5 Ngā Whakamahinga Tino Noa o te Tirohanga Mīhini

I. Whakataki ki te Tirohanga Mīhini

Ko te tirohanga mīhini, he tūāpapa o te matauranga horihori, ka whakamana i ngā rorohiko ki te whakamārama i ngā raraunga tirohanga me te tino tika o te tangata. He rerekē ki te tukatuka whakaahua tuku iho, ka whakamahia e ia te ako hohonu me ngā whatunga io hei tātari i ngā whakaahua me ngā ataata, ka huri i ngā ahumahi mā te aunoa i ngā mahi uaua. Mai i te kimi i ngā hapa i runga i ngā raina huihuinga ki te tātaritanga mate, kei te huri te tirohanga rorohiko i te āhua o tā tātou mahi me te noho. Nā tōna kaha ki te tukatuka raraunga wā-tūturu ka tino hiahiatia i roto i ngā tono pēnei i te kimi taonga, te whakaahua hauora, me ngā waka motuhake.

He aha te hiranga o te tirohanga mīhini? Ka ārahi i te whai huatanga me te tika o ngā mahi ina he ngā kanohi tangata. Hei tauira, i roto i te hanga, ka hopukina e ngā pūnaha tirotiro tirohanga ngā hapa iti rawa, ka penapenahia he miriona i roto i ngā whakahokinga mai. I roto i te hauora, ka kitea wawe te mate pukupuku e te whakaahua hauora e whakamahia ana e ngā whatunga io honohono, ka whakapai ake i ngā putanga o te tūroro. I taua wā, ka whakawhirinaki ngā waka motuhake ki te aroturuki nekehanga me te mohio tauira hei whakatere haumaru, ka whakaiti i ngā aituā. I ahu mai ēnei whanaketanga i ngā tekau tau o te rangahau, te whakakotahi i te wehewehenga whakaahua, te mohio kanohi, me te tirohanga 3D hei whakatau i ngā wero o te ao tūturu.

Ka rukuhia e tēnei tuhinga ngā tono matua o te tirohanga mīhini, e whakaatu ana i tōna pānga puta noa i ngā rāngai. Ka tūhuratia e mātou te whakamahinga a te Ahumahi 4.0 i ngā karetao me te tirotiro aunoa, me pēhea te whakarei ake a ngā kaihokohoko i te tātari whanonga a ngā kaihoko, me pēhea te whakapai ake i te whakahaere waka mā te mohio ki ngā tohu rori. Me tumanako ki ngā māramatanga ki ngā au hou pēnei i te AI whakaputa me ngā tauira reo tirohanga, i ahu mai i ngā puna pēnei i a Science.gov me IoT Analytics.

Ko tā mātou whāinga? Kia wetewetehia te āhua o te panonitanga o ngā ahumahi e te tirohanga mīhini, e whakaoho ana hoki i te auahatanga. Ahakoa he kaiārahi pakihi koe, he kairangahau, he kaiwhaiwhai hangarau rānei, ka kitea e koe ngā whakamahinga whai hua me ngā mea ka taea ā muri ake nei.

II. Te Tirohanga Mīhini i roto i te Hauora

Kei te whakarerekē te tirohanga mīhini i te hauora mā te whakarei ake i te tika o te tātaritanga me te whakahaere i te tiaki tūroro. Mā te whakamahi i te tirohanga rorohiko me te ako hohonu, ka tātarihia e ngā pūnaha ngā whakaahua hauora me te tino tika, ka hopu i ngā take ka ngaro pea i ngā kanohi tangata. Mai i te kimi i ngā mate pukupuku i te wā tōmua ki te aroturuki i te whakaoranga, kei te whakaora ora ngā tātari tirohanga e whakakahangia ana e ngā whatunga io honohono.

I roto i ngā tātaritanga, e tiaho ana te tukatuka whakaahua. Matawaihia e ngā pūnaha ngā matawai CT, MRI, me ngā hihi-X hei tautuhi i ngā āhuatanga rerekē pērā i ngā pukupuku, i ngā tauira COVID-19 rānei i roto i ngā hihi-X o te uma. Hei tauira, e whakaatu ana ngā rangahau mai i te PMC e eke ana ngā tauira AI ki te 90% neke atu i te tika i roto i te kitenga mate pukupuku o te ū, he tere ake i ngā tikanga tuku iho. Ko te tere me te pono o tēnei ko te tere ake o ngā wawaotanga.

Ngā painga anō hoki o te pokanga. Ka hipokina e te mooni whakanuia ngā whakaahua hauora wā-tūturu i roto i ngā tikanga, ka ārahi i ngā taote pokanga me te tino tika. Ka whakaatuhia e ngā taputapu pēnei i te wehewehenga whakaahua ngā wāhi nui, ka whakaiti i ngā mōrearea i roto i ngā mahi pokanga iti rawa te whakaekenga. I taua wā, ka aroturukihia e te aroturuki nekehanga ngā nekehanga o te tūroro mai i tawhiti, ka āwhina i te aroturuki whakaora me te kore e toro atu ki te hōhipera. Whakaarohia ngā aromatawai whakaora patunga mā roto i ngā taupānga waea atamai—he watea, he whai hua hoki.

Ko te pānga? Ka whakaitihia e ngā hōhipera ngā whakaroa tātaritanga, ā, ka whiwhi ngā tūroro i te tiaki whaiaro. Engari kei te mau tonu ngā wero pēnei i te tūmataitinga raraunga, me te hiahia kia haumaru ngā pūnaha hei tiaki i ngā tuhinga tairongo.

 

III. Te Tirohanga Mīhini i roto i ngā Pūnaha Kawe Waka Atamai

Kei te hurihia e te tirohanga mīhini te kawe waka, ka haumaru ake, ka mātau ake hoki ngā rori mā te tirohanga rorohiko me te ako hohonu. Mā te whakakaha i ngā pūnaha kawe waka atamai, ka taea te whakahaere waka i te wā tūturu, te kimi taonga, me te taraiwa motuhake, ka huri anō i te āhua o tā tātou neke.

Mō te haumaru o ngā waka, he tino pai te tukatuka whakaahua. Mā ngā pūnaha pēnei i a YOLO me Faster R-CNN ka kitea ngā waka, ngā kaihaerere, me ngā tohu rori me te tino tika. Mā te mohio ki ngā tohu rori ka noho mōhio tonu ngā taraiwa me ngā pūnaha motuhake, ā, mā te mohio ki ngā rama huarahi ka ārai i ngā tukinga. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau mai i te PMC i ngā pūnaha e eke ana ki te 95% te tika i roto i ngā tāone nui, ka whakaiti i ngā reiti aituā.

He nui te whakawhirinaki o ngā waka motuhake ki te tirohanga mīhini. Mai i te āwhina taraiwa Taumata 1 ki te mana motuhake Taumata 5, te aroturuki nekehanga me te mōhio tauira ka taea te whakatere i ngā taiao uaua. Mā ngā kāmera e honoa ana ki ngā whatunga io honohono ka tautuhia ngā arai i te wā tūturu, ka taea ai te huri i ngā ara haumaru, te aukati rānei i ngā āhuatanga ohorere. Ka whakamahia e ngā kamupene pēnei i a Tesla te tirohanga 3D mō ngā haerenga maeneene ake.

He pai anō hoki te aroturuki i ngā waka. Ka kitea e te aroturuki hikoi te hikoi i runga i te ara hē, ā, ka tohua e te kitenga i ngā āhuatanga rerekē ngā aituā me ngā paru. Ka whakamahia e ngā pūnaha utu atamai te wehewehenga whakaahua hei pānui i ngā pereti, hei whakahaere i ngā utu. Ka arotauhia e ēnei taputapu te rere o ngā pereti, ka whakaiti i te piripono o ngā tāone.

Kei te mau tonu ngā wero, pērā i te whakarite i te tūmataitinga o ngā raraunga i roto i te tirotiro me te whakahaere i ngā huarere kino e pā ana ki te tātari tirohanga. Heoi anō, kāore e taea te whakakorekore i te pānga—he haumaru ake ngā rori, he iti ake te marara o ngā waka.

IV. Te Tirohanga Mīhini i roto i te Hanga me te Ahumahi 4.0

He mea nui te tirohanga mīhini i roto i te Ahumahi 4.0, e akiaki ana i te whai huatanga me te tika o te hanga. Mā te whakamahi i te tirohanga rorohiko me te ako hohonu, ka taea e ngā wheketere te whakatutuki i te whakahaere kounga atamai ake, te arotau tukanga, me te whakahaere rawa, te whakaiti i ngā utu me te whakanui ake i te putanga.

Ko te tirotiro ā-kanohi te mea e ārahi ana i te tere. Mā ngā whatunga io honohono ka matawai i ngā hua mō ngā hapa pēnei i ngā karawarawa, ngā hapa rānei, he nui atu i te tika o te tangata. He rerekē ki ngā pūnaha e ahu mai ana i ngā ture, ka urutau te tukatuka whakaahua e whakahaerehia ana e te AI ki ngā hapa rerekē, ka hopu wawe i ngā take. E ai ki a IoT Analytics, ka penapenahia e te mana kounga aunoa ngā tipu tae atu ki te $172M ia tau mā te whakaiti i ngā whakahokinga mai.

Ko te arotautanga tukanga tētahi atu wikitoria. Mā te wehewehenga whakaahua ka aroturukihia ngā taputapu e ngā tātaritanga wā-tūturu, te kimi i te pakaru, te koretake rānei o te mahi. Mā te tiaki matapae, pērā i te kimi waikura, ka ārai i ngā pakaru, ka roa ake te ora o te mīhini. Mā tēnei huarahi e ahu mai ana i ngā raraunga ka noho tonu te mahi whakaputa, ka whakaitihia te wā kore mahi.

I roto i ngā whare putunga, ka whakangawari ake te tirohanga mīhini i ngā mahi whakahaere. Mā te aroturuki i ngā taonga me te kimi taonga ka tika te tatau i ngā taonga, ā, mā te OCR ka wetewete i ngā waehere pae kia pai ai te whakarōpū. Mā ngā waka rererangi me te tirohanga 3D, e whakamahia ana e ngā kamupene nunui pēnei i a Amazon, ka matawai i ngā whata i te wā tūturu, ka whakaiti i te mahi ā-ringa. Ka whakarei ake ēnei taputapu i te pai o te mekameka tuku, ka tere ake te whakatutuki i te tono.

Me aro atu ki ngā wero pēnei i te utu nui o te whakatūnga me te tūmataitinga o ngā raraunga, engari e mārama ana ngā painga: he pai ake ngā mahi whakahaere me ngā painga whakataetae.

V.Te Tirohanga Mīhini i roto i te Wāhanga Hokohoko me ngā Taupānga Kaihoko

Kei te whakahou te tirohanga mīhini i te hokohoko, e whakakotahi ana i te tirohanga rorohiko me te ako hohonu hei whakarei ake i ngā wheako kiritaki me te whakahaere i ngā mahi. Mai i ngā hokohoko whaiaro ki ngā toa atamai ake, kei te whakahou anō te ahumahi i ngā tātari hokohoko e whakakahangia ana e te tukatuka whakaahua.

Mō ngā kaihoko, ka tukuna e te mohio kanohi he wheako kua whakaritea. Ka tātarihia e ngā kāmera o roto i te toa ngā whanonga a te kaihoko, ka taea ai te whakatairanga kua tohua. Mā ngā pūnaha whakamātautau mariko, mā te whakamahi i te wehewehenga whakaahua, ka taea e ngā kaihoko te whakamātautau mamati i ngā mea whakapaipai, i ngā mōhiti rānei, ka whakapiki ake i ngā hoko. Ka whakamahia e ngā taputapu tātari kiri, pērā i ngā mea mai i L'Oréal, ngā tātari tirohanga hei taunaki i ngā hua, hei whakarei ake i te makona.

Ka whai hua ake ngā mahi toa mā te tirohanga mīhini. Ka whakaatuhia e ngā mahere wera mai i te aroturuki nekehanga ngā wāhi e nui ana te haere o ngā tāngata, ka arotau i ngā tahora. Ka whakaitihia ngā mate e te kitenga tahae mā roto i ngā pūnaha tirotiro, mā te AI e kite ngā nekehanga whakapae i te wā tūturu. E ai ki tētahi pūrongo IoT Analytics 2023, e penapena ana ngā kaihokohoko i te 15% i runga i te whakahekenga mā te whakamahi i te kitenga ahanoa.

He pai hoki te whakahaere taonga. Ka aroturukihia e te mohiotanga whakaahua ngā taumata taonga, ka whakaitihia te nui rawa o ngā taonga. Ka matawaihia e te OCR ngā tapanga, ka tere ake te whakahokinga mai o ngā taonga. Ka whakapakarihia e ēnei taputapu te mekameka tuku, ka whakarite kia tutuki ngā hua i te hiahia. Hei tauira, ka honoa ngā whata me ngā ota ipurangi e ngā pūnaha tirohanga a Walmart.

Ko ngā wero pēnei i te tūmataitinga o ngā raraunga me whai tikanga pakari, engari he mārama te hua: he kiritaki harikoa ake, he mahi hiroki ake.

VI. Ngā Auahatanga Hou me ngā Aronga o te Ao

Kei te tere haere te whanaketanga o te tirohanga mīhini, nā ngā putanga hou o te mātauranga horihori me ngā whanaketanga taputapu. E oati ana ēnei au ki te whakawhānui ake i ngā tono, mai i te karetao atamai ake ki te tirohanga rorohiko matatika, e hanga ana i tētahi heke mai hihiri.

Ko ngā auahatanga ako hōhonu te arataki. Ko ngā hoahoa whakawhiti, pērā i ngā mea kei roto i ngā tauira reo tirohanga, ka whakakotahi i ngā tuhinga me ngā whakaahua mō ngā mahi pēnei i te whakautu pātai tirohanga. Ko te AI whakaputa, tae atu ki ngā tauira horapa me ngā GAN, ka hanga raraunga hangai, ka whakaiti i te korenga o ngā huinga raraunga. E ai ki tētahi rangahau Springer i te tau 2023, ka tapahia e ēnei tauira ngā utu whakangungu mā te 20%, ka whakanui ake i te pai o te tukatuka whakaahua.

Ka whakanui ake ngā whanaketanga taputapu i ngā āheinga. Ko ngā kāmera tirohanga mīhini iti, he mea pai mō te whakaahua pūtaiao, ka tuku raraunga taumira teitei i roto i ngā āhua kiato. Ka tere ake te whakatinanatanga o te FPGA i ngā tātaritanga wā-tūturu, he mea nui mō ngā waka motuhake me te Ahumahi 4.0. Ka whakarei ake ngā maramara hou i ngā whatunga io honohono, ka tere ake, ka iti ake hoki te utu o ngā pūnaha.

He nui ngā wero matatika. E hiahia ana ngā āwangawanga mō te tūmataitinga raraunga, inā koa mō te mohio kanohi, kia kaha ake ngā ture. Me whakataurite ngā pūnaha manatoko koiora i te haumarutanga me te whakawhirinaki o ngā kaiwhakamahi. I taua wā, ko te tūponotanga o te aunoatanga ka whakakore i ngā mahi pūkenga iti, ka hiahiatia he whakangungu anō mō ​​ngā kaimahi, e ai ki te IoT Analytics.

He tohu ēnei ia mō tētahi ao hou ka honoa pai ai te tirohanga mīhini ki te oranga o ia rā, mai i te whakaahua hauora ki te whakahaere waka.

VII. Whakamutunga

Kua puta ake te tirohanga mīhini hei pūkaha, e akiaki ana i te panonitanga o te ahumahi puta noa i te hauora, te kawe waka, te hanga, me te hokohoko. Mā te whakamahi i te tirohanga rorohiko, te ako hohonu, me te tukatuka whakaahua, ka tukuna he otinga tirohanga mīhini e whakarei ake ana i te pai me te tika. I roto i te hauora, ka whakarei ake te whakaahua hauora i te tika o te tātaritanga, ka whakaora i ngā oranga. Ka whakawhirinaki ngā waka aunoa ki te kimi mea mō ngā rori haumaru ake, ko te Ahumahi 4.0 ia ka whakamahi i te tirotiro tirohanga hei whakaiti i ngā utu. Ka whakamahia e te hokohoko te mohio kanohi me te tātari hokohoko hei whakapai ake i ngā wheako kiritaki, e whakaatu ana i te maha o ngā whakamahinga o te hangarau.

Ehara i te mea he kōrero hangarau noa iho tēnei—he pānga tūturu. Kei te whakaoti rapanga uaua ngā whatunga io honohono me ngā tauira reo tirohanga, mai i te whakahaere waka ki te aroturuki i ngā taonga. Heoi anō, ko ngā wero pēnei i te tūmataitinga raraunga me te nekehanga mahi e hiahia ana ki ngā huarahi AI matatika. Mā te auahatanga kawenga ka whai hua te tirohanga mīhini ki te katoa, me te whakataurite i te ahunga whakamua me te whakawhirinaki.

He mārama te heke mai engari me mahi. Me tūhura ngā pakihi i ngā tātaritanga wā-tūturu me te AI whakaputa kia noho whakataetae tonu ai. Ka taea e ngā kairangahau te pana i ngā rohe me ngā hoahoa whakawhiti, engari me whakatairanga ngā kaihanga kaupapa here i te tūmataitinga raraunga. E ai ki te IoT Analytics, ka kite ngā kamupene e whakamahi ana i ngā otinga tirohanga mīhini i te pikinga o te whai huatanga tae atu ki te 25%, he take nui tēnei hei mahi.

Mō te whakatinanatanga, me mahi tahi me ngā kaimahi whai wheako ngā kaihanga rorohiko tāmau he mea nui, inā koa i te wā e whakatinana ana i ngā otinga pēnei i te AFE-R770 mō ngā tono taumata-ahumahi. He rorohiko tāmau ahumahi ka taea te whakahaere i ngā taiao uaua, me te tuku pono me te mahi pumau. Ngā taputapu pēnei i te Rorohiko Iti Ahumahi J1900 he tino pai mō te tukatuka taha, ko te mahi teitei ia pouaka PC whakauru ka taea te whakakaha i ngā kawenga mahi AI matatau i te mara.