Njira zitatu zosinthira kernel ya makina apakompyuta a mafakitale a CentOS

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito CentOS, n'zosatheka kukweza kernel, koma nthawi zina chifukwa cha mavuto okhudzana ndi kudalira ma code a source, si mapulogalamu onse omwe amathandizira mtundu waposachedwa wa kernel, kotero zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa njira zitatu zokwezera kernel.

Zindikirani:
Zokhudza mitundu ya kernel:
Ml mu kernel-ml ndi chidule cha [mainline stable] mu Chingerezi, ndipo mtundu waposachedwa wa stable mainline walembedwa mu elrepo-kernel.
Mawu akuti lt mu kernel-lt ndi chidule cha [long term support] mu Chingerezi, ndipo mtundu wa chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali walembedwa mu elrepo-kernel.
Yang'anani mtundu wa kernel
dzina -r

M'ndandanda wazopezekamo

• 1. kukhazikitsa kwa yum
• 2. Kukhazikitsa kwa RPM
• 3. Kukhazikitsa ma code oyambira

1. kukhazikitsa kwa yum

1. Lowetsani gwero la malo osungiramo zinthu
rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org
rpm -Uvh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-2.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm
2. Onani ma phukusi omwe angathe kukhazikitsidwa
yum --enablerepo="elrepo-kernel" mndandanda --showduplicates | sort -r | grep
kernel-ml.x86_64
3. Sankhani mtundu wa ML kapena LT kuti muyike
Ngati palibe mtundu womwe watchulidwa, mtundu waposachedwa umayikidwa mwachisawawa
Ikani mtundu wa ML
yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel kukhazikitsa kernel-ml-devel kernel-ml -y
Ikani mtundu wa LT, sankhani izi pa K8S zonse
yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel kukhazikitsa kernel-lt-devel kernel-lt -y
4. Yang'anani ndondomeko ya kernel boot yomwe ilipo
awk -F\' '$1=="menyuentry " {print $2}' /etc/grub2.cfg
5. Sinthani chinthu choyambira cha boot
xxx ndi nambala yotsatizana, yomwe imatchula chinthu cha x mu mndandanda wa boot ngati chinthu choyambira, ndipo x imayamba kuwerengera kuyambira 0
grub2-set-default xxxx
Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukufuna kuyiyika kuti iyambe ndi kernel 4.4
kenako lembani mwachindunji "grub2-set-default 0", ndipo mutha kuyamba kuchokera pa 4.4 nthawi ina mukayamba
Yang'anani ndondomeko ya boot ya kernel
[root@localhost ~] awk -F\' '$1=="menyuentry " {print $2}' /etc/grub2.cfg
CentOS Linux (4.4.179-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (0-rescue-6d4c599606814867814f1a8eec7bfd1e) 7 (Core)
Khazikitsani nambala ya ndondomeko ya boot
[root@localhost ~] grub2-set-default 0
Yambitsaninso
kuyambitsanso
Yang'anani mtundu wa kernel
dzina -r

2. Kukhazikitsa kwa RPM

Yang'anani mtundu wa kernel
dzina -r
1. Pezani mtundu
Popeza gwero la ELRepo ndiye mtundu waposachedwa, mtundu wakale wa kernel ukhoza kutsitsidwa pamanja kokha.
Pezani mtundu wakale wa kernel rpm:
http://mirrors.coreix.net/elrepo-archive-archive/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/
2. Muyenera kutsitsa mitundu itatu ya rpm
wget
http://mirrors.coreix.net/elrepo-archive-archive/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-lt
devel-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
wget
http://mirrors.coreix.net/elrepo-archive-archive/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-lt
mitu-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
wget
http://mirrors.coreix.net/elrepo-archive-archive/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-lt-
4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
3. Ikani kernel
rpm -ivh kernel-lt-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh kernel-lt-devel-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
kapena
#Ikani zonse mu kudina kamodzi
rpm -Uvh *.rpm
4. Tsimikizani mtundu wa kernel womwe waikidwa
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep kernel
mitu ya kernel-3.10.0-1160.15.2.el7.x86_64
kernel-devel-3.10.0-1160.49.1.el7.x86_64
zida-za kernel-libs-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
kernel-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
kernel-ml-4.9.9-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64
kernel-lt-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64
zida za kernel-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
kernel-lt-devel-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64

5. Konzani zoyambira
Yang'anani dongosolo loyambira
[root@localhost ~] # awk -F\' '$1=="menyuentry " {sindikizani $2}' /etc/grub2.cfg
CentOS Linux (4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (4.9.9-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (0-rescue-b91f945269084aa98e8257311ee713c5) 7 (Core)
Konzani dongosolo la boot
[root@localhost ~] # grub2-set-default 0
Yambitsaninso kuti igwire ntchito
[root@localhost ~] # kuyambiranso

3. Kukhazikitsa ma code oyambira

1. Ikani pulogalamu yaikulu
yum kukhazikitsa -y gcc kupanga git ctags ncurses-devel openssl-devel
yum install -y bison flex elfutils-libelf-devel bc
2. Pangani chikwatu chosonkhanitsa kernel
Gwiritsani ntchito chikwatu cha kernelbuild pansi pa tsamba la home
mkdir ~/kernelbuild
3. Pezani code ya kernel source
Tsamba loyerekeza la Tsinghua University:
https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kernel/v4.x/?C=M&O=D
Adilesi ina yotsitsa phukusi lokhazikitsa ma code a gwero:
https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/
linux-4.xx.xx.tar.xz
linux-4.xx.xx.tar.gz
Mafomu onsewa ndi ovomerezeka, tar.xz ili ndi kuchuluka kwa kupsinjika komanso kukula kwa fayilo kochepa.
Tsitsani pa intaneti: wget https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kernel/v4.x/linux-4.17.11.tar.xz
4. Tsegulani khodi ya kernel
Mukatsegula zipi yake, lowetsani chikwatu choyambira:
phula -xvJf linux-4.17.11.tar.xz
Kuti muwonetsetse kuti mtengo wa kernel ndi woyera kwathunthu, lowetsani chikwatu cha kernel ndikutsatira lamulo la make mrproper:
cd linux-4.17.11
yeretsani && pangani mrproper

5. Kapangidwe ka kernel
Koperani fayilo yosinthira kernel yomwe ilipo
config-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 ndi fayilo yosinthira kernel ya malo omwe ndili pano, isintheni malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili
cp /boot/config-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 .config
Kasinthidwe kapamwamba
y yayatsidwa, n yazimitsidwa, ndipo m yayatsidwa ikafunika.
pangani menuconfig: mawonekedwe akale a ncurses, m'malo mwake ndi nconfig
pangani nconfig: Mzere watsopano wa lamulo la ncurses mawonekedwe
6. Konzani ndi kukhazikitsa
Konzani kernel
Ngati muli ndi makina okhala ndi ma quad-core, x ikhoza kukhala 8
kupanga -jx
Ikani kernel
Mukamaliza kusonkhanitsa kernel, ikani: Chenjezo: Kuyambira pano, muyenera ufulu wa mizu kuti mugwiritse ntchito malamulo, apo ayi idzalephera.
pangani ma module_install kukhazikitsa
7. Konzani zoyambira
Chongani ndondomeko yoyambira
[root@localhost ~] # awk -F\' '$1=="menyuentry " {sindikizani $2}' /etc/grub2.cfg
CentOS Linux (4.17.11-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (4.9.9-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (0-rescue-b91f945269084aa98e8257311ee713c5) 7 (Core)
Konzani dongosolo la boot
[root@localhost ~] # grub2-set-default 0
Yambitsaninso kuti igwire ntchito
[root@localhost ~] # kuyambiranso