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Isetshenziselwa Yini Imbobo Yezimbobo?
Okuqukethwe
- 1. Izingxenye Ezibalulekile Zembobo Yezimbobo
- 2. Asebenza Kanjani Amachweba Amachweba?
- 3. Isetshenziselwani Imbobo Yezimbobo?
- 4. Amachweba we-Serial ku-Modern Computing
- 5. Ukusetha kanye nokulungiselela imbobo ye-serial
- 6. Amachweba we-Serial vs. Ezinye Izixhumi zokuxhumana
- 7. Amathuluzi Nezesekeli Zokuxhumana Kwezimbobo ze-Serial
Okuthathwayo Okubalulekile
Izingxenye Ezibalulekile Zembobo Ye-serial
Ukuqonda izingxenye zembobo ye-serial kusisiza ukuthi sibone ukuthi isebenza kanjani nokuthi isetshenziselwa ini. Izixhumi nezintambo ezisetshenziselwa ukudluliswa kwedatha zibalulekile. Isixhumi se-D-subminiature sivame kakhulu, sinezinhlobo ezifana ne-DE-9 ne-DB-25 zokusetshenziswa okuhlukile.
Ukuqonda Izixhumi ze-Serial
Izintambo zochungechunge, njengekhebuli yemodemu engenalutho, zibalulekile ekuxhumaneni kwedivayisi. Anamaphinikhodi athile okuthumela nokuthola idatha. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuze izisetshenziswa zikhulume zodwa.
Ukuphatha amazinga kagesi kubalulekile kwikhwalithi yedatha. Izinga le-baud, noma isivinini sedatha, sithinta indlela amadivayisi asebenzisana kahle ngayo. Nali ithebula elibonisa ezinye izixhumi ezijwayelekile ezijwayelekile:
| Uhlobo Lwesixhumi | I-Pin Bala | Amacala Okusetshenziswa Okujwayelekile | Amazinga kagesi | Isilinganiso se-Baud esijwayelekile |
| I-D-subminiature (DE-9) | 9 | Ama-PC amadala, Amadivayisi we-Serial | -12V ukuze +12V | 300 kuya ku-115200 bps |
| DB-25 | 25 | Amaphrinta, Amamodemu | -12V ukuze +12V | 300 kuya ku-115200 bps |
Asebenza kanjani ama-Serial Ports?
Isetshenziselwa Yini Imbobo Yezimbobo?
Izimbobo zama-serial zibalulekile ezindaweni eziningi, ikakhulukazi kumishini ezenzakalelayo yezimboni kanye nokuxhumanisa amadivaysi. Baxhuma izingxenye ezahlukene zehadiwe, benze ukuxhumana kube bushelelezi. Lokhu kuyiqiniso kuzo zombili izinhlelo ezindala nezintsha, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zisebenza kahle.
Izicelo kanye Nezimo Zokusebenzisa
Kuzilungiselelo zezimboni, izimbobo ze-serial zixhuma imishini ukulawula amasistimu. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukuqapha futhi kwenza imisebenzi isebenze kahle. Zibalulekile futhi ekulungiseni amaphutha, ukusiza ukuthola nokulungisa amaphutha ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa.
Ngisho nezinhlelo ezindala zisebenzisa izimbobo ze-serial, ezibonisa ukuthi lobu buchwepheshe buhlala isikhathi eside kangakanani. Amasistimu ashumekiwe, njengalawo akwezamukeli ze-GPS, nawo athembele kuwo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi badinga ukuxhuma amadivaysi ahlukahlukene okulandelela indawo.
Ukulingisa kwetheminali kusebenzisa izimbobo ze-serial ukuphatha ama-consoles wesistimu. Lokhu kubalulekile ekusebenziseni imiyalo nokuhlola izilungiselelo zesistimu. Ibalulekile ekulawuleni amadivayisi nokuphatha amasistimu ngempumelelo.
Amachweba we-serial ku-Modern Computing
Izimbobo ze-serial zingabonakala zindala, kodwa zisabalulekile nanamuhla. Amadivayisi amaningi, njengama-adaptha e-USB, akwenza kube lula ukuwasebenzisa ngamasistimu amasha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amasistimu amadala namadivayisi amaningi asengasebenzisa izimbobo ze-serial.
I-Evolution kanye Nokufaneleka Kwamanje
Ezinye izindawo ezibalulekile, njengamasistimu okulawula, zisadinga izimbobo ze-serial. Alula futhi anokwethenjelwa. Izindlela ezintsha zokuxhuma amadivayisi zenza izimbobo ze-serial zisebenze nobuchwepheshe besimanje. Nali ithebula elibonisa ukuthi kungani izimbobo ze-serial zisasebenziseka nanamuhla.
| Isici | Amachweba we-Serial | I-USB ne-Ethernet |
| Ukuhambisana Kwefa | Phezulu | Iyaguquguquka |
| Indlela Yokudluliswa Kwedatha | Ukusakazwa Kwedatha Ye-serial | Iphakethe-Isekelwe |
| Izindawo Zokufaka Isicelo | Instrumentation, Control Systems | Ukudluliswa Kwedatha Okujwayelekile |
| Ukusekelwa Kwedivayisi | Okujwayelekile kuma-Legacy Systems | Isekelwe Ngokubanzi |
| Ukuhlanganisa Kalula | Kuncike ku-Hardware Abstraction | Ngokuvamile kulula |
Ukusetha nokulungiselela imbobo ye-serial
Ukulungiselela imbobo ye-serial kuyisihluthulelo semishini ukuthi ikhulume yodwa. Ukucushwa kwembobo efanele kuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha ishintshaniswa kahle. Okokuqala, thola ukuthi yiziphi izilungiselelo ezidingwa idivayisi yakho.| Ukusetha | Incazelo |
| Imbobo ye-COM | Inombolo yembobo ekhonjiwe enikezwe isistimu yokusebenza. |
| Isilinganiso se-Baud | Isivinini sokudluliswa kwedatha silinganiswa ngamabhithi ngomzuzwana. |
| Izingcezu Zedatha | Inani lamabhithi ephaketheni ledatha ngalinye; okujwayelekile kungu-8 bits. |
| Ukulingana | Iphutha lokuhlola indlela, izinketho zihlanganisa akukho, ngisho, noma okungajwayelekile. |
| Misa amabhithi | Ikhombisa ukuphela kwephakethe ledatha; ngokuvamile 1 noma 2 amabhithi. |
| Ukulawula Ukugeleza | Indlela yokulawula ukudluliswa kwedatha; Izinketho zifaka ihadiwe nesoftware. |
| Ukucutshungulwa Kwesiginali | Amasu okuphatha nokwenza ngcono ubuqotho bokudluliswa kwedatha. |
| Isici | Imbobo ye-serial | I-Parallel Port | I-USB | I-Ethernet |
| Ukudluliswa kwedatha | Okulandelanayo | Ukuhambisana | I-Universal (isekelwe ku-serial) | Iphakethe lishintshiwe |
| Imikhawulo yebanga | Isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokucekelwa phansi | Ifushane ngenxa ye-crosstalk | Kuphakathi | Mude (nge i-cabling ehlelekile) |
| Uhlobo Lokuxhumana | Daisy-chaining | Khomba-kuya-iphuzu | I-topology yehabhu | I-topology yenethiwekhi |
| Amacala Okusetshenziswa Okujwayelekile | Imishini yezimboni | Amaphrinta amadala | I-peripherals yesimanje | Inethiwekhi kanye ne-inthanethi |
Amathuluzi Nezesekeli Zokuxhumana Kwembobo Ye-serial
Ukuxhumana okuphumelelayo ngezimbobo ze-serial kudinga amathuluzi akhethekile nezisekeli. Idivayisi eyisihluthulelo yi- ibhokisi lokuphumula le-serial, esiza abasebenzisi ukuthi baqaphe futhi baxazulule amaleveli esignali phakathi nokudluliswa kwedatha. Leli thuluzi libalulekile ekuxilongeni izinkinga ngesikhathi sangempela nokuqinisekisa ukuthi amasiginali ahlangabezana nokucaciswa okudingekayo. Ngezindawo ezimazombezombe, a ithebhulethi eqinile ene-Windows 11 inikeza isixazululo esiphathekayo sokuxazulula inkinga esizeni.
Imishini Edingekayo
Ezimweni zokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe, i-debugger ibalulekile ekutholeni nasekulungiseni amaphutha ohlelo angathinta ukuxhumana kwe-serial. Abalogi bedatha ye-serial nabo babalulekile ekuthwebuleni nasekuhlaziyeni ukusakazwa kwedatha, banikeze imininingwane ebalulekile kumamethrikhi okusebenza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngezidingo zokusebenza okuphezulu, i I-PC yezimboni ene-NVIDIA GPU noma a ikhompyutha ye-rackmount eqinile ingasekela ukuhlaziywa kwedatha okujulile nemisebenzi yokucubungula.
Lapho usebenza nama-microcontroller namanye amadivayisi, abahloli bezintambo babalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubuqotho nokusebenza kwezintambo ze-serial. Ukuze ubone ngeso lengqondo amagagasi esignali futhi uqinisekise amazinga e-baud, i-oscilloscope ibalulekile. Ukuze uthole ukusetha okuphelele kwezimboni, i izimboni PC Advantech inikeza ukucushwa okuthembekile, kuyilapho a i-PC encane eqinile inikeza ikhambi elihlangene futhi elihlala njalo. Ukuze uthole imininingwane yezinga lezempi, cabangela a ikhompuyutha yezempi iyathengiswa ukuze uthole ukuqina okwengeziwe.
Ukuqonda i-Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter (UART) nakho kubalulekile ekuphatheni nasekulungiseleleni ukuxhumana kwe-serial ngempumelelo. Ithuluzi ngalinye linomthelela ekudaleni uhlaka lokuxhumana oluqinile, okwenza ukusebenzisana phakathi kwamadivayisi kube bushelelezi. Ukuze uthole izixazululo zekhwalithi ephezulu, ukuhlola izinketho ezivela kwabathenjwayo abakhiqizi bekhompyutha bezimboni iqinisekisa ukusebenza nokuthembeka.
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