Hanyoyi uku don haɓaka tsarin CentOS na kwamfutar masana'antu

A lokacin amfani da CentOS, ba makawa a haɓaka kernel, amma wani lokacin saboda matsalolin dogaro da lambar tushe, ba duk shirye-shirye bane ke tallafawa sabuwar sigar kernel, don haka mai zuwa zai gabatar da hanyoyi uku don haɓaka kernel.

Lura:
Game da nau'ikan kernel:
ml a cikin kernel-ml shine taƙaitaccen bayanin [mainline stable] a Turanci, kuma sabon sigar mainline mainline mainline an jera shi a cikin elrepo-kernel.
lt a cikin kernel-lt shine taƙaitaccen bayani na [tallafin dogon lokaci] a Turanci, kuma sigar tallafi ta dogon lokaci an jera ta a cikin elrepo-kernel.
Duba sigar kernel
uname -r

Teburin Abubuwan da ke Ciki

• 1. shigarwa mai kyau
• 2. Shigar da RPM
• 3. Shigar da lambar tushe

1. shigarwa mai kyau

1. Shigo da tushen ma'ajiyar
rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org
rpm -Uvh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-2.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm
2. Duba fakitin da za a iya shigarwa
yum --enablerepo="elrepo-kernel" list --showduplicates | sort -r | grep
kernel-ml.x86_64
3. Zaɓi sigar ML ko LT don shigarwa
Idan babu wata sigar da aka ƙayyade, ana shigar da sabuwar sigar ta hanyar tsoho
Shigar da sigar ML
yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel shigar da kernel-ml-devel kernel-ml -y
Shigar da sigar LT, zaɓi wannan don duk K8S
yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel shigar da kernel-lt-devel kernel-lt -y
4. Duba jerin boot ɗin kernel na yanzu
awk -F\' '$1=="menuentry " {buga $2}' /etc/grub2.cfg
5. Gyara abin da aka riga aka fara amfani da shi
xxx shine lambar serial, wanda ke ƙayyade abu na x a cikin jerin boot ɗin a matsayin abu na boot, kuma x yana fara ƙidaya daga 0
Grub2-saita-tsoho xxxx
Misali, idan kana son saita shi don yin boot tare da kernel 4.4
sannan kai tsaye shigar da "grub2-set-default 0", kuma zaka iya farawa daga 4.4 lokaci na gaba da ka fara
Duba jerin tambarin kernel
[root@localhost ~] awk -F\' '$1=="menuentry " {buga $2}' /etc/grub2.cfg
CentOS Linux (4.4.179-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (0-rescue-6d4c599606814867814f1a8eec7bfd1e) 7 (Core)
Saita lambar jerin farawa
[root@localhost ~] grub2-set-default 0
Sake yi
sake yi
Duba sigar kernel
uname -r

2. Shigar da RPM

Duba sigar kernel
uname -r
1. Nemo sigar
Saboda tushen ELRepo shine sabon sigar, tsohon sigar kernel za a iya saukar da shi da hannu kawai.
Nemo sigar tarihi ta kernel rpm:
http://mirrors.coreix.net/elrepo-archive-archive/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/
2. Kana buƙatar saukar da nau'ikan rpm guda uku
wget
http://mirrors.coreix.net/elrepo-archive-archive/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-lt
ci gaba-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
wget
http://mirrors.coreix.net/elrepo-archive-archive/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-lt
kanun labarai-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
wget
http://mirrors.coreix.net/elrepo-archive-archive/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-lt-
4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
3. Shigar da kernel
rpm -ivh kernel-lt-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh kernel-lt-devel-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
ko
# Shigar da duka a cikin dannawa ɗaya
rpm -Uvh *.rpm
4. Tabbatar da sigar kernel da aka shigar
[tushe@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep kernel
kanun labarai na kernel-3.10.0-1160.15.2.el7.x86_64
kernel-develop-3.10.0-1160.49.1.el7.x86_64
kayan aikin kernel-libs-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
kernel-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
kernel-ml-4.9.9-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64
kernel-lt-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64
kayan aikin kernel-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
kernel-lt-devel-4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64

5. Saita farawa
Duba odar farawa
[root@localhost ~]# awk -F\' '$1=="menuentry " {buga $2}' /etc/grub2.cfg
CentOS Linux (4.4.215-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (4.9.9-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (0-rescue-b91f945269084aa98e8257311ee713c5) 7 (Core)
Saita tsarin farawa
[root@localhost ~]# grub2-set-default 0
Sake kunnawa don fara aiki
[tushe@localhost ~] # sake kunnawa

3. Shigar da lambar tushe

1. Shigar da babban fakitin software
yum shigar -y gcc yi git ctags ncurses-devel openssl-devel
yum shigar -y bison flex elfutils-libelf-devel bc
2. Ƙirƙiri kundin tsarin tattara kernel
Yi amfani da kundin kernelbuild a ƙarƙashin gida
mkdir ~/kernelbuild
3. Sami lambar tushe ta kernel
Shafin madubi na Jami'ar Tsinghua:
https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kernel/v4.x/?C=M&O=D
Adireshin saukar da fakitin shigarwa na lambar tushe:
https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/
linux-4.xx.xx.tar.xz
linux-4.xx.xx.tar.gz
Dukansu tsare-tsaren suna da karɓuwa, tar.xz yana da ƙimar matsi mafi girma da ƙaramin girman fayil.
Saukewa ta yanar gizo: wget https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kernel/v4.x/linux-4.17.11.tar.xz
4. Buɗe lambar kernel ɗin
Bayan buɗe shi, shigar da babban fayil ɗin tushe:
tar -xvJf linux-4.17.11.tar.xz
Domin tabbatar da cewa itacen kernel yana da tsafta sosai, shigar da kundin kernel kuma aiwatar da umarnin make mrproper:
cd linux-4.17.11
tsaftace & kuma yi mrprofit

5. Tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta
Kwafi fayil ɗin saitin kernel na yanzu
config-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 shine fayil ɗin daidaitawar kernel na yanayin da nake ciki a yanzu, gyara shi bisa ga ainihin yanayin
cp /boot/config-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 .config
Tsarin ci gaba
an kunna y, an kashe n, kuma ana kunna m idan ana buƙata.
yi menuconfig: tsohon ncurses interface, wanda aka maye gurbinsa da nconfig
make nconfig: Sabon hanyar haɗin layin umarni na ncurses
6. Tattara kuma shigar
Tattara kernel
Idan kana da injin quad-core, x zai iya zama 8
yi -jx
Shigar da kernel
Bayan ka gama tattara kernel ɗin, sai ka shigar da: Gargaɗi: Daga nan, kana buƙatar tushen gata don aiwatar da umarni, in ba haka ba zai gaza.
sanya modules_install shigarwa
7. Saita farawa
Duba jerin farawa
[root@localhost ~]# awk -F\' '$1=="menuentry " {buga $2}' /etc/grub2.cfg
CentOS Linux (4.17.11-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (4.9.9-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (0-rescue-b91f945269084aa98e8257311ee713c5) 7 (Core)
Saita tsarin farawa
[root@localhost ~]# grub2-set-default 0
Sake kunnawa don fara aiki
[tushe@localhost ~] # sake kunnawa