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Serial Port e sebelisetsoa eng?

2024-10-16 11:19:28

Sebaka sa serial ke sehokelo sa bohlokoa sa khomphutha bakeng sa puisano ea serial lipakeng tsa lisebelisoa. E fapane le likou tse bapileng, tse romellang data kaofela hang-hang. Sebakeng seo, "serial port" e romella data hanyane ka nako, ka mocha o le mong.

Sena se etsa hore ho be bohlokoa bakeng sa phetiso ea data e tšepahalang. E sebelisoa ho li-modem, li-printer le lisebelisoa tsa ho hlahloba mathata. Hangata likou tsa serial li sebelisa protocol ea RS-232. Sena se lumella puisano e bonolo ea ntlha-to-point, ho hokahanya k'homphieutha le lisebelisoa tse ling.

Li-ports tsa serial ha se tsa phapanyetsano ea data feela. Li bohlokoa hape bakeng sa liapdeite tsa firmware le ho sebetsa le litsamaiso tsa taolo. Bonolo le katleho ea tsona li li boloka li le molemo, leha li sebelisa theknoloji e ncha. Ho tseba hore na likou tsa serial li sebetsa joang ke ntho ea bohlokoa, haholo bakeng sa liindasteri tse sebelisang litsamaiso tsa khale.

Tafole ea likateng

1. Likarolo tsa Bohlokoa tsa Boema-kepe ba serial
2. Maemo a serial a Sebetsa Joang?
3. Sekepe sa Serial se Sebeletsoa Joang?
4. Li-Ports tsa Serial ho Computing ea Kajeno
5. Ho Beakanya le ho Hlophisa Ports ea Serial
6. Serial Ports vs. Likarolo tse ling tsa Puisano
7. Lisebelisoa le Lisebelisoa tsa Puisano ea Serial Port

Lintlha tsa bohlokoa

Li-ports tsa serial li nolofalletsa puisano ea serial lipakeng tsa lisebelisoa.

Li bohlokoa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse fapaneng ho kenyelletsa li-modem le bahatisi.

Ka tloaelo sebelisa protocol ea RS-232 bakeng sa phetiso ea data.

Nolofatsa puisano ea ntlha-to-ntlha bakeng sa ho tšepahala.

Senotlolo ho liapdeite tsa firmware le khokahano ea sistimi ea taolo.

E ntse e sebetsa ho komporo ea sejoale-joale hammoho le mahlale a macha.

Likarolo tsa Bohlokoa tsa Seporo Port

Ho utloisisa likarolo tsa serial port ho re thusa ho bona hore na e sebetsa joang le hore na e sebelisetsoa eng. Lihokelo le likhoele tse sebelisoang bakeng sa phetiso ea data ke tsa bohlokoa. Sehokelo sa D-subminiature se atile haholo, se na le mefuta e kang DE-9 le DB-25 bakeng sa ts'ebeliso e fapaneng.

Ho utloisisa li-Connectors tsa serial

Lithapo tsa serial, joalo ka thapo ea modem e sa sebetseng, li bohlokoa bakeng sa puisano ea sesebelisoa. Ba na le li-pin tse khethehileng tsa ho romela le ho fumana data. Sena se bohlokoa hore lisebelisoa li buisane.

Ho laola maemo a motlakase ho bohlokoa bakeng sa boleng ba data. Sekhahla sa baud, kapa lebelo la data, se ama tsela eo lisebelisoa li sebetsang hammoho hantle. Mona ke tafole e bonts'ang lihokelo tse ling tse tloaelehileng tsa serial:

Mofuta oa Sehokelo	Palo ea Pin	Maemo a Tšebeliso e Tloaelehileng	Maemo a Voltage	Sekhahla se tloaelehileng sa Baud
D-subminiature (DE-9)	9	Li-PC tsa khale, Lisebelisoa tsa serial	-12V ho ea ho +12V	300 ho isa ho 115200 bps
DB-25	25	Bahatisi, li-modem	-12V ho ea ho +12V	300 ho isa ho 115200 bps

Li-Serial Ports li sebetsa Joang?

Li-ports tsa serial li romella data ka puisano e sa tsitsang. Sena se bolela hore data e romelloa ntle le ho hokahanya lioache. Ke senotlolo sa phapanyetsano e hlakileng le e sebetsang ea data likhomphutha.

Mekhoa ea phetiso ea data

Puisano ea serial e sebelisa mekhoa e 'meli ea mantlha: hardware le software ea ho ts'oarana ka matsoho. Ho ts'oarana ka letsoho ka har'a lisebelisoa ho sebelisa matšoao a taolo bakeng sa nako. Ho ts'oarana ka matsoho ho software ho itšetlehile ka litlhaku tsa taolo bakeng sa morero o tšoanang.

Lihokelo tsa serial li ka ba halofo-duplex kapa e felletseng-duplex. Half-duplex e romella data ka tsela e le 'ngoe, e liehisa puisano. Full-duplex e romella data ka bobeli ka nako e le 'ngoe, e potlakisa puisano.

Boema-kepe bo bong le bo bong ba serial bo na le aterese ea bona ea IRQ le aterese ea I/O. Liaterese tsena li thusa ho lebisa data sebakeng se nepahetseng komporong. Calculator ea sekhahla sa baud e ka fumana sekhahla se setle ka ho fetisisa sa lisebelisoa.

Serial Port e sebelisetsoa eng?

Likou tsa serial li bohlokoa libakeng tse ngata, haholo ts'ebetsong ea liindasteri le ho hokahanya ha lisebelisoa. Li kopanya likarolo tse fapaneng tsa hardware, ho etsa hore puisano e be bonolo. Sena ke 'nete bakeng sa litsamaiso tsa khale le tse ncha, ho netefatsa hore li sebetsa hantle.

Lits'ebetso le lits'ebetso tsa ts'ebeliso

Litlhophisong tsa indasteri, likou tsa serial li hokahanya mechini ho litsamaiso tsa taolo. Sena se matlafatsa ts'ebetso mme se etsa hore ts'ebetso e atlehe haholoanyane. Li bohlokoa hape bakeng sa ho lokisa liphoso, ho thusa ho fumana le ho lokisa liphoso nakong ea nts'etsopele.

Esita le litsamaiso tsa khale li sebelisa likou tsa serial, tse bontšang hore na theknoloji ena e tšoarella nako e kae. Lisebelisoa tse kentsoeng, joalo ka tse amohelang GPS, le tsona li itšetlehile ka tsona. Sena ke hobane ba hloka ho hokahanya lisebelisoa tse fapaneng bakeng sa ho latedisa sebaka.

Emulation ea terminal e sebelisa likou tsa serial ho laola li-consoles tsa sistimi. Sena se bohlokoa bakeng sa ho tsamaisa litaelo le ho lekola litlhophiso tsa sistimi. E bohlokoa bakeng sa ho laola lisebelisoa le ho laola litsamaiso ka katleho.

Li-Serial Ports ho Computing ea Kajeno

Likou tsa serial li kanna tsa bonahala li tsofetse, empa li ntse li le bohlokoa le kajeno. Lisebelisoa tse ngata, joalo ka li-adapter tsa USB, li etsa hore ho be bonolo ho li sebelisa ka litsamaiso tse ncha. Sena se bolela hore litsamaiso tsa khale le lisebelisoa tse ngata li ntse li ka sebelisa likou tsa serial.

Khopolo ea ho iphetola ha lintho le e amanang le hona joale

Libaka tse ling tsa bohlokoa, joalo ka litsamaiso tsa taolo, li ntse li hloka likou tsa serial. Li bonolo ebile lia tšepahala. Mekhoa e mecha ea ho hokahanya lisebelisoa e etsa hore likou tsa serial li sebetse le theknoloji ea sejoale-joale. Mona ke tafole e bonts'ang hore na hobaneng li-serial ports li ntse li le molemo le kajeno.

Sebopeho	Li-ports tsa serial	USB le Ethernet
Kamano ea Lefa	Phahameng	E fetohang
Mokhoa oa ho fetisa data	Melapo ea data ea serial	E ipapisitse le Pakete
Libaka tsa Kopo	Lisebelisoa, Litsamaiso tsa Taolo	Phetisetso ea Boitsebiso ka Kakaretso
Tšehetso ea lisebelisoa	E tloaelehileng ho Litsamaiso tsa Lefa	E Ts'ehetsoeng Haholo
Bonolo ba ho Kopanya	E itšetlehile ka Hardware Abstraction	Ka kakaretso Ho bonolo

Ho theha le ho lokisa Ports ea Serial

Ho lokisa "serial port" ke senotlolo sa lisebelisoa tsa ho buisana. Tlhophiso e nepahetseng ea boema-kepe e etsa bonnete ba hore data e fapanyetsanoa hantle. Ntlha ea pele, fumana hore na lisebelisoa tsa hau li hloka litlhophiso life.

Mehato e Hlokehang le Litlhophiso tsa Tlhophiso

Ho fumana litlhophiso tse nepahetseng ho kenyelletsa mehato e 'maloa ea bohlokoa:

1.Khetha nomoro ea boema-kepe ea COM e nepahetseng bakeng sa sesebelisoa sa hau.

2.Khetha sekhahla sa baud sa hore na data e tsamaea kapele hakae. Litefiso tse kang 9600, 19200, le 115200 li tloaelehile.

3.Sebelisa likotoana tsa data tse 8 bakeng sa puisano e tloaelehileng.

4.Set parity bits ho boloka data e bolokehile. U ka khetha e le 'ngoe, leha e le efe, kapa e makatsang.

5. Etsa qeto ka li-stop bits, hangata 1 kapa 2.

Ka lebaka la theknoloji ea plug-and-play, litsamaiso tse ngata li itlhophisa ka bo eona. Empa, lisebelisoa tse ling li ka hloka litlhophiso tsa matsoho bakeng sa tlhophiso ea boema-kepe ba COM.

Ho bohlokoa hape ho theha taolo ea phallo hantle. Sena se thusa ho laola phallo ea data le ho boloka tlhahisoleseling e bolokehile. Ho tseba ka buffer overflow ke ntho ea bohlokoa, kaha ho ka baka tahlehelo ea data kapa mathata. Ho sebelisa mokhoa o nepahetseng oa ho sebetsa ho ka thusa ho qoba mathata ana.

Tlhophiso	Tlhaloso
Boema-kepe ba COM	Nomoro ea koung e khethiloeng e fanoeng ke sistimi e sebetsang.
Baud Rate	Lebelo la phetiso ea data le lekantsoeng ka likotoana ka motsotsoana.
Lintlha tsa Bits	Palo ea likotoana tsa pakete ka 'ngoe ea data; standard ke likotoana tse 8.
Parity	Mokhoa oa ho hlahloba phoso, likhetho ha li kenyelle, leha e le, kapa tse makatsang.
Emisa Bits	E bonts'a pheletso ea pakete ea data; hangata 1 kapa 2 likotoana.
Taolo ea Phallo	Mokhoa oa ho laola phetiso ea data; dikgetho kenyeletsa hardware le software.
Tshebetso ea Letshwao	Mekhoa ea ho laola le ho ntlafatsa seriti sa phetiso ea data.

Likou tsa serial le li-interfaces tse ling li na le ts'ebeliso e fapaneng. E 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le likarolo tse khethehileng bakeng sa litlhoko tse khethehileng mosebetsing le litlhophisong tsa botho.

Tlhahlobo ea Papiso

Li-ports tsa serial li romella data hang ka nako. Sena se thusa ho qoba ho senyeha ha matšoao libakeng tse telele. E etsa hore likhokahano tsa serial li tšepahale maemong a mang. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, USB e potlakile ebile e sebetsa haholo bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa sejoale-joale.

Litlhophisong tsa mosebetsi, li-ports tsa serial li atisa ho khethoa bakeng sa bonolo le ho tšepahala ha tsona. Li ntle bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa daisy-chaining tse nang le thapo e fetang. Sena se etsa hore ho seta ho be bonolo ho feta cabling e hlophisitsoeng e rarahaneng e hlokahalang bakeng sa Ethernet.

Sebopeho	Serial Port	Parallel Port	USB	Ethernet
Phetiso ea data	Sequential	Bapisa	Universal (e thehiloeng ho seriali)	Phakete e fetotsoe
Meeli ea Bohole	Nako e telele ntle le ho senyeha	E khuts'oane ka lebaka la lipuisano	E itekanetseng	Nako e telele (le kabo e hlophisitsoeng)
Mofuta oa Khokahano	Daisy-chaining	Ntlha-ho-ntlha	Topology ea setsi	Topology ea marang-rang
Maemo a Tšebeliso e Tloaelehileng	Lisebelisoa tsa indasteri	Bahatisi ba khale	Li-peripherals tsa sejoale-joale	Marang-rang le marang-rang

Lisebelisoa le Lisebelisoa tsa Puisano ea Serial Port

Puisano e atlehileng ka likou tsa serial e hloka lisebelisoa le lisebelisoa tse khethehileng. Sesebelisoa sa bohlokoa ke serial breakout box, e thusang basebelisi ho lekola le ho rarolla mathata a matšoao nakong ea phetiso ea data. Sesebelisoa sena se bohlokoa bakeng sa ho hlahloba mathata ka nako ea sebele le ho netefatsa hore matšoao a finyella litlhoko tse hlokahalang. Bakeng sa libaka tse matsaranka, a Letlapa le thata le nang le Windows 11 e fana ka tharollo e nkehang bakeng sa ho rarolla mathata setšeng.

Thepa e Hlokehang

Libakeng tsa nts'etsopele ea software, debugger e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho fumana le ho lokisa liphoso tsa mananeo tse ka amang puisano ea serial. Li-serial data logers le tsona li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho hapa le ho sekaseka phallo ea data, ho fana ka lintlha tsa bohlokoa mabapi le metrics ea ts'ebetso ha nako e ntse e ea. Bakeng sa litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso e phahameng, a PC ea indasteri e nang le NVIDIA GPU kapa a khomphutha ea rackmount e matsutla e ka ts'ehetsa tlhahlobo e matla ea data le mesebetsi ea ts'ebetso.

Ha o sebetsa le li-microcontrollers le lisebelisoa tse ling, li-cable testers li bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa ho netefatsa bots'epehi le ts'ebetso ea likhoele tsa serial. Ho bona ka mahlo a kelello maqhubu a maqhubu le ho netefatsa litekanyetso tsa baud, oscilloscope e bohlokoa. Bakeng sa litlhophiso tse felletseng tsa indasteri, a indasteri PC Advantech e fana ka litlhophiso tse tšepahalang, ha a PC e nyane e thata e fana ka tharollo e kopanetsoeng le e tšoarellang. Bakeng sa lintlha tsa boemo ba sesole, nahana ka a k'homphieutha ea sesole e rekisoang bakeng sa matla a eketsehileng.

Ho utloisisa Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter (UART) ho bohlokoa hape bakeng sa ho laola le ho ntlafatsa puisano ea serial ka katleho. Sesebelisoa se seng le se seng se kenya letsoho ho theheng moralo o matla haholoanyane oa puisano, ho etsa hore litšebelisano lipakeng tsa lisebelisoa li be bonolo. Bakeng sa litharollo tsa boleng bo holimo, hlahloba likhetho tse tsoang ho tse tšepahalang baetsi ba lik'homphieutha tsa indasteri e netefatsa tshebetso le ho tšepahala.

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