Ka Wehewehe ʻana i ka Nui a me nā Ana o ka Rack 19-'Īniha: ʻO ke Alakaʻi Piha i nā Kūlana PC Server a me Rackmount

ʻO kahi rack 19-'īniha kahi kiʻikuhi i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa i hoʻohana ʻia no ke kau ʻana i nā kikowaena, nā lako pūnaewele, nā mana ʻoihana, a me nā lako audiovisual. I wehewehe mua ʻia e ke kūlana EIA-310, kuhikuhi ka rack i kahi laulā panela mua o 19 ʻīniha (482.6 mm), e ʻae ana i nā lako like ʻole mai nā mea hana like ʻole e kūpono i loko o ka pā like. Ua hoʻolilo kēia kūlike i nā ʻōnaehana rackmount i iwi kuamoʻo o nā kikowaena ʻikepili, nā lumi kelepona, nā studio hoʻolaha, a me nā hale hana automation ʻoihana.

Hoʻokumu ʻia nā ana o ka rack ma ke kumumanaʻo o ka ʻāpana rack (U), kahi e like ai ka 1U me 1.75 ʻīniha (44.45 mm) ke kiʻekiʻe. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā mea hana e like me ke kikowaena 1U, ka waihona mālama 2U, a i ʻole 4U PC ʻoihana i loko o kahi rack hoʻokahi, e hoʻonui ana i ka nui me ka mālama ʻana i kahi nui i wānana ʻia. ʻOi aku ka loli o ka hohonu, mai 600 mm a 1200 mm (24-48 ʻīniha), a koho pinepine ʻia ma muli o nā koi hoʻoluʻu, ka hoʻokele kaula, a me ke ʻano o nā lako hiki ke kau ʻia ma ka rack e hoʻohana ʻia nei.

ʻO nā pono nui o ke ʻano o ka rack 19-'īniha:

• Ka launa pū ʻana ma waena o nā mea kūʻai aku
• Ka hoʻohana pono ʻana i ka wahi ma o ke kau ʻana i luna
• Ka hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia no ka ulu ʻana o nā wahi IT a ʻoihana paha
• Kākoʻo no nā mea pono e like me nā lima hoʻokele uwea, nā ʻāpana hoʻokaʻawale mana a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke kahe ʻana o ke ea.

Ma nā ʻano ʻenehana ʻike hou a me nā ʻoihana, ʻo ka nui a me nā ana o kahi ʻūpā 19-ʻīniha ke kumu no ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi ʻōnaehana hilinaʻi, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia a kūlike me nā kūlana.

ʻO ka rack 19-'īniha ke kumu no nā PC rackmount, nā kikowaena, a me nā lako kelepona no nā kenekulia he nui. Hoʻi kona kumu i AT&T i ka makahiki 1922, i ka wā i hāʻawi ai nā mea hoʻihoʻi kelepona i kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻopaʻa maʻamau e hoʻomaʻalahi i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana. ʻO ka mea i hoʻomaka ma ke ʻano he hopena kelepona ua lilo koke ia i kūlana honua no nā kikowaena ʻikepili, ka automation ʻoihana, a me nā lako audiovisual.

I mea e hōʻoia ai i ka launa pū ʻana no ka wā lōʻihi, ua hoʻolauna ʻia kekahi mau kūlana pae honua:

• EIA-310-D – Ho'ākāka i ka laulā kūhelu o ka rack 19-'īniha, ke anakahi kiʻekiʻe (U) o 1.75 'īniha (44.45 mm) a me ka mamao o nā lua.
• IEC 60297 – He kūlana honua no nā ana o ke kaʻa, nā ʻano lua kau ʻana, a me ka launa pū ʻana ma waena o nā ʻāpana.
• DIN 41494 – He kūlana ʻEulopa i hoʻokumu ʻia ma nā kikoʻī IEC a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā keʻena hoʻomalu ʻoihana.
• CEA-310-E – ka mea pani i nā kulekele EIA, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i nā ana like o ka rack no ka IT a me nā lako uila.

ʻO kahi manaʻo nui ka ʻāpana rack (U), ka mea e hoʻohālikelike ai i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hāmeʻa ma nā ʻāpana he 1.75 ʻīniha. ʻAe kēia i kahi kikowaena rackmount 1U, kahi hāmeʻa mālama 2U, a i ʻole kahi chassis PC ʻoihana 4U e kūpono pono i loko o ka pā like.

Papa ʻike wikiwiki

He mea koʻikoʻi kēia mau kūlana rack no ka hōʻoia ʻana e pili pono ana nā PC rackmount, nā kikowaena, nā kuapo a me nā ʻōnaehana ʻoihana, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia a hilinaʻi hoʻi ma nā ʻoihana like ʻole.

He mea nui ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā ana koʻikoʻi o kahi rack 19-'īniha i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i nā PC rackmount, nā kikowaena, a me nā polokalamu pūnaewele. ʻO nā ana koʻikoʻi ʻekolu he laulā, ke kiʻekiʻe, a me ka hohonu, kēlā me kēia i wehewehe ʻia e nā kūlana ʻoihana, akā me nā ʻano like ʻole no nā noi kikoʻī.

• Ka laulā o ka pā – ʻO ka laulā o ka panela mua maʻamau he 19 ʻīniha (482.6 mm) e like me ka mea i wehewehe ʻia e EIA-310. ʻOi aku ka haiki o nā ala hoʻopaʻa, me kahi mamao kūloko he 17.75-ʻīniha, i mea e kūpono ai nā mea hana me nā lima a i ʻole nā ​​​​bezels. Hoʻohana pū kekahi mau ʻoihana i nā racks 23-ʻīniha, akā ʻo ka nui o ka rack 19-ʻīniha ke koʻikoʻi nei i nā noi IT a me nā noi kaohi ʻoihana.
• Ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pā - i ana ʻia ma nā ʻāpana rack (U), kahi e like ai ʻo 1U me 1.75 ʻīniha (44.45 mm). Ua hoʻolālā ʻia nā lako e like me nā kikowaena rackmount 1U, nā pūʻulu mālama 2U, a me nā PC ʻoihana 4U no kēia ana. ʻO nā nui chassis maʻamau he 42U a i ʻole 48U, me ka mana kū pololei ma luna o 6 kapuaʻi.
• Ka hohonu o ka pā – ʻAʻole like me ka laulā a me ke kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole i hoʻonohonoho piha ʻia ka hohonu. ʻO nā pae maʻamau he 600 mm (24″), 800 mm (31.5″), 1000 mm (39.4″), a me 1200 mm (47.2″). Hoʻopilikia ke koho hohonu i ka hoʻokele kaula, ke kahe ʻana o ka ea, a me ka launa pū ʻana me nā kikowaena nui.

ʻIkepili o nā ana o ka rack

Ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me kēia mau ana rack, hōʻoia nā hui i ka interoperability, ka hoʻohana pono ʻana i ka wahi, a me nā ʻōnaehana scalable no nā hoʻolaha PC rackmount IT a me nā ʻoihana.

Loaʻa ka ʻūpā 19-'īniha i kekahi mau ʻano a me nā hoʻonohonoho ʻana, kēlā me kēia no nā PC rackmount kikoʻī, nā kikowaena, nā kelepona a me nā noi ʻoihana. ʻO ke koho ʻana i ke ʻano kūpono e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka hoʻohana pono ʻana i ka wahi, ke kahe ʻana o ka ea a me ke kākoʻo lako.

• Nā ʻūpā ʻelua pou (relay) – lahilahi, māmā, a pinepine i kau ʻia ma ka papahele, kūpono kēia mau mea no nā kuapo pūnaewele, nā panela patch, a me nā lako rackmount māmā. Loaʻa pinepine ʻia i loko o nā cabinets kelepona kahi i kaupalena ʻia ai ka hohonu a me ke kaumaha.
• Nā ʻūpā pou ʻehā hāʻawi i nā ala hoʻopaʻa mua a me hope, e hāʻawi ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale kaumaha maikaʻi no nā kikowaena, nā ʻōnaehana UPS, a me nā PC ʻoihana kaumaha. Hiki iā lākou ke wehe ʻia no ke komo ʻana a pani ʻia paha no ka palekana a me ka kaohi ʻana i ke kahe ʻana o ka ea.
• Nā pā hale (nā keʻena) – Hoʻopuni piha ʻia me nā puka laka, nā panela ʻaoʻao, a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻokele uwea. Kaulana i nā kikowaena ʻikepili a me nā lumi automation ʻoihana kahi e koʻikoʻi ai ka pale ʻana i ka lepo, ka hoʻokele hoʻoluʻu, a me ka palekana.
• Nā ʻūpā i kau ʻia ma ka paia – nā pā liʻiliʻi no nā keʻena lālā, nā hoʻonohonoho AV, a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​hale hana ʻoihana liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka maʻamau, loaʻa iā lākou ka mana mai 6U a 18U.
• Nā ʻūpā kūikawā – Hoʻokomo pū ʻia nā ʻūpā kani ʻole no nā wahi keʻena, nā ʻūpā seismic e kūlike me Telcordia GR-63-CORE, a me nā hihia lele ATA kelepona no nā lako hoʻolaha a me nā hanana ola.

ʻIkepili o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka rack

Ma ke koho ʻana i ka hoʻonohonoho rack kūpono, hiki i nā hui ke hoʻokau i kahi kaulike ma waena o ka nui, ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana, ka hoʻokele kaula a me ka palekana e hana i nā ʻōnaehana rackmount kūpono a hilinaʻi hoʻi.

ʻO kahi ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o kekahi ʻōnaehana rack 19-'īniha kona mau ala hoʻopaʻa a me nā lako, e wehewehe ana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o nā PC rackmount, nā kikowaena, a me nā polokalamu pūnaewele me ka palekana a me ka maikaʻi. ʻOiai ʻo ka nui a me nā ana o ka rack e hana i ke kiʻikuhi, ʻo ia nā ala, nā ʻano lua, a me nā mea paʻa e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka paʻa lōʻihi, ke komo maʻalahi, a me ka kūlike me nā polokalamu like ʻole.

Nā ʻano o nā lua kau

Ua wehewehe nā kūlana ʻoihana i ʻekolu ʻano lua maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia i nā alahao rack:

• Nā lua wili - Nā lua wili i wili mua ʻia (ʻo ka maʻamau he 10-32, 12-24, a i ʻole M6) e ʻae pololei i nā wili. Hilinaʻi, akā ʻaʻole palupalu, no ka mea, ʻo ka hoʻopaʻa nui ʻana hiki ke hōʻino i nā kaula.
• Ma o nā lua (poe) - nā lua me nā kaula ʻole e pono ai nā wili a me nā nati. ʻAʻole i maʻamau i nā ʻūpā IT hou, akā loaʻa mau i nā pā ʻoihana.
• Nā lua huinaha - ka hoʻolālā maʻamau i kēia lā. ʻAe kēia i nā nati paʻa, e ʻae ana i nā ʻano wili like ʻole a me ka hoʻololi wikiwiki. Maʻamau i ka hapa nui o nā waihona kikowaena, nā kikowaena ʻikepili, a me nā keʻena ʻoihana.

Nā alahao kau a me nā ʻōnaehana paheʻe

ʻO nā alahao he mau pou kū pololei i loko o ka ʻūpā e paʻa ai nā lako. Hoʻohana nā mea hana he nui, ʻoiai nā kikowaena rackmount a me nā PC ʻoihana, i nā pahu alahao paheʻe e hoʻopili ana i nā alahao mua a me hope. ʻAe kēia mau ʻōnaehana:

• Loaʻa maʻalahi no ka mālama ʻana a i ʻole ke pani ʻana
• Kākoʻo hoʻololi wela no nā kikowaena ʻoihana
• Nā lima hoʻokele uwea (CMA) no ke kaula maʻemaʻe ma hope o ke kikowaena

Hana ʻia nā alahao kiʻekiʻe i ke kila 2 mm a i ʻole ka mānoanoa, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka hiki ke lawe i ka ukana no nā PC rackmount 2U a i ʻole 4U kaumaha.

Kākoʻo kūkulu a me nā noʻonoʻo seismic

No ke kūpaʻa, hoʻolaha like nā ʻūpā ʻehā pou i ke kaumaha o nā lako, no laila e hōʻemi ana i ke kaumaha ma nā ʻāpana kau. Ma nā wahi i pilikia i ka haʻalulu a i ʻole ka hana seismic, pono nā ʻūpā e hoʻokō i nā kūlana hoʻokō Telcordia GR-63-CORE a me GR-3108-CORE. Pono kēia i nā alahao i hoʻoikaika ʻia, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, a me nā lako paʻa e hiki ke kū i nā ukana kiʻekiʻe.

Nā mea komo a me nā hoʻonui lako

Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia kahi ʻōnaehana lako rackmount piha:

• Nā nati paʻa a me nā nati ʻokiʻoki - no ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā nui wili like ʻole
• Mea hoʻololi alahao - no ke kau ʻana i nā mea hana maʻamau ʻole
• Nā pā uwea a me nā ducts - no ka hoʻokele uwea i hoʻonohonoho ʻia
• Nā ʻāpana hoʻokaʻawale mana (PDU) - i kau ʻia ma ke ʻano kū pololei a i ʻole ma kahi U ʻole no ka lako mana kūpono
• Nā ʻāpana peʻahi a me nā mea pale ea - mālama i ka hoʻoluʻolu maikaʻi i nā kikowaena i hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia

Papa kuhikuhi no nā ʻāpana hui

Ma ke koho ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana alahao kau kūpono a me nā mea pono lako, hōʻoia nā hui ʻaʻole palekana wale kā lākou ʻōnaehana rackmount akā ua hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia no ka maʻalahi o ka mālama ʻana, ke kahe ʻana o ka ea, a me ka hilinaʻi lōʻihi.

ʻAʻole wale kahi ʻūpā he 19-'īniha; ʻo ia ke kumu no ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano PC ʻūpā like ʻole i hoʻohana ʻia i nā kikowaena ʻikepili, nā kelepona, ka hoʻolaha ʻana, a me ka automation ʻoihana. ʻO kona nui a me nā ana o ka ʻūpā maʻamau e ʻae i nā polokalamu like ʻole mai nā mea kūʻai aku he nui e noho pū i loko o ka pā hoʻokahi, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka interoperability a me ka scalability.

Nā mea hana rackmount maʻamau

• Nā PC Rackmount a me nā PC ʻoihana - pinepine 1U a 4U ke kiʻekiʻe, i hoʻolālā ʻia no ka mana ʻoihana, ka automation hale hana a me ka helu ʻana ma ka lihi.
• Nā kikowaena – ʻO nā kikowaena Blade, nā kikowaena noi 1U a me nā kikowaena mālama 2U–4U e noho aliʻi ana ma luna o nā ʻūpā kikowaena ʻikepili.
• Nā polokalamu pūnaewele – nā mea hoʻopili uila, nā kuapo, nā pā ahi a me nā panela patch e hana ana i ke kuamoʻo o ka ʻenehana ʻikepili ʻoihana a me nā pūnaewele kelepona.
• Nā ʻāpana hoʻolako mana a me nā ʻāpana hoʻoluʻu - nā ʻōnaehana UPS rackmount, PDUs (Power Distribution Units) a me nā pā peʻahi no ka kaohi ʻana i ke kahe ʻana o ka ea.
• Nā lako hana leo - ke kāwili ʻana i nā consoles, amplifiers a me nā encoders hoʻolaha, i hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā ʻūpā hana AV a me nā media.

E hoʻohana ma nā ʻano wahi like ʻole

• Nā kikowaena ʻikepili –Hiki i nā Racks ke hoʻolaha i nā kikowaena kiʻekiʻe, ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana o ke kahe ʻana o ka ea (mai mua a i hope) a me ka hoʻokele uwea i hoʻonohonoho ʻia.
• Nā lako kelepona – ʻO nā ʻūpā relay ʻelua pou e paʻa ai nā kuapo kelepona māmā a me nā mea hoʻopili.
• Nā wahi ʻoihana – Mālama nā ʻūpā i hoʻopuni ʻia i nā PC rackmount ʻoihana mai ka lepo, nā haʻalulu a me nā loli o ka mahana.
• Hoʻolaha a me AV - hāʻawi nā ʻūpā kūikawā i kahi no ka pale ʻana i ke kani, ka neʻe ʻana (nā hihia lele) a me ka palekana mai ka ōlaʻi.

Papa Hoʻolaha Lako Hana Rack

Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano rack 19-'īniha, hoʻokō nā hui i ka pono o ka wahi, ka ulu ʻana i hoʻonohonoho ʻia, a me ka mālama ʻana i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia, e lilo ia i koho ākea no nā ʻoihana rackmount hou. (E aʻo hou e pili ana i nā PC rackmount 1U, nā PC rackmount 2U, a pēlā aku.)

ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻūpā 19-'īniha ke kūlana honua no ke kau ʻana i nā kikowaena, nā kamepiula rackmount ʻoihana , a me nā lako pūnaewele, aia nā kūlana rack ʻē aʻe e hoʻomau nei i ka hoʻohana ʻia ma kekahi mau ʻoihana. He mea nui ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau ʻokoʻa i ka wā e hoʻolālā ai a hoʻonui i nā ʻoihana.

Nā kūlana hoʻopaʻa ʻē aʻe

• Nā ʻūpā 10-'īniha - Nā ʻūpā liʻiliʻi, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no nā polokalamu pūnaewele liʻiliʻi, nā lako AV a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​keʻena hoʻokolohua home. Mālama lākou i kahi, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻoihana a i ʻole ka ʻoihana.
• Nā ʻūpā 23-'īniha - He kūlana kelepona hoʻoilina, maʻamau i nā kikowaena hoʻololi kahiko. Hāʻawi kēia mau ʻūpā i ka laulā panela hou aʻe (584 mm) akā ua pani nui ʻia e nā ʻūpā 19-'īniha i nā kikowaena ʻikepili hou.
• ʻO Open Rack Standard (OCP) - Hoʻomohala ʻia e ka Open Compute Project, mālama kēia mau racks i ka laulā chassis 600 mm like akā kākoʻo i nā modula lako IT ākea (21 ʻīniha / 533 mm). Makemake ʻia i nā kikowaena ʻikepili hyperscale no ka nui o ka mānoanoa a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kahe ʻana o ka ea.
• ʻO Eurocard / DIN 41494 - Hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā ʻōnaehana kaohi ʻoihana a me nā ʻōnaehana i hoʻokomo ʻia, i kūlike me nā kikoʻī IEC 60297. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no nā mea hana PCB i nā ʻōnaehana automation a me nā hoʻāʻo.

Papa hoʻohālikelike

ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka ʻūpā 19-'īniha me kēia mau koho ʻē aʻe e hōʻike ana i ke kumu e noho mau ai ʻo ia ke koho nui: ka launa pū ʻana, ka mālama ʻana i nā kūlana ʻoihana, a me ka scalability. ʻO nā wahi kūikawā—e like me ke kelepona ʻana a i ʻole ka helu hyperscale—e makemake paha i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe no nā koi hana kikoʻī.

ʻO ka rack 19-'īniha ke ʻano hana honua no nā PC rackmount noho, nā kikowaena, nā polokalamu pūnaewele, a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻomalu ʻoihana. ʻO kona nui a me nā ana o ka rack maʻamau - 19 ʻīniha ka laulā, 1.75-'īniha ka ʻāpana rack (U) kiʻekiʻe, a me 600-1200 mm ka hohonu - hāʻawi i ka interoperability e pono ai no ka IT hou, nā kelepona, a me nā noi ʻoihana. Ma ka pili ʻana i nā kūlana EIA-310 a me IEC 60297 i hoʻokumu ʻia, hōʻoia nā ʻoihana e kūpono nā polokalamu mai nā mea kūʻai aku like ʻole i loko o ka pā like.

Nā ʻike koʻikoʻi

• Ka laulā: Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma 19 ʻīniha (482.6 mm), e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka launa pū ʻana ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.
• Kiʻekiʻe: Ua ana ʻia ma nā anakahi rack (U), me nā racks 42U a me 48U nā mea maʻamau i nā kikowaena ʻikepili.
• Ka hohonu: Hiki ke loli ma waena o 600 mm a me 1200 mm, i koho ʻia ma muli o ka lōʻihi o ke kikowaena, ka mamao o ke kaula a me ke kahe ʻana o ke ea.
• Nā ʻano pā hale: Nā ʻūpā hoʻoili 2-pou no nā lako kelepona māmā, nā mōlina hāmama 4-pou no nā kikowaena kaumaha, a me nā pā no nā wahi palekana a kaohi ʻia e ka lepo.
• Nā mea hoʻohui kau: ʻO nā lua huinaha me nā nati paʻa ke kūlana maʻamau o ka ʻoihana i kēia manawa, i hui pū ʻia me nā ala paheʻe, CMA (nā lima hoʻokele kaula) a me PDU no ka hana pono.

Nā hana maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻolaha ʻana o rackmount

• Hoʻolālā no ka ulu ʻana – E koho i kahi ʻūpā me nā ʻāpana ʻūpā hou aʻe e hoʻokipa i nā kikowaena e hiki mai ana, nā ʻōnaehana UPS, a i ʻole nā ​​​​PC ʻoihana.
• E hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻomaʻalili ʻana – E hōʻoia i ke kahe ʻana o ke ea mai mua a i hope, e waiho i kahi no nā ʻauwai peʻahi, a e noʻonoʻo i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā papa e pale aku ai i nā wahi wela.
• E hoʻonohonoho i nā kaula - E hoʻohana i nā luna hoʻokele kaula kū pololei, nā zero-U PDU, a me nā CMA e mālama i ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā kaula a me ka hana pono.
• E hōʻoia i ke kūpaʻa – Ma nā wahi seismic a ʻoihana paha, e hoʻohana i nā ʻūpā i hōʻoia ʻia e nā kūlana Telcordia GR-63-CORE.
• E ana ʻelua, e hoʻokomo i hoʻokahi manawa – E hōʻoia mau i ka hohonu o ka haka, ke ʻano o ka lua kau ʻana a me ka hiki ke kaumaha ma mua o ka hoʻolaha ʻana.

Ma ka hoʻopili ʻana i kēia mau hana maikaʻi loa no ke kau ʻana i nā rack, hiki i nā luna IT a me nā ʻenekinia ke kūkulu i nā ʻōnaehana rack scalable, palekana, a hilinaʻi hoʻi e hoʻonui i ka manawa hana, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono o ke kahe ʻana o ka ea, a hoʻomaʻalahi i ka mālama lōʻihi.