Te Whakamārama mō te Rahi me ngā Ahu o te Whata 19-Inihi: Te Aratohu Katoa ki ngā Paerewa Rorohiko Tūmau me te Whatanga Rackmount

Ko te whatanga 19-inihi he anga paerewa ā-ao e whakamahia ana mō te whakairi tūmau, taputapu whatunga, mana whakahaere ahumahi, me ngā taputapu ororongo. I tautuhia tuatahitia e te paerewa EIA-310, ka tohua e te whatanga he whānui o te papa o mua o te 19 inihi (482.6 mm), e āhei ai ngā taputapu rerekē mai i ngā kaihanga rerekē ki te uru ki roto i te pouaka kotahi. Nā tēnei hototahi kua waiho ngā pūnaha whakairi whatanga hei poutokomanawa mō ngā pokapū raraunga, ngā rūma whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, ngā whare whakaata, me ngā whakaurunga aunoatanga ahumahi.

Ko ngā ine o te whatanga e ahu mai ana i te ariā o te wae whatanga (U), ko te 1U he rite ki te 1.75 inihi (44.45 mm) te teitei. Ka taea te whakarārangi poutū i ngā taputapu pēnei i te tūmau 1U, te huinga rokiroki 2U, te PC ahumahi 4U rānei ki roto i te whatanga kotahi, kia nui ake ai te mātotoru me te pupuri tonu i te rahi e taea te matapae. He rerekē ake te hohonu, mai i te 600 mm ki te 1200 mm (24–48 inihi), ā, he maha ngā wā ka tīpakohia i runga i ngā whakaritenga whakamatao, te whakahaere taura, me te momo taputapu whakairi whatanga e whakamahia ana.

Ko ngā painga matua o te whakatakotoranga whatanga 19-inihi ko:

• Te Mahi Ngātahi puta noa i ngā kaihoko
• Te whakamahinga whai hua o te wāhi mā te whakarārangi poutū
• Te Whakawhanuitanga mō te whakatipu i ngā taiao hangarau mōhiohio, ahumahi rānei
• Tautoko mō ngā taputapu pērā i ngā ringaringa whakahaere taura, ngā waeine tohatoha hiko me te pupuri i te rere o te hau.

I ngā taiao hangarau mōhiohio me ngā taiao ahumahi o ēnei rā, ko te rahi me ngā āhuatanga o tētahi whata 19-inihi te pūtake mō te hanga i tētahi hanganga pono, ka taea te whakawhānui, ā, e tutuki ana i ngā paerewa.

Ko te whatanga 19-inihi te turanga mō ngā PC, ngā tūmau, me ngā taputapu whakawhitiwhiti kōrero e mau ana i ngā whatanga mō ngā tau neke atu i te rautau. I ahu mai tōna pūtake i AT&T i te tau 1922, i te wā i whakaratohia ai e ngā kaiwhakahoki waea he pūnaha whakairinga paerewa hei whakahaere i te tāutanga me te tiaki. Ko te mea i tīmata hei otinga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, i tere tonu te noho hei paerewa ā-ao mō ngā pokapū raraunga, te aunoatanga ahumahi, me ngā taputapu ororongo.

Hei whakarite i te hototahitanga mō te wā roa, kua whakaurua mai ētahi paerewa whatanga o te ao:

• EIA-310-D – E tautuhi ana i te whānui o te whatanga 19-inihi, te teitei (U) o te 1.75 inihi (44.45 mm) me te mokowā o ngā kōhao.
• IEC 60297 – He paerewa ā-ao mō ngā rahi o te whatanga, ngā tauira kōhao whakairi me te hototahitanga ā-rohe.
• DIN 41494 – He paerewa Pākehā e hangai ana ki ngā whakaritenga IEC, ā, e whakamahia pinepinetia ana i roto i ngā kāpata whakahaere ahumahi.
• CEA-310-E – te uri o ngā aratohu EIA, e whakarite ana kia ōrite te rahi o ngā whatanga mō ngā taputapu hangarau mōhiohio me ngā taputapu hiko.

Ko tētahi ariā matua ko te waeine whatanga (U), e whakataurite ana i te teitei o te taputapu ki ngā tauwehenga o te 1.75 inihi. Mā tēnei ka taea e te tūmau whatanga 1U, he taputapu rokiroki 2U, he anga rorohiko ahumahi 4U rānei te uru pai ki roto i te pouaka kotahi.

Ripanga tirohanga whānui tere

He mea nui tonu ēnei paerewa whatanga kia noho tahi ai ngā PC, ngā tūmau, ngā pana me ngā pūnaha ahumahi e mau ana i ngā whatanga, kia taea ai te whakawhanui, kia pono hoki puta noa i ngā ahumahi.

He mea nui te mārama ki ngā ine matua o tētahi whatanga 19-inihi ina whakamahia ana ngā PC, ngā tūmau, me ngā taputapu whatunga e mau ana i ngā whatanga. Ko ngā ine matua e toru ko te whānui, te teitei, me te hohonu, ia ine e tautuhia ana e ngā paerewa ahumahi, engari he rerekētanga mō ngā tono motuhake.

• Whānui o te whatanga – Ko te whānui paerewa o te papa o mua he 19 inihi (482.6 mm) e ai ki te EIA-310. He paku whaiti ake ngā reera whakairi, me te mokowā ā-roto he 17.75-inihi, kia mau tonu ai te uru o ngā taputapu me ngā kakau, ngā bezel rānei. Ka whakamahia hoki e ētahi ahumahi ngā whatanga 23-inihi, engari ko te rahi o te whatanga 19-inihi kei te nuinga tonu i roto i ngā tono whakahaere hangarau mōhiohio me te ahumahi.
• Teitei o te whata – i inehia ki ngā waeine whatanga (U), ko te 1U he rite ki te 1.75 inihi (44.45 mm). Ko ngā taputapu pēnei i ngā tūmau whatanga 1U, ngā huinga rokiroki 2U, me ngā PC ahumahi 4U kua hangaia mō tēnei ine. Ko ngā rahi chassis noa ko te 42U, 48U rānei, me te kaha poutū neke atu i te 6 putu.
• Te hohonu o te whatanga – Kāore i rite ki te whānui me te teitei, kāore te hohonu i te tino paerewa. Ko ngā whānuitanga noa ko te 600 mm (24″), 800 mm (31.5″), 1000 mm (39.4″), me te 1200 mm (47.2″). Ka pā te kōwhiringa hohonu ki te whakahaere taura, te rere o te hau, me te hototahi ki ngā tūmau nui ake.

He tirohanga whānui mō ngā rahi o te whatanga

Mā te whakataurite ki ēnei rahi whatanga, ka whakarite ngā whakahaere i te mahi tahi, te whakamahinga whai hua o te wāhi, me te hanganga tauine mō ngā whakatinanatanga PC whatanga hangarau me ngā whakatinanatanga ahumahi.

Kei te wātea te whata 19-inihi i roto i ngā momo me ngā whirihoranga maha, ia momo mō ngā PC whata motuhake, ngā tūmau, ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero me ngā tono ahumahi. Mā te whiriwhiri i te momo tika ka whakarite kia pai te whakamahinga o te wāhi, te rere o te hau me te tautoko taputapu.

• Ngā whata pou-rua (whakawhiti) – he angiangi, he māmā, ā, he maha ngā wā ka mau ki te papa, he mea tino pai ēnei mō ngā pana whatunga, ngā papa tāpiri, me ngā taputapu whakamau whatanga māmā. He mea kitea noa i roto i ngā kāpata whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ina he iti te hohonu me te taumaha.
• Ngā whata pou-whā e tuku ana i ngā reera whakairi o mua me muri, e whakarato ana i te tohatoha taumaha pai ake mō ngā tūmau, ngā pūnaha UPS, me ngā PC ahumahi taumaha. Ka taea te whakatuwhera hei urunga atu, te kati rānei hei haumarutanga me te whakahaere hau.
• Ngā whatanga (ngā kāpata) – Kua kati katoatia me ngā tatau raka, ngā panera taha, me ngā pūnaha whakahaere taura. He rongonui i roto i ngā pokapū raraunga me ngā rūma aunoa ahumahi ina he mea nui te tiaki puehu, te whakahaere whakamatao, me te haumarutanga.
• Ngā whata e mau ana ki te pakitara – he āputa kiato mō ngā tari peka, ngā whakaurunga AV, ngā whare ahumahi iti rānei. Ko te kaha o ēnei āputa mai i te 6U ki te 18U.
• Ngā whata motuhake – Kei roto ko ngā whata ātete oro mō ngā taiao tari, ngā whata rū whenua e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga a Telcordia GR-63-CORE, me ngā pouaka rere pūkoro ATA mō ngā taputapu pāho me ngā huihuinga ora.

He tirohanga whānui mō te whirihoranga whatanga

Mā te whiriwhiri i te whirihoranga whatanga e tika ana, ka taea e ngā whakahaere te whakataurite i waenga i te mātotoru, te whakamatao, te whakahaere taura me te haumarutanga hei waihanga i ngā hanganga whakairinga whatanga whai hua, pono hoki.

Ko tētahi wāhanga nui o tētahi pūnaha whatanga 19-inihi ko ōna reera whakairi me ngā taputapu, e whakatau ana i te haumaru me te whai hua o te tāutanga o ngā PC, ngā tūmau, me ngā taputapu whatunga whakairi. Ahakoa ko te rahi me ngā ine o te whatanga te anga e hanga ana, ko ngā reera, ngā tauira kōhao, me ngā whakapiri e whakarite ana i te pumau mō te wā roa, te ngāwari o te uru atu, me te hototahi ki ngā momo taputapu.

Ngā momo kōhao whakapiri

E tautuhia ana e ngā paerewa ahumahi e toru ngā momo kōhao e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā reera whatanga:

• Ngā kōhao miro – Ngā kōhao miro kua keria i mua (ko te tikanga he 10-32, 12-24, M6 rānei) e whakaaetia tika ana ngā tīwiri. He pono, engari he iti ake te ngāwari, nā te mea ka kino pea ngā miro ki te whakakī rawa.
• Ngā kōhao mā roto (porowhita) – he kōhao kāore he miro e hiahiatia ana he tīwiri me he nati. Kāore i te tino kitea i roto i ngā whata hangarau mōhiohio hou, engari kei te kitea tonu i roto i ngā whare ahumahi.
• Ngā kōhao tapawhā – te hoahoa tino noa i ēnei rā. Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā nati whare herehere ki ēnei, ā, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā momo tīwiri me te whakakapinga tere. He mea noa i roto i te nuinga o ngā whata tūmau, ngā pokapū raraunga, me ngā kāpata umanga.

Ngā reri whakairi me ngā pūnaha reti

He pou poutū ngā rēra i roto i te whatanga hei pupuri i ngā taputapu. He maha ngā taputapu, inā koa ko ngā tūmau whakairinga whatanga me ngā rorohiko ahumahi, e whakamahi ana i ngā kete rēra reti e piri ana ki ngā rēra o mua me muri. Mā ēnei pūnaha ka taea:

• He ngāwari te uru atu mō te tiaki, te whakakapi rānei
• Tautoko whakawhiti-wera mō ngā tūmau hinonga
• Ngā ringaringa whakahaere taura (CMA) mō te whakarite taura kia pai i muri i te tūmau

Ko ngā reri kounga teitei he mea hanga ki te maitai 2 mm te matotoru, e whakanui ana i te kaha kawenga mō ngā PC whakairinga whatanga taumaha 2U, 4U rānei.

Ngā whakaaro mō te tautoko hanganga me te rū whenua

Mō te pumau, ka tohatoha ōritetia te taumaha o ngā taputapu e ngā whata pou-whā, ā, ka whakaitihia te ahotea ki ngā wāhanga whakairinga. I roto i ngā taiao e pāngia ana e te wiri, e te ru whenua rānei, me tutuki i ngā whata ngā paerewa ture a Telcordia GR-63-CORE me GR-3108-CORE. Me whai reera whakapakari, tautoko, me ngā taputapu e kaha ana ki te tu atu i ngā kawenga teitei.

Ngā taputapu me ngā whakawhānui taputapu

Kei roto i tētahi pūnaha taputapu rackmount katoa:

• Ngā nati whare herehere me ngā nati topenga – hei whakarerekē i ngā rahi rerekē o ngā tīwiri
• Pūurutau rēri – mō te whakairi i ngā taputapu kore-paerewa
• Ngā paepae taura me ngā paipa – mō te whakahaere taura hanganga
• Ngā waeine tohatoha hiko (PDU) – kua whakairihia poutū, kua whakanohoia rānei ki te wāhi kore-U mō te tuku hiko whai hua
• Ngā mokowā pā me ngā ārai hau – te pupuri i te whakamatao whai hua i roto i ngā tūmau kī tonu

Ripanga tohutoro mō ngā wāhanga huihuinga

Mā te whiriwhiri i te pūnaha reriwe whakairi tika me ngā taputapu taputapu, ka whakarite ngā whakahaere kei te haumaru tonu ā rātou hanganga whakairi whatanga, ā, kei te arotauhia hoki mō te ngāwari o te tiaki, te rere o te hau, me te pono mō te wā roa.

Ehara i te mea he anga noa te whatanga 19-inihi; koinei te turanga mō te pupuri i te whānuitanga o ngā PC whatanga e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā pokapū raraunga, ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, ngā pāpāho, me te aunoatanga ahumahi. Mā tōna rahi whatanga paerewa me ōna inenga ka taea e ngā taputapu rerekē mai i ngā kaihoko maha te noho tahi i roto i te pouaka kotahi, kia taea ai te mahi tahi me te tauine.

Ngā taputapu whakairi whatanga noa

• Ngā Rorohiko Whakamau Rack me ngā Rorohiko Ahumahi – he maha ngā wā 1U ki te 4U te teitei, i hangaia mō te whakahaere ahumahi, te aunoatanga wheketere me te rorohiko taha.
• Ngā Tūmau – Ko ngā tūmau Blade, ngā tūmau tono 1U me ngā tūmau rokiroki 2U–4U ngā mea e tino whakamahia ana i ngā whata pokapū raraunga.
• Ngā taputapu whatunga – ngā pouara, ngā pana, ngā pareārai ahi me ngā papaki e hanga ana i te tuara o ngā whatunga hangarau mōhiohio me ngā whatunga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero a te umanga.
• Ngā waeine hiko me te whakamatao – ngā pūnaha UPS e mau ana i te whatanga, ngā PDU (Ngā Wāhanga Tohatoha Mana) me ngā paepae pā hei whakahaere i te rere o te hau.
• Ngā taputapu ororongo ā-kanohi – ​​hei whakaranu i ngā papatohu, ngā whakakaha me ngā kaiwhakakōwaehere pāho, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā whata whakaputa AV me ngā pāpāho.

Whakamahia i roto i ngā taiao rerekē

• Ngā pokapū raraunga –Mā ngā whatanga ka taea te whakatinana i ngā tūmau kiato-rahi, te whakamatao pai o te rere o te hau (mai i mua ki muri) me te whakahaere taura hanganga.
• Ngā taputapu whakawhitiwhiti kōrero – E rua ngā pou whakawhiti hei pupuri i ngā pana whakawhitiwhiti kōrero māmā me ngā taputapu papaki.
• Ngā taiao ahumahi – Ka tiakina e ngā whata kua kati ngā PC whakairi whata ahumahi mai i te puehu, ngā wiri me ngā piki me ngā heke o te pāmahana.
• Pāhoho me te AV – ka whakaratohia e ngā whata motuhake he wāhi mō te ārai haruru, te nekenekehanga (ngā take rere) me te haumaru i te rū whenua.

Ripanga Whakatakotoranga Taputapu Whatanga

Mā te whakamahi i te whakatakotoranga whatanga 19-inihi, ka tutuki i ngā whakahaere te whai huatanga o te wāhi, te tipu hanganga, me te whakapai ake i te tiaki, ka waiho hei whiringa whānui mō ngā hanganga whatanga hou. (Ako atu mō ngā PC whatanga 1U, ngā PC whatanga 2U, me ētahi atu)

Ahakoa ko te whatanga 19-inihi te paerewa ā-ao mō te whakairi tūmau, ngā rorohiko whakairinga whatanga ahumahi , me ngā taputapu whatunga, kei reira ētahi atu paerewa whatanga e whakamahia tonutia ana i roto i ētahi ahumahi. He mea nui te mārama ki ēnei rerekētanga i te wā e whakamahere ana, e whakawhānui ana hoki i ngā hanganga.

Ngā paerewa whatanga rerekē

• Ngā whata 10-inihi – He whata kiato, e whakamahia ana mō ngā taputapu whatunga iti, ngā taputapu AV, ngā taiwhanga kāinga rānei. Ka penapena wāhi, engari kāore e taea te whakawhanui mō te whakamahi i roto i ngā pakihi, i ngā ahumahi rānei.
• Ngā whata 23-inihi – He paerewa whakawhitiwhiti kōrero tawhito, he mea noa i ngā pokapū whakawhiti tawhito. He whānui ake te whānui o ēnei whata (584 mm) engari kei te whakakapia te nuinga e ngā whata 19-inihi i ngā pokapū raraunga hou.
• Paerewa Whatanga Tuwhera (OCP) – I whakawhanakehia e te Kaupapa Whakamātautau Tuwhera, ko te whānui o te anga o ēnei whatanga he 600 mm te roa, engari he whānui ake ngā waeine taputapu IT (21 inihi / 533 mm). He pai ki ngā pokapū raraunga tauine nui mō te kiato teitei ake me te pai ake o te rere o te hau.
• Eurocard / DIN 41494 – E whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha whakahaere ahumahi me ngā pūnaha tāmau, e hangai ana ki ngā whakaritenga IEC 60297. He maha ngā wā e whakamahia ana mō ngā taputapu PCB i roto i ngā pūnaha aunoa me te whakamātautau.

Ripanga whakatairite

Mā te whakataurite i te whata 19-inihi ki ēnei momo kē atu ka mārama he aha i noho tonu ai hei whiringa matua: te hototahi whānui, te piri ki ngā paerewa ahumahi, me te kaha ki te tauine. Ko ngā taiao motuhake—pērā i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, i te rorohiko tauine nui rānei—tērā pea ka pai ake ki ngā whakatakotoranga kē atu mō ngā whakaritenga whakahaere motuhake.

Ko te whatanga 19-inihi tonu te anga whānui mō ngā PC whakairi whatanga noho, ngā tūmau, ngā taputapu whatunga, me ngā pūnaha whakahaere ahumahi. Ko tōna rahi me ngā inenga whatanga paerewa — 19 inihi te whānui, 1.75-inihi te teitei o te wae whatanga (U), me te 600–1200 mm te hohonu — e whakarato ana i te mahi tahi e hiahiatia ana mō ngā tono hangarau mōhiohio hou, ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, me ngā tono ahumahi. Mā te piri ki ngā paerewa EIA-310 me IEC 60297 kua whakatūria, ka whakarite ngā kamupene kia uru pai ngā taputapu mai i ngā kaihoko rerekē ki roto i te pouaka kotahi.

Ngā kitenga matua

• Whānui: Kua whakapūmautia ki te 19 inihi (482.6 mm), kia hototahi ai ki te ao whānui.
• Teitei: I inehia ki ngā waeine whatanga (U), ko ngā whatanga 42U me 48U ngā mea e tino kitea ana i ngā pokapū raraunga.
• Hōhonutanga: He ngāwari i waenga i te 600 mm me te 1200 mm, i tīpakohia i runga i te roa o te tūmau, te mokowā taura me te rere o te hau.
• Ngā momo whatanga: Ngā whata whakawhiti pou-rua mō ngā taputapu whakawhitiwhiti kōrero mama, ngā anga pou-whā tuwhera mō ngā tūmau taumaha, me ngā ārai mō ngā taiao haumaru, e whakahaeretia ana te puehu.
• Ngā taputapu whakairi: Ko ngā kōhao tapawhā me ngā nati kurupae te paerewa o te ahumahi ināianei, e honoa ana ki ngā reera reti, ngā CMA (ngā ringa whakahaere taura) me ngā PDU mō te mahi whai hua.

Ngā tikanga pai mō ngā whakatinanatanga rackmount

• Mahere mō te tipu – Kōwhiria he whatanga me ngā waeine whatanga tāpiri hei whakauru i ngā tūmau a meake nei, ngā pūnaha UPS, ngā rorohiko ahumahi rānei.
• Whakatairangahia te whakamatao – Kia tika te rere o te hau mai i mua ki muri, waiho he wāhi mō ngā paipa hau, ā, whakaarohia te whakatakoto i ngā pereti kia kore ai e wera.
• Whakaritea te taura - Whakamahia ngā kaiwhakahaere taura poutū, ngā PDU kore-U, me ngā CMA hei pupuri i te hanganga me te mahi o ngā taura.
• Kia mau te pumau – I roto i ngā taiao rū whenua, i ngā taiao ahumahi rānei, whakamahia ngā whata kua whakamanahia ki ngā paerewa Telcordia GR-63-CORE.
• Inehia kia rua, tāutahia kia kotahi – Me whakaū tonu te hōhonutanga o te whatanga, te tauira o te kōhao whakairi me te taumaha o te taputapu i mua i te whakatakotoranga.

Mā te whakamahi i ēnei tikanga pai mō te whakairi whatanga, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere hangarau mōhiohio me ngā kaihangarau te hanga i ngā hanganga whatanga tauine, haumaru, me te pono e whakanui ana i te wā mahi, e whakapai ake ana i te pai o te rere o te hau, me te whakahaere i te tiaki mō te wā roa.