Ruzivo rweindasitiri

Makomputa emaindasitiri imakombiyuta anoshandiswa mumaindasitiri ekudzora mashandiro, anonyanya kushandiswa mumabasa ekugadzira otomatiki uye mamwe maitiro ekushandisa. Pakusarudza makomputa emaindasitiri, "zvinhu zvitatu" zvekuvimbika, kuchengetedzeka, uye kugadzikana zvinofanirwa kuteverwa kana mashandiro akakwana.

Kune mapoka matatu makuru eCPU architectures emakombiyuta eindasitiri: X86, ARM, uye RISC-V.

Kukosha kweWindows XP Mundima Yemaindasitiri Windows XP sisitimu yekushandisa yakaburitswa neMicrosoft muna 2001. Haiwanzo kuwanikwa muminda yevanhu vega uye yezvemabhizinesi, asi yagara ichishandiswa zvakanyanya mundima yekudzora maindasitiri. Chinyorwa chino chichasuma nekuongorora zvikonzero uye chichakurudzira komputa yemaindasitiri inotsigira sisitimu yeXP kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvekuvimbika uye kugadzikana kwenzvimbo yemaindasitiri.

Regai ndikuudzei zvinhu zvakakosha uye zviratidzo zvakakosha zvekushanda kweCPU (central processing unit). CPU inowanzo sanganisira logic operation unit, control unit, uye storage unit. Mu logic operation and control unit, kune zvimwe zvinhu zvinonzi ma registers, izvo zvinoita basa rekuchengetedza data kwenguva pfupi panguva yeCPU processing data.

Makomputa eindasitiri ane ma network akawanda (multi-network port) zvinoreva rudzi rwakakosha rwekomputa dzeindasitiri dzinoshandiswa mukutonga kweindasitiri uye otomatiki. Ine mabasa uye hunhu hwema network ports akawanda, anogona kuva Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet kana mamwe marudzi e network interface, akadai se serial port, CAN bus, nezvimwewo, anoshandiswa kubatanidza kune network yemunharaunda kana Internet.

Mundima yemazuva ano yeindasitiri, makombiyuta emaindasitiri ane touch screen ari kuva chishandiso chakakosha pakuvandudza mashandiro ebasa uye ruzivo rwevashandisi.

Pfupiso yeruzivo:

Dzidziso iyi yemifananidzo inokupa gwara rakazara rekuisa host yemakomputa emuindasitiri, yakakodzera vashandisi vasina zvekutanga. Kubva pakugadzirira kusvika pakusarudza hardware uye matanho ekugadzira, inotsanangurwa zvakadzama imwe neimwe kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti unotanga zviri nyore. Kusanganisira misimboti yekusarudza hardware yakaita seCPU, motherboard, memory, graphics card, uye matanho ekuunganidza host, kuitira kuti ugone kupedzisa kuisa pasina zvekutanga.

Madziviriro emakomputa epiritsi akasimba anosanganisira IP53, IP54, IP65, IP67, IP68, nezvimwewo. Pakati pawo, IP67 ine dziviriro yepamusoro, uye muviri wayo haupindi guruva, haupindi mvura, uye haudonhe. Guruva rekunze harigone kupinda mumuchina, uye kugona kwemvura kunotsigira muchina kuti unyikwe mumvura kwenguva pfupi pasina kukonzera kukuvara kumuchina.

Makomputa akabatanidzwa mumotokari dziripo iye zvino akaumba hwaro hwetekinoroji yemotokari, zvichivandudza zvikuru mashandiro emotokari, kuchengetedzeka, uye kutaurirana. Masisitimu aya, anozivikanwa semasisitimu akabatanidzwa mumotokari, akagadzirirwa kuita mabasa chaiwo mukati memotokari, kazhinji munguva chaiyo, achivimbisa kuti zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana uye masisitimu ari kutaurirana zviri nyore.

Makomputa emaindasitiri zvishandiso zvine basa guru muhurongwa hwemaindasitiri hwekushandisa otomatiki. Mashandisirwo azvo makuru anosanganisira kudzora otomatiki, kutora nekugadzira data, kutarisa nekutarisira michina, kutaurirana kwenetiweki yemaindasitiri, kudzora maitiro nekutonga, human-machine interface (HMI), kudzora mhando, kudzora kuchengetedzeka, kuchengetedza nekuongorora data, nezvimwewo.

Mumakambani mazhinji ekugadzira, system yekutarisa magetsi inozora chinhu chakakosha, icho chakakosha pamhando yezvigadzirwa uye kuchengetedzeka kwemutsetse wekugadzira. Sisitimu iyi inowedzera kuomarara uye huwandu hwe oxide layer, nokudaro ichivandudza mhando yezvigadzirwa uye goho.