Linux Mint vs Ubuntu: Niyihe OS ikubereye?

Imbonerahamwe

• 1. Intangiriro
• 2. Amateka n'amateka
• 3. Ibidukikije bya desktop
• 4. Imikorere na sisitemu yo gukoresha ibikoresho
• 5. Gucunga porogaramu no gucunga ibikoresho
• 6. Guhindura no gukoresha interineti
• 7. Kuboneka kwa software no guhuza
• 8. Umutekano ninkunga
• 9. Intego yabateze amatwi kandi ukoreshe imanza

I. Intangiriro

II. Amateka n'amateka

Linux Mint na Ubuntu byombi bisangiye urufatiro, byubatswe kuri Debian, ariko amateka yabo agaragaza inzira zitandukanye nibyingenzi.

Ubuntu, bwakozwe na Canonical, bwasohotse bwa mbere mu 2004 hagamijwe gutuma Linux irushaho kuboneka. Canonical yibanze mugutezimbere umukoresha-gukwirakwiza gukwirakwiza kenshi, inkunga ikomeye, hamwe na GNOME ishingiye kuri desktop y'ibidukikije. Ubuntu bwaje guhagararira kwakirwa kwa Linux haba muri mudasobwa y’abaguzi ndetse n’ibidukikije. Ubuntu bwo gusohora butanga ibyasohotse bibiri: ibisanzwe amezi atandatu asohoka hamwe na LTS (Long-Term Support), itanga imyaka itanu yo kuvugurura umutekano, bigatuma ihitamo imishinga nabateza imbere.

Linux Mint yatangijwe mu 2006 kugirango ikemure bimwe mubibazo abakoresha Ubuntu ba mbere bari bafite. Yashatse koroshya uburambe bwabakoresha mugushyiramo interineti isa na Windows muri Cinnamon, MATE, na Xfce desktop. Linux Mint yahise imenyekana kuko kubworoshye bwo gukoresha, gukoresha umutungo muke, hamwe nubushobozi bwo hanze-busanduku, burimo codecs zamakuru zashizweho mbere. Mugihe Mint yubatswe kuri verisiyo ya LTS ya Ubuntu, iratandukanya ikuraho ibikoresho bya Snap ya Canonical kandi itanga ibisobanuro byinshi hamwe na Flatpak.

Isaranganya ryombi ritanga ibidukikije bifite umutekano kandi bifite umutekano, ariko Linux Mint yibanda kubakoresha kwifashisha no koroshya imikoreshereze ituma bikundwa cyane nabashya, mugihe Ubuntu bwagutse hamwe ninkunga bikurura abantu benshi.

III. Ibidukikije bya Ibiro

Imwe muntandukanyirizo zikomeye hagati ya Linux Mint na Ubuntu ni ibidukikije bya desktop buri kugabura gutanga. Ibidukikije bigira imiterere yumukoresha, kugendagenda, hamwe nuburambe muri rusange, bigatuma biba ikintu cyingenzi muguhitamo hagati yombi.

Cinnamon, ibidukikije bya desktop muri Linux Mint, ni kimwe muri byinshi biboneka. Cinnamon ifite imiterere ya desktop ya classique yigana cyane interineti ya Windows, byorohereza abakoresha kwimuka bava muri Windows. Birazwiho guhuza cyane, kuremereye, hamwe na menu yoroheje ishingiye. Linux Mint nayo ishyigikira MATE na Xfce, yoroshye kurusha Cinnamon kandi ikwiranye na mudasobwa ishaje cyangwa nkeya.

Ku rundi ruhande, Ubuntu, bwohereza hamwe na desktop ya GNOME nkibisanzwe. GNOME ni ibidukikije bigezweho, byiza kandi bifite isura ntoya kandi byibanda kubikorwa. Ifite ibiranga nka dock kuruhande rwibumoso hamwe nincamake yibikorwa kugirango igere vuba kuri Windows na porogaramu. Ubuntu ifite kandi verisiyo hamwe nibindi bidukikije bya desktop, nka Kubuntu (hamwe na KDE Plasma), Lubuntu (hamwe na LXQt), na Xubuntu (hamwe na Xfce).

Icyemezo hagati ya Linux Mint na Ubuntu akenshi biterwa nibidukikije bya desktop bihura nakazi kawe hamwe nibikoresho bikenewe.

IV. Imikorere na Sisitemu Ibikoresho

Iyo ugereranije Linux Mint vs Ubuntu, imikorere no gukoresha ibikoresho bya sisitemu nibitekerezo byingenzi, cyane cyane kubakoresha bafite ibyuma bishaje cyangwa bidafite imbaraga.

Linux Mint izwi cyane kuba yoroheje, cyane cyane iyo ukoresheje Cinnamon, MATE, cyangwa Xfce desktop. Ibidukikije bya desktop birakoresha ibikoresho, bigatuma Linux Mint ihitamo neza kubikoresho bishaje cyangwa sisitemu ifite CPU na RAM nkeya. Kurugero, Linux Mint hamwe na Xfce irashobora gukora neza hamwe na 2GB ya RAM, bigatuma ihitamo neza kubantu bashaka kuvugurura tekinoloji ishaje. Ndetse na Cinnamon, iremereye muri bitatu, irakoresha neza kuruta GNOME.

Ubuntu, mugihe ikiri sisitemu yo hejuru ikora cyane, ikenera ibikoresho byinshi bya sisitemu. Ubusanzwe desktop ya GNOME desktop irazwi cyane kubijyanye na kijyambere, isukuye, nubwo ikoresha CPU na RAM nyinshi. Nkigisubizo, Ubuntu irashobora kugaragara nkigenda gahoro kubikoresho bishaje kuruta Linux Mint. Ariko, iruta sisitemu zubu zifite imbaraga zo gutunganya cyane, zitanga uburambe kandi bwitondewe.

Mu gusoza, Linux Mint itanga imikorere myinshi kuri PC-ifite ibikoresho bike, mugihe Ubuntu ikora neza kuri mudasobwa nshya, zifite ingufu nyinshi.

V. Gucunga porogaramu

Nuburyo Linux Mint na Ubuntu byombi bishingiye kuri Debian kandi bigakoresha umuyobozi wa pack ya APT gucunga.deb yamapaki, uburyo bwabo bwo kwinjiza software no gucunga paki buratandukanye cyane.

Linux Mint ishyira imbere uburyo bworoshye, bworohereza abakoresha gucunga gahunda. Ikoresha ikoreshwa rya Mint Software Manager, byoroshye gukoresha kandi ifite inkunga ya Flatpak. Flatpak yemerera abakoresha kwinjizamo porogaramu mugukwirakwiza kwinshi nta ngorane zihuza, zitanga ubwisanzure burenze Snap. Mint itanga Synaptic Package Manager kubantu bahitamo igisubizo cyiza cyo gucunga neza.

Byongeye kandi, Linux Mint yakuyeho inkunga ya Snap muburyo budasanzwe, itanga ubundi buryo kubashaka gufungura isoko-na software ya distro-agnostic.

Ku rundi ruhande, Ubuntu, ikubiyemo Snap pack nyinshi. Snap ya Canonical yemerera abantu bose kwishingikiriza hamwe mugapaki kamwe, bigatuma kwishyiriraho byoroha kubakoresha bamwe. Snap, kurundi ruhande, amacakubiri mumuryango wa Linux kuva ifunze-isoko, kandi yazamuye ibibazo byimikorere. Ubuntu kandi buzanye na software ya Ubuntu, itanga Snap na progaramu ya APT isanzwe ishingiye kuri porogaramu, bigatuma ikora byinshi ariko wenda ikagenda gahoro kuruta abayobozi ba pack ya Mint.

Hanyuma, Linux Mint itanga uburyo bworoshye no guhitamo kubakoresha bahitamo kwirinda Snap pack, mugihe Ubuntu's Snap ihuza itanga uburyo bworoshye bwo gukoresha porogaramu zimwe.

VI. Guhitamo no gukoresha Imigaragarire

Mugihe cyo kwihitiramo no gukoresha interineti, Linux Mint na Ubuntu byombi bifite amahitamo atandukanye, ariko Linux Mint iroroshye guhinduka kandi ikoresha inshuti.

Ibiro bya Linux Mint byamamaye cyane, Cinnamon, izwiho kugaragara muburyo bwa Windows-busanzwe, abakoresha benshi basanga byoroshye gukoresha. Harimo uburyo bwihariye bwo kwihitiramo ibintu bivuye mu gasanduku, kwemerera abakoresha guhindura insanganyamatsiko, pome, na desktop neza uhereye kuri sisitemu igenamiterere. Ubu bushobozi butuma Mint ihinduka cyane, itanga abakoresha guhinduka kwose kubintu byose uhereye kuri desktop ukareba kumikorere ya applet kugiti cye. Abakoresha ibicuruzwa barashobora kandi kubona ububiko bwinsanganyamatsiko zatejwe imbere nabaturage hamwe na pome kugirango bahindure byinshi.

Ubuntu kubusanzwe ikoresha ibidukikije bya GNOME, biha agaciro ubworoherane na minimalism. Mugihe GNOME itanga amahitamo make yubatswe muguhitamo kuruta Cinnamon, Kwagura GNOME kwemerera abakoresha kongeramo imikorere nibikorwa byihariye. Ariko, ibi bisaba kwishyiriraho ibikoresho byinyongera nka GNOME Tweaks, ituma ibintu bigora gato kubantu bashya. Kubakiriya bakunda ibidukikije bitandukanye, Ubuntu bushigikira verisiyo zitandukanye, nka Kubuntu (hamwe na KDE) na Lubuntu (hamwe na LXQt).

Mu ncamake, Linux Mint itanga uburambe bwimbitse kandi bwihariye hanze yagasanduku, mugihe Ubuntu yibanda kumurongo woroheje ufite amahitamo make yo guhitamo.

VII. Kuboneka kwa software no guhuza