Iindlela ezintathu zokuphucula i-kernel yenkqubo ye-CentOS yekhompyutha yemizi-mveliso

Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kweCentOS, akunakuphepheka ukuphucula ikernel, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ngenxa yeengxaki zokuxhomekeka ekuqokeleleni ikhowudi yomthombo, ayizizo zonke iinkqubo ezixhasa inguqulelo yamva nje yekernel, ngoko ke oku kulandelayo kuza kwazisa iindlela ezintathu zokuphucula ikernel.

Phawula:
Malunga neentlobo zekernel:
I-ml kwi-kernel-ml sisifinyezo segama elithi [mainline stable] ngesiNgesi, kwaye inguqulelo yamva nje ye-stable mainline idweliswe kwi-elrepo-kernel.
I-lt kwi-kernel-lt sisifinyezo se-[long term support] ngesiNgesi, kwaye inguqulelo yenkxaso yexesha elide idweliswe kwi-elrepo-kernel.
Jonga inguqulelo yekernel
uname -r

Isiqulatho

• 1. ufakelo lwe-yum
• 2. Ufakelo lwe-RPM
• 3. Ufakelo lwekhowudi yomthombo

1. ufakelo lwe-yum

1. Ngenisa umthombo wokugcina impahla
i-rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org
rpm -Uvh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-2.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm
2. Jonga iipakeji ezinokufakeka
yum --enablerepo="elrepo-kernel" uluhlu --showduplicates | sort -r | grep
i-kernel-ml.x86_64
3. Khetha inguqulelo ye-ML okanye ye-LT ukuze uyifake
Ukuba akukho nguqulelo ikhankanyiweyo, inguqulelo yamva nje ifakelwe ngokuzenzekelayo
Faka inguqulelo ye-ML
yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel faka i-kernel-ml-devel kernel-ml -y
Faka inguqulelo ye-LT, khetha oku kuzo zonke ii-K8S
yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel faka i-kernel-lt-devel kernel-lt -y
4. Jonga ulandelelwano lwangoku lwe-kernel boot
awk -F\' '$1=="ukungena kwemenyu " {print $2}' /etc/grub2.cfg
5. Guqula into eqalayo
xxx yinombolo ye-serial, echaza into ye-xth kuluhlu lwe-boot njengento ye-boot, kwaye u-x uqala ukubala ukusuka ku-0
xxxxx-iseti-engagqibekanga ye-grub2
Umzekelo, ukuba ufuna ukuyiseta ukuba iqalise nge-kernel 4.4
uze ufake ngokuthe ngqo "grub2-set-default 0", kwaye ungaqala ukusuka kwi-4.4 kwixesha elizayo xa uqala
Jonga ulandelelwano lokuqalisa ikernel
[root@localhost ~] awk -F\' '$1=="ukungena kwemenyu " {printa $2}' /etc/grub2.cfg
I-CentOS Linux (4.4.179-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Isiseko)
I-CentOS Linux (3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64) 7 (Isiseko)
I-CentOS Linux (0-rescue-6d4c599606814867814f1a8eec7bfd1e) 7 (Isiseko)
Misela inombolo yolandelelwano lokuqalisa
[root@localhost ~] grub2-set-default 0
Qalisa kwakhona
qalisa kwakhona
Jonga inguqulelo yekernel
uname -r

2. Ufakelo lwe-RPM

Jonga inguqulelo yekernel
uname -r
1. Fumana inguqulelo
Ngenxa yokuba umthombo we-ELRepo yinguqulelo yamva nje, inguqulelo endala yekernel inokukhutshelwa ngesandla kuphela.
Fumana inguqulelo yembali ye-kernel rpm:
http://mirrors.coreix.net/elrepo-archive-archive/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/
2. Kufuneka ukhuphele iintlobo ezintathu ze-rpm
i-wget
http://mirrors.coreix.net/elrepo-archive-archive/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-lt
devel-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
i-wget
http://mirrors.coreix.net/elrepo-archive-archive/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-lt
ii-headers-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
i-wget
http://mirrors.coreix.net/elrepo-archive-archive/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-lt-
4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
3. Faka i-kernel
i-rpm -ivh kernel-lt-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
i-rpm -ivh kernel-lt-devel-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
okanye
#Faka konke ngokucofa kube kanye
rpm -Uvh *.rpm
4. Qinisekisa inguqulelo ye-kernel efakiweyo
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | i-grep kernel
ii-kernel-headers-3.10.0-1160.15.2.el7.x86_64
i-kernel-devel-3.10.0-1160.49.1.el7.x86_64
izixhobo ze-kernel-libs-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
i-kernel-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
i-kernel-ml-4.9.9-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64
i-kernel-lt-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64
izixhobo ze-kernel-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
i-kernel-lt-devel-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64

5. Misela uqaliso
Jonga iodolo yokuqalisa
[root@localhost ~] # awk -F\' '$1=="ukungena kwemenyu " {printa $2}' /etc/grub2.cfg
I-CentOS Linux (4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Isiseko)
I-CentOS Linux (4.9.9-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Isiseko)
I-CentOS Linux (3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64) 7 (Isiseko)
I-CentOS Linux (0-rescue-b91f945269084aa98e8257311ee713c5) 7 (Isiseko)
Seta i-order yokuqalisa
[root@localhost ~] # grub2-set-default 0
Qalisa kwakhona ukuze isebenze
[root@localhost ~] # ukuqalisa kwakhona

3. Ufakelo lwekhowudi yomthombo

1. Faka iphakheji yesoftware eyintloko
yum install -y gcc make git ctags ncurses-devel openssl-devel
yum install -y bison flex elfutils-libelf-devel bc
2. Yenza ulawulo lwe-kernel compilation
Sebenzisa isikhombisi se-kernelbuild phantsi kwe-home
mkdir ~/kernelbuild
3. Fumana ikhowudi yomthombo we-kernel
Indawo ebonakalayo kwiYunivesithi yaseTsinghua:
https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kernel/v4.x/?C=M&O=D
Enye idilesi yokukhuphela iphakheji yokufaka ikhowudi yomthombo:
https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/
i-linux-4.xx.xx.tar.xz
linux-4.xx.xx.tar.gz
Zombini iifomathi ziyamkeleka, i-tar.xz inesantya esiphezulu sokucinezelwa kunye nobukhulu befayile obuncinci.
Khuphela kwi-intanethi: wget https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kernel/v4.x/linux-4.17.11.tar.xz
4. Vula ikhowudi yekernel
Emva kokuyivula, faka i-source directory:
itar -xvJf linux-4.17.11.tar.xz
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba umthi we-kernel ucocekile ngokupheleleyo, faka isikhombisi se-kernel kwaye usebenzise umyalelo we-make mrproper:
i-cd linux-4.17.11
hlamba kwaye wenze i-mrproper

5. Uqwalaselo lweKernel
Khuphela ifayile yoqwalaselo lwekernel yangoku
config-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 yifayile yoqwalaselo lwekernel yendawo yam yangoku, yitshintshe ngokwemeko yokwenyani
cp /boot/config-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 .config
Uqwalaselo oluphambili
u-y uyasebenza, u-n ungasebenzi, kwaye u-m uyasebenza xa kufuneka.
yenza imenyuconfig: ujongano oludala lwe-ncurses, oluthatyathelwe indawo yi-nconfig
yenza i-nconfig: Umgca omtsha womyalelo we-ncurses interface
6. Qokelela kwaye ufake
Qulunqa i-kernel
Ukuba unomatshini we-quad-core, u-x unokuba ngu-8
yenza -jx
Faka i-kernel
Emva kokudibanisa i-kernel, faka: Isilumkiso: Ukususela apha, udinga amalungelo eengcambu ukuze usebenzise imiyalelo, kungenjalo iya kusilela.
yenza ii-modules_install install
7. Misela uqaliso
Jonga ulandelelwano lokuqalisa
[root@localhost ~] # awk -F\' '$1=="ukungena kwemenyu " {printa $2}' /etc/grub2.cfg
I-CentOS Linux (4.17.11-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Isiseko)
I-CentOS Linux (4.9.9-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Isiseko)
I-CentOS Linux (3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64) 7 (Isiseko)
I-CentOS Linux (0-rescue-b91f945269084aa98e8257311ee713c5) 7 (Isiseko)
Seta i-order yokuqalisa
[root@localhost ~] # grub2-set-default 0
Qalisa kwakhona ukuze isebenze
[root@localhost ~] # ukuqalisa kwakhona