Debian vs Ubuntu: Wanne Rarraba Linux ya dace a gare ku?

Teburin Abubuwan Ciki

• 1. Gabatarwa
• 2. Menene Debian?
• 3. Menene Ubuntu?
• 4. Mabuɗin Bambanci Tsakanin Debian da Ubuntu
• 5. Wanne Yafi Maka?

Gabatarwa

Idan ya zo ga rarrabawar Linux, Debian da Ubuntu sune biyu mafi shahara kuma zaɓin da aka tattauna sosai. Kowannensu yana da ƙarfinsa kuma yana jan hankalin nau'ikan masu amfani daban-daban. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu shiga cikin mahimman bambance-bambancen tsakanin Debian vs Ubuntu, yana taimaka muku yanke shawara game da wanda ya fi dacewa da bukatun ku.

A. Bayanin Debian da Ubuntu

Debian yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi tsufa kuma mafi tsayayyen rarrabawar Linux. An san shi don amincinsa da tsaro, Debian gogaggun masu amfani, masu haɓakawa, da sabar a duk duniya ke amfani da su. Yana aiki a matsayin tushe don wasu rarrabawar Linux da yawa, tare da Ubuntu kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin sanannun abubuwan haɓakawa. Debian yana mai da hankali kan kwanciyar hankali akan abubuwan da aka yanke, wanda ya sa ya zama kyakkyawan zaɓi ga masu amfani da ke neman ingantaccen tsarin dogon lokaci.

A gefe guda, Ubuntu shine mafi rarraba abokantaka mai amfani wanda aka gina akan saman Debian. An ƙera shi don samar da ƙwarewa mai sauƙi da sauƙi don masu farawa da masu amfani gaba ɗaya. Tare da sabuntawa na yau da kullun, fakitin software da yawa, da goyon bayan al'umma mai ƙarfi, Ubuntu ya sami shahara sosai don kwamfutoci na sirri, sabobin, har ma da aikace-aikacen tushen girgije.

Menene Debian?

Debian yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi mutuntawa kuma amintaccen rarrabawar Linux da ake samu a yau. An san shi don kwanciyar hankali, tsaro, da zaɓuɓɓukan gyare-gyare masu yawa, yana mai da shi zaɓin da aka fi so ga masu haɓakawa da masu gudanar da sabar. A cikin wannan sashe, za mu bincika abin da ya sa Debian ta bambanta da kuma dalilin da yasa ake amfani da ita sosai.

A. Tarihi da Fage

An ƙaddamar da shi a cikin 1993 ta Ian Murdock, Debian an ƙera shi don zama tsarin aiki mai buɗewa wanda zai iya haɗa mafi kyawun rarrabawar Linux daban-daban. A cikin shekaru da yawa, ya zama ɗaya daga cikin mafi shahara kuma barga rabawa a cikin yanayin yanayin Linux. Tsananin tsarin Debian na software na kyauta ya sanya ta zama abin fi so ga waɗanda ke ba da fifiko ga yanci da sarrafa tsarin aikin su.

Mabuɗin Mahimmanci a Tarihin Debian:

1993: Farkon sakin Debian

2000: Debian ta karɓi "kwangilar zamantakewa" da ke ba da garantin software kyauta

2005: An kafa tsayayyen tsarin sakin Debian

2015: Debian yana fitar da manyan sabuntawa akai-akai, yana bin ƙayyadadden yanayin sakewa

B. Mabuɗin Siffofin Debian

Debian ya fice saboda mayar da hankali kan kwanciyar hankali, tsaro, da sassauci. Wasu daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da ke tattare da shi sun haɗa da:

Tsawon Lokaci: An san Debian don dogayen zagayowar sakin sa da tsayayyen sakewa. Ya dace don sabobin, inda lokacin aiki da aminci ke da mahimmanci.

Gudanarwar Kunshin: Debian yana amfani da tsarin APT (Advanced Package Tool), wanda ke sa shigar software da sabuntawa cikin sauƙi. Tsarin APT yana goyan bayan fakitin bashi, yana tabbatar da sarrafa fakiti mai santsi da tsaro.

Manyan Ma'ajiyar Software: Tare da samun dama ga fakitin software sama da 50,000, masu amfani da Debian suna da kusan kewayon aikace-aikace marasa iyaka a tafin hannunsu. Wannan yana da fa'ida ga masu haɓakawa waɗanda ke buƙatar software na musamman don haɓakawa, gwaji, ko sarrafa uwar garken.

Tsaro: Debian tana da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun tsaro waɗanda ke tabbatar da cewa an daidaita duk wani lahani cikin sauri. Wannan ya sa Debian ɗaya daga cikin mafi amintattun rarrabawar Linux.

Daidaitawa: Debian yana ba da babban sassauci, yana ba masu amfani damar gina tsarin su daga ƙasa. Yana da kyau ga masu amfani da ci gaba waɗanda ke son keɓance mahallin su kuma daidaita tsarin aiki zuwa bukatunsu.

C. Nau'in Sakin Debian

Debian yana ba da manyan nau'ikan sakewa guda uku, kowanne yana yin amfani da lokuta daban-daban. Tashoshin saki uku sune:

Barga

Sakin Stable shine mafi shahara kuma ana amfani dashi ko'ina. An gwada shi sosai kuma an yi la'akari da mafi ingancin sigar Debian, yana mai da shi manufa don yanayin samarwa, sabar, da sauran tsarin inda kwanciyar hankali ke da mahimmanci. Sabuntawar sakewa suna karɓar sabuntawar tsaro da gyare-gyaren kwaro amma babu sabon fasali sai dai idan suna da alaƙa da tsaro.

Gwaji

Sakin Gwaji juzu'i ce mai birgima wacce ta haɗa da sabbin nau'ikan software idan aka kwatanta da sakin Stable. Ya dace da masu amfani waɗanda ke son daidaito tsakanin kwanciyar hankali da ikon gwada sabbin fakiti. Duk da yake ba ta da ƙarfi kamar sakin Stable, har yanzu ana la'akari da abin dogaro ga yawancin lokuta masu amfani.

Rashin kwanciyar hankali

Sakin mara ƙarfi, wanda galibi ake kira Sid, shine inda aka fara ƙaddamar da sabbin fakitin. Ana ba da shawarar ga masu haɓakawa da masu sha'awar waɗanda ke jin daɗin sabuntawa akai-akai da rashin kwanciyar hankali. Ana ci gaba da sabunta Sid tare da sabuwar software kuma bai dace da tsarin samarwa ko ƙwararrun masu amfani ba.

D. Abubuwan Amfani da Debian

Debian yana da dacewa sosai kuma ana iya amfani dashi a wurare daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin abubuwan da aka fi amfani da su sun haɗa da:

Muhallin uwar garken: Saboda kwanciyar hankali da tsaro, Debian babban zaɓi ne don gudanar da sabar yanar gizo, sabar bayanai, sabar fayil, da ƙari.

Rukunin Ayyukan Raya: Masu haɓakawa sun yaba da sassauci da ikon shigar da yarukan shirye-shirye da kayan aikin cikin sauƙi.

Tsarin Linux na Musamman: Halin nauyin nauyi na Debian yana ba masu amfani damar ƙirƙirar ƙananan tsarin da aka keɓance ga takamaiman buƙatu, ko na na'urorin IoT ne ko tsarin da aka haɗa.

Ayyukan Cloud: Tare da ingantaccen aikin sa da ƙarancin sama, Debian kuma sanannen zaɓi ne don tsarin tushen girgije da injunan kama-da-wane.

Menene Ubuntu?

Ubuntu yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun rabawa Linux masu amfani da ake samu a yau. Canonical Ltd ya haɓaka kuma ya kiyaye shi, ya zama sanannen zaɓi don duka tebur da mahallin uwar garke. An san shi don sauƙin amfani, aminci, da al'umma mai aiki, Ubuntu ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin rarrabawa wanda ke sa Linux samun dama ga masu farawa yayin da har yanzu yana ba da fasali na ci gaba ga masu amfani da gogaggen.

A. Tarihi da Fage

An fara sakin Ubuntu a cikin 2004 kuma cikin sauri ya sami farin jini saboda sauƙi da tsarin sa na mai amfani. An gina shi a saman Debian, yana gadon kwanciyar hankali yayin yin haɓaka da yawa don sauƙin amfani. Canonical, kamfanin da ke bayan Ubuntu, ya mai da hankali kan samar da damar Ubuntu ga ɗimbin masu sauraro, daga masu amfani da tebur na yau da kullun zuwa sabar matakin kamfanoni da yanayin girgije.

Mabuɗin Mahimmanci a cikin Tarihin Ubuntu:

2004: Farkon sakin Ubuntu 4.10 ("Warty Warthog")

2006: Gabatarwar Tallafin Dogon Lokaci (LTS) sakewa

2010: Ubuntu Unity Desktop ya gabatar

2017: Ubuntu ya canza daga Unity zuwa GNOME tebur

2020: Ubuntu ya fara mai da hankali kan fakitin Snap da kwantena don girgije da amfani da IoT

B. Key Features na Ubuntu

An tsara Ubuntu don zama mai sauƙin shigarwa, amfani, da kiyayewa, tare da mai da hankali kan ƙwarewar mai amfani. Siffofinsa sun haɗa da:

GNOME muhallin Desktop: Tsohuwar muhallin tebur na Ubuntu shine GNOME, yana ba da tsaftataccen mahallin mai amfani na zamani. Wannan yana da fa'ida musamman ga masu amfani waɗanda suka fi son sauƙi da inganci a cikin aikin su.

Cibiyar Software da Fakitin Snap: Cibiyar Software ta Ubuntu tana ba masu amfani damar yin bincike da shigar da dubban aikace-aikace cikin sauƙi. Tare da gabatarwar fakitin Snap, masu amfani da Ubuntu za su iya samun damar software da ke aiki a cikin rarraba Linux da yawa tare da daidaitaccen aiki da sabuntawa.

Sabuntawa akai-akai: Ba kamar Debian ba, wanda ke bin tsarin sakewa a hankali, Ubuntu yana ba da sabuntawa akai-akai, yana samar da sabbin abubuwa da haɓakawa. Sabuntawar LTS (Taimakon Dogon Lokaci) yana karɓar shekaru 5 na sabuntawar tsaro da gyaran kwaro, yayin da ana goyan bayan fitowar yau da kullun na watanni 9.

Tsaro da Ayyuka: Ubuntu yana amfana daga facin tsaro na yau da kullun da ƙungiyar tsaro mai aiki. Bugu da ƙari, an inganta shi don yin aiki, yana samar da mafita na waje ga yawancin masu amfani ba tare da buƙatar daidaitawa ba.

Babban Takardu da Tallafin Al'umma: Ubuntu yana goyon bayan ɗayan manyan al'ummomin Linux, yana ba da albarkatu masu yawa kamar taron tattaunawa, koyawa, da takaddun hukuma. Wannan ya sa ya zama sauƙi ga masu farawa da masu amfani da ci gaba don magance batutuwa da samun taimako.

C. Nau'in Sakin Ubuntu

An san Ubuntu don jadawalin sakin sa na yau da kullun, yana ba da manyan nau'ikan sakewa guda biyu:

Taimako na Dogon Lokaci (LTS)

Ana tallafawa sakin LTS na shekaru 5, tare da sabuntawar tsaro da gyaran kwaro. Waɗannan fitowar sun dace don masu amfani waɗanda ke buƙatar ingantaccen yanayi mai aminci, kamar kasuwanci da masana'antu. Sakin LTS na baya-bayan nan shine Ubuntu 22.04 LTS ("Jammy Jellyfish").

Saki na wucin gadi

Ana yin waɗannan fitowar kowane wata shida kuma suna ba da dama ga sabbin fasalolin software. Koyaya, ana tallafawa kawai watanni 9, yana mai da su mafi dacewa ga masu amfani waɗanda ke son sabbin kayan aiki da sabuntawa amma suna son haɓakawa akai-akai.

Babban Bambanci Tsakanin Debian da Ubuntu

B. Kunshin Gudanarwa

Duka Debian kuma Ubuntu amfani APT (Babban Kunshin Tool) don sarrafa software, amma akwai wasu bambance-bambance a yadda suke sarrafa fakiti.

1. Gudanar da Kunshin Debian

Debian yana amfani da shi .deb tsarin kunshin, wanda kuma Ubuntu ke amfani dashi. Koyaya, tsarin Debian don sarrafa fakiti ya fi yawa masu ra'ayin mazan jiya. Fakiti a cikin Debian's Barga Ana gwada reshe da ƙarfi don tabbatar da abin dogaro da aminci, amma wannan yana haifar da fakitin sun ɗan tsufa idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda ke ciki. Ubuntu.

Debian yana amfani Bayani na APT don shigarwa da sabunta fakiti, tare da ɗimbin ma'aji na sama fakiti 50,000. Tsarin gudanarwa na kunshin yana da kwanciyar hankali kuma yana da kyau a rubuce, yana sa ya dace da shi ci-gaba masu amfani waɗanda suka fi son iko mai kyau akan yanayin software.

2. Ubuntu's Package Management

Ubuntu kuma yana amfani da shi Bayani na APT don sarrafa kunshin amma yana mai da hankali kan yin shigarwa da sabuntawa azaman mai sauƙin amfani gwargwadon yiwuwa. Bugu da ƙari, Ubuntu ya ƙaddamar Fakitin karye kuma Flatpak goyon baya, wanda ke samar da mafi zamani kuma mafi dacewa hanya don shigar da aikace-aikace a cikin rarraba Linux daban-daban. Tsaya fakiti, musamman, aikace-aikace ne na sandbox wanda za'a iya shigar dasu kowane Tsarin Linux, ba tare da la'akari da rarrabawar tushen ba.

Ubuntu Cibiyar Software yana ba da ƙirar hoto don sarrafa fakiti, yana sauƙaƙa ga masu farawa da masu amfani na yau da kullun don shigarwa da cire software ba tare da buƙatar amfani da layin umarni ba. The Store Store Har ila yau, yana ba da damar yin amfani da nau'i-nau'i masu yawa aikace-aikace na zamani, gami da software na mallaka, wanda ƙila ba za a samu a daidaitattun ma'ajin Debian ba.

C. Kwarewar Mai amfani da Muhalli na Desktop

Duka Debian kuma Ubuntu suna ba da yanayi mai ƙarfi na tebur, amma suna kula da nau'ikan masu amfani daban-daban.

1. Muhalli na Desktop na Debian

Debian yana ba masu amfani da wani zabi na yanayin tebur a lokacin shigarwa. Wasu zaɓuɓɓukan da ake da su sun haɗa da GNOME, INA, XFCE, kuma LXDE. Tsohuwar yanayin tebur na Debian shine GNOME, amma masu amfani suna iya canzawa cikin sauƙi zuwa wasu wurare dangane da abubuwan da suke so.

Yanayin tebur na Debian yana da matuƙar gyare-gyare, amma yana iya buƙatar ƙari daidaitawar hannu idan aka kwatanta da Ubuntu. Wannan fa'ida ce ga ci-gaba masu amfani waɗanda ke son cikakken iko akan saitin tsarin su amma suna iya zama mai ƙarfi ga masu farawa.

2. Muhalli na Desktop na Ubuntu

Ubuntu yana amfani GNOME azaman mahallin tebur ɗin sa na asali, kama da Debian, amma tare da gyare-gyare da yawa don ƙara shi mai amfani-friendlyUbuntu Hadin kai dubawa shi ne tsoho har sai 2017, lokacin da ta koma GNOME, amma tare da Ubuntu-takamaiman gyare-gyare kamar a Dock a gefen hagu na allon.

Ubuntu mai amfani dubawa yana gogewa, mai hankali, kuma an tsara shi don biyan duka biyun mafari kuma gogaggun masu amfani. The Cibiyar Software ta Ubuntu yana ba da sauƙin samun dama ga aikace-aikace iri-iri, yayin da ƙwarewar tebur ta tsohuwa ta daidaita don rage rikitarwa.

D. Tallafi da Al'umma

1. Al'ummar Debian

Al'ummar Debian sun ƙunshi ƙwararrun ƙwararru masu haɓakawa, sysadmins, kuma masu sha'awa. Ba shi da tsarin tallafi na kasuwanci na yau da kullun, amma yana da babba al'ummar duniya wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga dandalin tattaunawa, jerin aikawasiku, da takaddun shaida. Ga masu amfani waɗanda ke buƙatar tallafi, akwai albarkatu da yawa da ake samu ta hanyar Debian Wiki, forums, da online al'umma kamar Reddit.

2. Al'ummar Ubuntu

Ubuntu, kasancewar samfur na Canonical Ltd., yana da ƙari zaɓuɓɓukan tallafi na yau da kullun, musamman ga abokan ciniki-matakin kasuwanci. Baya ga tallafin al'umma ta hanyar tarurruka da tashoshi na IRC, Ubuntu yana bayarwa tallafin da aka biya ta hanyar Canonical's Amfanin Ubuntu shirin. Wannan sabis ɗin yana ba da taimako na ƙwararru, gami da sabunta tsaro, kiyayewa, kuma shawara.

Ubuntu yana da ɗimbin jama'a na masu amfani da masu ba da gudummawa, yana sauƙaƙa samun taimako da albarkatu don magance matsalolin gama gari.

E. Ayyukan Ayyuka da Albarkatun Tsarin

1. Ayyukan Debian

An san Debian da rashin nauyi kuma ana iya daidaita shi sosai. Tunda yana samar da mafi ƙarancin shigarwa na tushe, masu amfani zasu iya ƙirƙirar ingantaccen tsarin da ya dace da takamaiman bukatunsu. Ayyukan Debian yana da kyau a kan tsofaffin kayan masarufi ko tsarin tare da iyakataccen albarkatu, saboda baya haɗa da software mara amfani ta tsohuwa.

2. Ayyukan Ubuntu

Ubuntu ya ɗan yi nauyi idan aka kwatanta da Debian, galibi saboda ƙirar abokantaka mai amfani da aikace-aikacen da aka riga aka shigar. Koyaya, aikin Ubuntu yana da kyau ga kayan aikin zamani, kuma an inganta shi sosai don yanayin tebur da sabar. Ga masu amfani waɗanda ke son ingantaccen tsarin kai tsaye daga cikin akwatin, Ubuntu babban zaɓi ne.

Wanne Yafi Maka?

A karshe, Debian ya dace da masu amfani waɗanda ke son sarrafawa da kwanciyar hankali, yayin da Ubuntu ya fi dacewa ga waɗanda suka fi son sauƙin amfani, tsarin zamani tare da kyakkyawan tallafi da haɗin kai na girgije.

Don ƙarin bayani akan Advantech Embedded PC, duba wannan cikakken jagorar. Idan kana neman wani PC masana'antu tare da Nvidia GPU, muna da zaɓuɓɓuka don hakan ma. A matsayin gogaggen Masana'antar Kwamfuta na Masana'antu, Mun samar da high quality-, customizable mafita.

Idan bukatun ku sun ƙunshi a Industrial Rack Dutsen Computer, Muna ba da nau'o'i daban-daban da aka tsara don saduwa da buƙatun yanayin masana'antu masu tsauri. Mun kuma kware a ciki Advantech Masana'antu PC, yana ba da mafita mai mahimmanci don ayyuka masu rikitarwa. Ga wadanda ke neman na'ura mai karko, mai dorewa, namu Masana'antu Tablet Android samfura suna ba da aminci a cikin yanayi masu wahala.

Shawarwari Labarun:

vga tashar jiragen ruwa vs serial tashar jiragen ruwa

Intel core 7 vs i7

pre-mallaka vs refurbished

Menene bambanci tsakanin 5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 bluetooth?

sodimm vs dimm

menene direban chipset

masana'antu pc vs plc