Twa fason pou amelyore nwayo sistèm òdinatè endistriyèl CentOS la

Pandan w ap itilize CentOS, li inevitab pou mete ajou kernel la, men pafwa akòz pwoblèm depandans konpilasyon kòd sous la, se pa tout pwogram ki sipòte dènye vèsyon kernel la, kidonk sa ki annapre yo pral prezante twa fason pou mete kernel la ajou.

Nòt:
Konsènan kalite nwayo yo:
Ml nan kernel-ml se abrevyasyon pou [mainline stable] an Anglè, epi dènye vèsyon mainline ki estab la nan elrepo-kernel la.
Lt nan kernel-lt se abrevyasyon pou [long term support] an Anglè, epi vèsyon sipò alontèm nan ki nan lis nan elrepo-kernel.
Tcheke vèsyon nwayo a
yon non -r

Tab Kontni

• 1. enstalasyon yum
• 2. Enstalasyon RPM
• 3. Enstalasyon kòd sous la

1. enstalasyon yum

1. Enpòte sous depo a
rpm --enpòte https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org
rpm -Uvh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-2.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm
2. Gade pakè enstalabl yo
yum --enablerepo="elrepo-kernel" lis --showduplicates | triye -r | grep
kernel-ml.x86_64
3. Chwazi vèsyon ML oswa LT pou enstale a
Si pa gen okenn vèsyon espesifye, dènye vèsyon an enstale pa default
Enstale vèsyon ML la
yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel enstale kernel-ml-devel kernel-ml -y
Enstale vèsyon LT a, chwazi sa a pou tout K8S yo
yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel enstale kernel-lt-devel kernel-lt -y
4. Tcheke sekans demaraj aktyèl nwayo a
awk -F\' '$1=="menuentry " {enprime $2}' /etc/grub2.cfg
5. Modifye atik demaraj default la
xxx se nimewo seri a, ki presize xyèm atik nan lis demaraj la kòm atik demaraj la, epi x kòmanse konte apati 0.
grub2-mete-default xxxx
Pa egzanp, si ou vle konfigire li pou l demarre ak kernel 4.4
Lè sa a, antre dirèkteman "grub2-set-default 0", epi ou ka rekòmanse depi 4.4 pwochen fwa ou rekòmanse.
Tcheke sekans demaraj nwayo a
[root@localhost ~] awk -F\' '$1=="menuentry " {enprime $2}' /etc/grub2.cfg
CentOS Linux (4.4.179-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Nwayo)
CentOS Linux (3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64) 7 (Nwayo)
CentOS Linux (0-rescue-6d4c599606814867814f1a8eec7bfd1e) 7 (Nwayo)
Mete nimewo sekans demaraj la
[root@localhost ~] grub2-set-default 0
Rekòmanse
rekòmanse
Tcheke vèsyon nwayo a
yon non -r

2. Enstalasyon RPM

Tcheke vèsyon nwayo a
yon non -r
1. Jwenn vèsyon an
Paske sous ELRepo a se dènye vèsyon an, ou ka sèlman telechaje ansyen vèsyon kernel la manyèlman.
Jwenn vèsyon istorik rpm kernel la:
http://mirrors.coreix.net/elrepo-archive-archive/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/
2. Ou bezwen telechaje twa kalite rpm
wget
http://mirrors.coreix.net/elrepo-archive-archive/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-lt
dev-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
wget
http://mirrors.coreix.net/elrepo-archive-archive/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-lt
antèt-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
wget
http://mirrors.coreix.net/elrepo-archive-archive/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-lt-
4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
3. Enstale nwayo a
rpm -ivh kernel-lt-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh kernel-lt-devel-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
oubyen
#Enstale tout bagay an yon sèl klike
rpm -Uvh *.rpm
4. Konfime vèsyon nwayo a ki enstale a
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep kernel
kernel-headers-3.10.0-1160.15.2.el7.x86_64
kernel-devel-3.10.0-1160.49.1.el7.x86_64
zouti-kernel-lib-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
kernel-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
kernel-ml-4.9.9-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64
kernel-lt-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64
zouti-kernel-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
kernel-lt-devel-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64

5. Mete demaraj la
Tcheke lòd demaraj la
[root@localhost ~]# awk -F\' '$1=="menuentry " {enprime $2}' /etc/grub2.cfg
CentOS Linux (4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Nwayo)
CentOS Linux (4.9.9-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Nwayo)
CentOS Linux (3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64) 7 (Nwayo)
CentOS Linux (0-rescue-b91f945269084aa98e8257311ee713c5) 7 (Nwayo)
Mete lòd demaraj la
[root@localhost ~]# grub2-set-default 0
Rekòmanse pou li pran efè
[root@localhost ~]# rdemaraj

3. Enstalasyon kòd sous la

1. Enstale pake lojisyèl prensipal la
yum enstale -y gcc fè git ctags ncurses-devel openssl-devel
yum enstale -y bison flex elfutils-libelf-devel bc
2. Kreye yon anyè konpilasyon kernel
Sèvi ak anyè kernelbuild ki anba home la
mkdir ~/kernelbuild
3. Jwenn kòd sous nwayo a
Sit mirror Inivèsite Tsinghua a:
https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kernel/v4.x/?C=M&O=D
Lòt adrès pou telechaje pake enstalasyon kòd sous la:
https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/
linux-4.xx.xx.tar.xz
linux-4.xx.xx.tar.gz
Toulede fòma yo akseptab, tar.xz gen yon pi gwo pousantaj konpresyon epi yon gwosè fichye ki pi piti.
Telechaje sou entènèt: wget https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kernel/v4.x/linux-4.17.11.tar.xz
4. Dekonprese kòd nwayo a
Apre ou fin dekonprese li, antre nan anyè sous la:
tar -xvJf linux-4.17.11.tar.xz
Pou asire ke pyebwa nwayo a pwòp nèt, antre nan anyè nwayo a epi egzekite kòmand make mrproper la:
cd linux-4.17.11
fè pwòp && fè mrproper

5. Konfigirasyon nwayo a
Kopye fichye konfigirasyon nwayo aktyèl la
config-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 se fichye konfigirasyon kernel anviwònman aktyèl mwen an, modifye li selon sitiyasyon aktyèl la.
cp /boot/config-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 .config
Konfigirasyon avanse
y aktive, n enfim, epi m aktive lè sa nesesè.
fè menuconfig: ansyen koòdone ncurses, ranplase pa nconfig
fè nconfig: Nouvo koòdone ncurses liy kòmand lan
6. Konpile epi enstale
Konpile nwayo a
Si ou gen yon machin quad-core, x ka 8.
fè -jx
Enstale nwayo a
Apre konpile kernel la, enstale: Avètisman: Apati de kounye a, ou bezwen privilèj root pou egzekite kòmand, sinon li pral echwe.
fè modules_install enstale
7. Enstale demaraj la
Tcheke sekans demaraj la
[root@localhost ~]# awk -F\' '$1=="menuentry " {enprime $2}' /etc/grub2.cfg
CentOS Linux (4.17.11-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Nwayo)
CentOS Linux (4.9.9-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Nwayo)
CentOS Linux (3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64) 7 (Nwayo)
CentOS Linux (0-rescue-b91f945269084aa98e8257311ee713c5) 7 (Nwayo)
Mete lòd demaraj la
[root@localhost ~]# grub2-set-default 0
Rekòmanse pou li pran efè
[root@localhost ~]# rdemaraj