Modbus pamusoro peRS485: Gwaro rekuongorora kwakadzama uye kutevedzera

Nzvimbo yekushanda kwemagetsi mumaindasitiri iri kuramba ichichinja, uye pakati pekutaurirana kunobudirira mukati memasisitimu emagetsi pane Modbus yakasimba pamusoro peRS485 protocol. Iyi protocol yekutaurirana yagara kwenguva refu, ichiratidza kukosha kwekutaurirana kwakatevedzana pakati pemidziyo yakasiyana-siyana.

Pakutanga yakagadzirwa mukupera kwema1970 neModicon (ikozvino Schneider Electric), Modbus yakagadzirwa kuti igonese kutaurirana kwedata kwakarongeka mukati memasisitimu e automation. Kuisanganisa neRS485 standard yakasimba kwakaita kuti maindasitiri ave nenzira yakavimbika uye inoshanda yekutaurirana pakati pemidziyo.

Gwaro iri rine chinangwa chekupa nyanzvi dziri muchikamu chekudzora maindasitiri kunzwisisa kwakaoma kweModbus pamusoro peRS485. Tichaongorora zvikamu zvayo, mashandiro ayo, uye mashandisirwo ayo, tichisimbisa kukosha kwayo kwenguva refu mumamiriro emazuva ano ekugadzira otomatiki.

Chinhu chinokosha chekutenga

1. Nzwisisa zvakakosha zveRS485 neModbus protocols.
2. Dzidza zvakanakira kushandisa Modbus pane RS485 mukuita otomatiki kwemaindasitiri.
3.  Wana ruzivo rwekukunda matambudziko akajairika ekushandisa.
4. Enzanisa Modbus neRS485 nedzimwe nzira dzekutaurirana.
5. Ongorora mashandisirwo anoshanda uye mikana yeramangwana yeModbus uchishandisa RS485.
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Chii chinonzi RS485?

7. Mutemo weRS485 inzira inoremekedzwa yekutaurirana kwakatevedzana, yakagadzirirwa kutumira data munzvimbo refu zvinobudirira. Nheyo dzeRS485 dzakavakirwa pakuratidza zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana, nzira inowedzera zvakanyanya kudzivirira ruzha. Nekushandisa ma differential pairs kutumira zviratidzo, RS485 inogona kuderedza kupindira kunowanzoitika munzvimbo dzemaindasitiri.
   
   
8. Chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa cheRS485 standard ndechekuti ine hafu-duplex. Musystem ine hafu-duplex, kutapurirana kwedata kunogona kuitika kumativi ese, asi kwete panguva imwe chete. Kubatana uku kunovimbisa kujeka uye kudzivirira kugongana kwedata, kunyanya zvakakosha mukugadzirisa kwakaoma.
   
   
9. RS485 inoreva kutaurirana kure. Inogona kuchengetedza kutumirwa kwemashoko kwakavimbika padaro rinosvika mamita 4000, zvichiita kuti ive yakakosha mukushandiswa kukuru uko mamwe maitiro ekutaurirana anokundikana.
   
   

Chinhu	Tsananguro
RS485 Standard	Nzira yekufamba daro refu rakavimbika kutaurirana kwakatevedzana.
Kusiyanisa Chiratidzo	Zvinowedzera kusadzivirira ruzha, zvakakosha munzvimbo dzemaindasitiri.
Hafu-Duplex	Inobvumira kutamiswa kwedata munzira mbiri asi kwete panguva imwe chete.
Kusadzivirira Ruzha	Inoderedza kupindira, ichivimbisa kuvimbika kwedata.
Kutaurirana Kure	Inoshanda kutapurirana kwedata pamusoro penzvimbo dzakareba.

10. Muchidimbu, chiyero cheRS485 chinomira semhinduro yakasimba yezvinodiwa pakutaurirana kure, inobudirira mukudzivirira ruzha uye ichipa sevhisi yakavimbika munzvimbo dzinoda maindasitiri.
    
    

Chii chinonzi Modbus Protocol?

11. Modbus protocol inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakutaurirana yakagadzirirwa zvishandiso zvemaindasitiri. Yakatangwa naModicon muna 1979, iyi protocol inobvumira michina yakasiyana-siyana yemagetsi kutaurirana zvinobudirira mu network, zvisinei nekusiyana kwevagadziri.
    
    
12. Chinhu chikuru che modbus protocol ihurongwa hwayo hwemaster-slave. Mugadziriro iyi, master device inodzora network, ichitumira mirairo uye ichigamuchira data kubva kune imwe kana kupfuura slave device. slave yega yega inogona kungopindura mirairo kubva kuna master, zvichiita kuti data rive nyore kuchinjana uye kubatana kwakanyatsojeka.
    
    
13. Nzira ye modbus inotsigira mhando mbiri huru: modbus RTU ne modbus ASCII. Modbus RTU inokodha data muchimiro chebinary, izvo zvinovandudza mwero wekutumira data uye zvinoderedza kunonoka. Kusiyana neizvi, modbus ASCII inoshandisa rugwaro rwakajeka pakunyora data, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuverenga nekugadzirisa asi kazhinji zvinononoka kupfuura modbus RTU.
    
    
14. Iyi nzira yekutaurirana inoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana inogamuchirwa zvakanyanya muhurongwa hwakasiyana-siyana hwekudzora maindasitiri. Kureruka kwayo maererano nekuisa nekugadzirisa, pamwe nekukwanisa kubatana nemidziyo yakawanda, kwakaita kuti ive nzira yakajairika yekutaurirana mumaindasitiri kubva pakugadzira kusvika pakutarisira simba.

15. 
    

Chii chinonzi Modbus RS-485?

Kubatanidza protocol yeModbus neRS485 physical layer kunogadzira dhizaini yekutaurirana inoshanda inozivikanwa seModbus RS-485. Kubatanidzwa uku kunoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri ekudzora masystem, zvichishandisa simba rematekinoroji ese ari maviri kusimudzira kutapurirana kwedata uye kuvimbika kwemasystem.

Runako rweRS485 rwuri muhurongwa hwayo hwema "multi-drop network topology", iyo inobvumira michina yakawanda kubatana mubhazi rimwe chete. Iyi setup yakakodzera protocol yeModbus, ichigonesa kutaurirana kuri nyore pakati pemidziyo yakawanda pasina kuoma kwekugadzirisa master-slave. Nekutsigira ma nodes anosvika makumi matatu nemaviri pachikamu chimwe chete chenetwork, Modbus RS-485 inovandudza kushanda zvakanaka uye kukura kwemasisitimu ekudzora maindasitiri.

Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha paModbus kupfuura RS485 inzira dzayo dzakasimba dzekuona zvikanganiso. Iyi protocol inovimbisa kusimba kwedata kuburikidza nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzakadai sekutarisa parity uye cyclic redundancy checks (CRC). Idzi nzira dzekuona zvikanganiso dzakakosha pakuchengetedza kutaurirana kwakavimbika munzvimbo dzinosangana neruzha rwemagetsi nezvimwe zvinokanganisa.

Chimwe chinhu chakakosha paModbus RS-485 kumisa bhazi. Kumisa bhazi zvakanaka kunoita kuti chiratidzo chive chakasimba nekudzivirira kuratidzwa kwechiratidzo kunogona kukanganisa kutapurirana kwedata. Kazhinji, zvinodzivirira magumo zvinoiswa kumagumo ebhazi reRS485 kuti zvienderane netambo inopinzwa, nokudaro zvichivandudza mashandiro ese eModbus network.

Muchidimbu, Modbus RS-485 inobatanidza protocol yakasimba yeModbus neRS485 physical layer inoshanduka-shanduka, zvichigadzira mhinduro yekutaurirana yakavimbika uye inoshanda yekushandiswa kwekutonga kwemaindasitiri. Rutsigiro rwayo rwemagadzirirwo akawanda, nzira dzakakwana dzekuona zvikanganiso, uye kumiswa kwemabhazi kunodiwa zvinosimbisa kukosha kwayo mukuvandudza mashandiro ehurongwa uye kuvimbika.

Magadzirirwo eModbus pamusoro peRS485

Kutaurirana pakati pemidziyo ye modbus master ne modbus slave muRS485 network kunosanganisira nzira yakadzama yekuona kuti data rinochinjana zvakanaka. Chinhu chikuru chekutaurirana uku chiri mu data frame, iyo inotakura data rakarongeka kubva kuna master kuenda kumuranda uye zvinopesana.

Furemu yedata yakajairika muModbus ine zvikamu zvakakosha zvakati wandei: kero yemudziyo, kodhi yebasa, data, uye cheki yecrc. Kero yemudziyo inoratidza munhu anotarisirwa kugamuchira, nepo kodhi yebasa ichitsanangura chiito chinofanira kuitwa. Data rinosanganisira ruzivo rwakakosha rwechiito ichocho, uye CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) inovimbisa kuvimbika kwedata nekuona zvikanganiso panguva yekutumira.

Kuongorora kwe crc kwakakosha pakuona zvikanganiso. Kukosha uku kwe two-byte kwakabatanidzwa kumagumo e data frame kunobvumira michina kuona kururama kwe data rakagamuchirwa, zvichiwedzera kuvimbika kwekutaurirana.

Zvinodiwa pakushandisa Modbus RS485 zvinosanganisira chiteshi chekubatanidza chinongedzo chemudziyo wega wega uye tambo dzakakodzera kuti ubatanidze network. Chigadziko cheprotocol pamidziyo yese mikuru neyevaranda chinotarisira kutaurirana uku, ichiva nechokwadi chekuti maframe edata akagadzirwa nemazvo, anotumirwa, uye anogamuchirwa.

Heino kupatsanurwa kwakadzama kwechimiro chedata reModbus RS485:

Kushandisa Modbus pamusoro peRS485 zvinobudirira kunoda kunzwisisa zvakajeka zvikamu izvi uye mabasa azvo mukati meprotocol stack. Kuwirirana pakati pehardware nesoftware kunoita kuti kutaurirana kusanetseke, zvichiita kuti Modbus pamusoro peRS485 ive mhinduro yakasimba kumashandisirwo emaindasitiri.

Sei Uchifanira Kusarudza Modbus Pane RS485?

Mafambiro Ari Kubuda Uye Maonero Eramangwana