƙaddamar da wayar hannu ko mai ɗaukar ƙarfi.

4. Factor Factor and Integration

• Jetson allon suna tsarin-kan-modules (SoMs), m da manufa-gina don amfani mai amfani.

• x86 allunan sun bambanta daga Mini-ITX zuwa girma Farashin ATX Formats, bayar da mafi girma fadadawa amma ɗaukar ƙarin sarari.

V. Kwatancen Ayyuka: Ma'auni na Gaskiya na Duniya