Kutsanangurwa kwehukuru hweRack ye 19-Inch uye saizi: Gwaro Rakazara reServer neRackmount PC Standards

Raki ye 19-inch ifuremu yakajairika pasi rose inoshandiswa kumasevha ekuisa, zvishandiso zve network, ma industrial controls, uye michina yekuona. Pakutanga yakatsanangurwa neEIA-310 standard, rack inotsanangura upamhi hwepaneru yepamberi ye 19 inches (482.6 mm), zvichibvumira hardware yakasiyana kubva kuvagadziri vakasiyana-siyana kuti ikwane munzvimbo imwe chete. Kuenderana uku kwakaita kuti masisitimu e rackmount ave musimboti we data centers, telecommunication rooms, broadcast studios, uye industrial automation facilities.

Zviyero zveraki zvinoenderana nepfungwa yechikamu cheraki (U), apo 1U yakaenzana ne1.75 inches (44.45 mm) pakureba. Midziyo yakaita se1U server, 2U storage array, kana 4U industrial PC inogona kuiswa yakatwasuka muraki imwe chete, zvichiwedzera huwandu hwezvinhu uku ichichengetedza saizi inogoneka. Kudzika kwacho kunosiyana-siyana, kubva pa600 mm kusvika 1200 mm (24–48 inches), uye inowanzo sarudzwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvekutonhodza, manejimendi yetambo, uye rudzi rwemichina inoiswa muraki iri kushandiswa.

Zvakanakira zvikuru zvefomati ye rack ye 19-inch zvinosanganisira:

• Kushanda pamwe chete vatengesi vakawanda
• Kushandiswa kwenzvimbo zvakanaka kuburikidza nekumisikidza kwakamira
• Kukwanisa kukura yekurima nharaunda dzeIT kana dzemaindasitiri
• Rutsigiro rwezvishongedzo zvakaita semaoko ekugadzirisa tambo, mayuniti ekuparadzira magetsi uye zvinodzivirira kufamba kwemhepo.

Munzvimbo dzemazuva ano dzeIT uye maindasitiri, saizi nehukuru hweraki remainchi 19 zvinoshanda sehwaro hwekuvaka zvivakwa zvakavimbika, zvinokura uye zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa.

Raki iyi ine 19-inch yave iri hwaro hwemaPC, maserver, uye michina yekutaurirana kweanopfuura zana remakore. Yakatangira kuAT&T muna 1922, apo mafoni anodzokorora akapa sisitimu yekukwidza yakajairika kuti zvive nyore kuisa nekugadzirisa. Yakatanga semhinduro yekutaurirana kweaterefoni yakakurumidza kuva mwero wepasi rose wenzvimbo dzedata, otomatiki yeindasitiri, uye michina yekuona nenzwi.

Kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti zvinoenderana kwenguva refu, mitemo yakati wandei yepasi rose yakaunzwa:

• EIA-310-D - Inotsanangura upamhi hwepaketi yepamutemo ye 19-inch, unit yekukwirira (U) ye 1.75 inches (44.45 mm) uye nzvimbo yegomba.
• IEC 60297 - Muyero wepasi rose wehukuru hwema rack, mapatani emaburi ekumisikidza uye kuenderana kwenzvimbo dzakasiyana.
• DIN 41494 - Muyero weEurope wakavakirwa pazvinodiwa neIEC uye unoshandiswa kakawanda mumakabati ekudzora maindasitiri.
• CEA-310-E - mutsivi wemirairo yeEIA, ichivimbisa saizi dzakafanana dzeraki dzeIT nemidziyo yemagetsi.

Pfungwa huru i rack unit (U), iyo inoenzanisa kukwirira kwemudziyo muzvikamu zve 1.75 inches. Izvi zvinobvumira 1U rackmount server, 2U storage device, kana 4U industrial PC chassis kuti ikwane zvakanaka mu enclosure imwe chete.

Tafura yekutarisa nekukurumidza

Aya ma rack standards anoramba akakosha pakuona kuti ma rackmount PC, ma server, switch uye ma industrial systems anoramba achikwanisa kushanda pamwe chete, achikwanisa kukura uye achivimbika mumaindasitiri ese.

Kunzwisisa zviyero zvepakati zveraki ye 19-inch kwakakosha pakushandisa maPC, ma server, uye zvishandiso zve network zvinokwidzwa ne rackmount. Zviyero zvitatu zvakakosha zvinosanganisira hupamhi, kukwirira, uye kudzika, chimwe nechimwe chinotsanangurwa nezvinodiwa neindasitiri, asi nekuchinja kwezvishandiso zvacho.

• Upamhi hwerack – Upamhi hwepaneru repamberi hwakajairwa i19 inches (482.6 mm) sezvakatsanangurwa neEIA-310. Njanji dzekuisa dzakatetepa zvishoma, dzine nzvimbo yemukati ye17.75-inch, kuitira kuti zvishandiso zvine mibato kana mabhezeri zvirambe zvichikwana. Mamwe maindasitiri anoshandisawo 23-inch racks, asi saizi ye19-inch rack ichiripo muIT uye maindasitiri ekudzora.
• Kureba kweraki - kuyerwa mumayuniti erack (U), uko 1U yakaenzana ne1.75 inches (44.45 mm). Midziyo yakaita se1U rackmount servers, 2U storage arrays, uye 4U industrial PCs zvakagadzirirwa kuyerwa uku. Saizi dzakajairika dzechassis i42U kana 48U, ine kugona kwakamira kweanopfuura tsoka 6.
• Kudzika kweraki – Kusiyana nehupamhi nekukwirira, kudzika hakuna kuenzana zvakakwana. Matanho akajairika ndeaya 600 mm (24″), 800 mm (31.5″), 1000 mm (39.4″), uye 1200 mm (47.2″). Kusarudzwa kwekudzikira kunokanganisa manejimendi yetambo, kufamba kwemhepo, uye kuenderana nemaseva makuru.

Pfupiso yehukuru hwe rack

Nekuenderana nehukuru hwema rack aya, masangano anovimbisa kushanda pamwe chete, kushandiswa kwenzvimbo zvakanaka, uye zvivakwa zvinokwanisa kukura zveIT uye macomputer ekugadzira ma rackmount eindasitiri.

Raki ye 19-inch inowanikwa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana uye magadzirirwo, imwe neimwe yemakombiyuta chaiwo ekuisa rack, maseva, kutaurirana uye mashandisirwo emaindasitiri. Kusarudza maitiro akakodzera kunoita kuti nzvimbo ishandiswe zvakanaka, kufamba kwemhepo uye rutsigiro rwemidziyo.

• Maturaki ane nhurikidzwa mbiri (relay) - zvitete, zvakareruka, uye zvinowanzoiswa pasi, izvi zvakanaka pakushandisa network switches, patch panels, uye rack mount michina yakareruka. Inowanzo kuwanikwa mumakabati ekutaurirana uko kudzika nekurema zvakaganhurirwa.
• Maturaki ane mativi mana inopa simbi dzekuisa pamberi nepakumashure, zvichipa kugoverwa kuri nani kwehuremu kumasevha, masisitimu eUPS, uye maPC emumaindasitiri makuru. Anogona kuvhurwa kuti asvikike kana kuvharwa kuitira kuchengetedzwa uye kudzora kufamba kwemhepo.
• Masherufu ekuchengetedza (makabhineti) - Yakavharwa zvizere nemagonhi anokiyiwa, mapaneru epadivi, uye masisitimu ekutonga tambo. Inozivikanwa munzvimbo dzedata uye makamuri ekugadzira otomatiki eindasitiri uko kudzivirira guruva, kudzora kutonhora, uye kuchengetedzeka kwakakosha.
• Masherufu akaiswa pamadziro - nzvimbo dzakamanikana dzemahofisi ebazi, nzvimbo dzeAV, kana mafekitori madiki emaindasitiri. Dzinowanzo kwanisa kukura kubva pa6U kusvika 18U.
• Masherufu akakosha - Inosanganisira machira asingapindi ruzha emuhofisi, machira anotevedza kudengenyeka kwenyika anoenderana neTelcordia GR-63-CORE, uye machira ekufambisa ndege eATA anofambiswa nemidziyo yekuparadzira uye yezviitiko zvepamoyo.

Pfupiso yegadziriro yeraki

Nekusarudza marongero akakodzera eraki, masangano anogona kuwana chiyero pakati pekuwanda kwevanhu, kutonhora, manejimendi yetambo uye kuchengetedzeka kuti vagadzire zvivakwa zvinoshanda uye zvakavimbika zveraki.

Chikamu chakakosha chehurongwa hwema rack hwema inch 19 i mounting rails ne hardware, izvo zvinotsanangura kuti ma rackmount PC, maseva, uye network devices zvinoiswa sei zvakachengeteka uye zvinobudirira. Kunyange zvazvo saizi yema rack nehukuru hwayo zvichigadzira framework, idzo rails, maburi, uye zvisungo zvinovimbisa kugadzikana kwenguva refu, nyore kuwana, uye kushandirana nemidziyo yakasiyana-siyana.

Mhando dzemaburi ekukwirisa

Mitemo yeindasitiri inotsanangura mhando nhatu dzemaburi dzinoshandiswa mumarambi ekuisa zvinhu:

• Maburi ane shinda - Maburi ane shinda akamboboorwa (kazhinji 10-32, 12-24, kana M6) anogamuchira zvakananga screws. Yakavimbika, asi isingachinjiki, sezvo kusimbisa zvakanyanya kunogona kukuvadza shinda.
• Nepakati pemaburi (akatenderera) - maburi asina shinda anoda screws nenzungu. Haawanzo kuwanikwa muma racks emazuva ano eIT, asi achiri kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzemaindasitiri.
• Maburi ane sikweya - ndiwo magadzirirwo akajairika mazuva ano. Aya anogamuchira nzungu dzemakeji, zvichibvumira mhando dzakasiyana dzemasikuruu uye kutsiva nekukurumidza. Akajairika muma racks mazhinji emaseva, nzvimbo dzedata, uye makabati ebhizinesi.

Kuisa njanji & masisitimu ekutsvedza

Magwara esimbi imatanda akamira ari muraki anotakura michina. Midziyo yakawanda, kunyanya maserver ekuisa rackmount nemaPC eindasitiri, anoshandisa makit esimbi anotsvedza anobatanidzwa kune ese ari maviri magwara epamberi neekumashure. Masisitimu aya anobvumira:

• Kupinda nyore nyore pakugadzirisa kana kutsiva
• Rutsigiro rwekuchinjana kwemagetsi kune maseva ebhizinesi
• Maoko ekutarisira tambo (CMA) ekurongedza tambo dziri kuseri kweseva

Njanji dzemhando yepamusoro dzinowanzogadzirwa nesimbi ine 2 mm kana kuti gobvu, izvo zvinowedzera kugona kwekutakura mutoro wePC dzinorema dze2U kana 4U.

Rutsigiro rwechivakwa uye kufunga nezvekudengenyeka kwenyika

Kuti zvigadzikane, machira ane mativi mana anogovera huremu hwemidziyo zvakaenzana, nokudaro zvichideredza kushushikana kwezvinhu zvinosungirirwa. Munzvimbo dzine kudengenyeka kana kudengenyeka kwenyika, machira anofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa neTelcordia GR-63-CORE uye GR-3108-CORE. Izvi zvinoda machira akasimbiswa, bracing, uye hardware inogona kutsungirira mitoro yakakwira.

Zvishongedzo uye kuwedzerwa kwemidziyo

Nzvimbo yakakwana ye rackmount hardware inowanzo sanganisira:

• Nzungu dzemumakeji nenzungu dzechikafu - dzekugadzirisa saizi dzakasiyana dzesikuruu
• Adapta yechitima - yekugadzika midziyo isiri yakajairika
• Matireyi etambo nemapaipi emagetsi - ekutarisira matambo akarongeka
• Zvikamu zvekugovera magetsi (PDUs) - zvakaiswa panzvimbo yakatwasuka kana kuti isina U kuti magetsi ashande zvakanaka
• Mafeni anopinza uye anobvisa mhepo - kuchengetedza kutonhora kunoshanda mumasevha akazara nevanhu vakawanda

Tafura yekutarisa yezvikamu zvegungano

Nekusarudza sisitimu yechitima chekuisa zvinhu zvakanaka pamwe nezvishongedzo zvehardware, masangano anovimbisa kuti zvivakwa zvavo zvekuisa zvinhu zve rackmount hazvina kuchengetedzeka chete asiwo kuti zvive nyore kugadzirisa, kufamba kwemhepo, uye kuvimbika kwenguva refu.

Raki ye 19-inch haisi furemu chete; ndiyo hwaro hwekugara ma rack PC akasiyana-siyana anoshandiswa munzvimbo dzedata, telecommunications, broadcasting, uye industrial automation. Saizi yayo yeraki yakajairika uye saizi dzinobvumira michina yakasiyana kubva kune vatengesi vakawanda kugara pamwe chete munzvimbo imwe chete, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kushanda pamwe chete uye kukura.

Zvishandiso zvakajairika zve rackmount

• Makomputa eRackmount nemakomputa eindasitiri - kazhinji 1U kusvika 4U yakakwira, yakagadzirirwa kudzora maindasitiri, otomatiki yefekitori uye edge computing.
• Masevha - Maseva eblade, maseva e1U application uye maseva ekuchengetedza e2U–4U ndiwo anotungamira ma racks epakati pedata.
• Midziyo yenetiweki - ma routers, ma switch, ma firewall uye mapatch panels anoumba musimboti we enterprise IT uye telecommunications networks.
• Magetsi uye mayuniti ekutonhodza - masisitimu eUPS ekuisa rackmount, maPDU (Power Distribution Units) uye mafeni ekugadzirisa kufamba kwemhepo.
• Midziyo yekuona nemaziso - ma consoles ekusanganisa, ma amplifiers uye ma encoders ekutepfenyura, anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muma AV uye ma media production racks.

Kushandiswa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana

• Nzvimbo dzedata –Maraki anogonesa kushandiswa kwemasevha ane huwandu hwakawanda, kutonhora kwemhepo zvinobudirira (kubva kumberi kuenda kumashure) uye manejimendi yetambo yakarongeka.
• Midziyo yekutaurirana – Maraki erelay ane mativi maviri ane maswichi ekutaurirana akareruka uye zvishandiso zvepatch.
• Nzvimbo dzemaindasitiri – Masherufu akavharirwa anodzivirira macomputer ekuisa sherufu mumaindasitiri kubva kuguruva, kudedera uye kushanduka-shanduka kwetembiricha.
• Kutepfenyura neAV - machira akakosha anopa nzvimbo yekudzivirira ruzha, kufamba-famba (panoitika kudengenyeka kwenyika) uye kuchengetedzeka kwekudengenyeka kwenyika.

Tafura Yekushandisa Zvishandiso zveRack

Nekushandisa fomati ye rack ye 19-inch, masangano anowana kushanda zvakanaka kwenzvimbo, kukura kwakarongeka, uye kuchengetedza kwakagadziridzwa, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yepasi rose yezvivakwa zvemazuva ano zve rackmount. (Dzidza zvakawanda nezve 1U rackmount PCs, 2U rackmount PCs, nezvimwewo)

Kunyange zvazvo rack ye 19-inch iriyo chiyero chepasi rose chekuisa maseva, makombiyuta ekugadzira rackmount emaindasitiri , uye michina yenetwork, kune mamwe maitiro ekugadzirisa rack anoramba achishandiswa mune mamwe maindasitiri. Kunzwisisa misiyano iyi kwakakosha pakuronga nekuwedzera zvivakwa.

Maitiro eimwe nzira yekuisa rack

• Masherufu e10-inch - Masherufu madiki, anowanzo shandiswa pamidziyo midiki yenetwork, michina yeAV kana ma laboratori epamba. Anochengetedza nzvimbo, asi haakwanise kuwedzerwa kuti ashandiswe mumabhizinesi kana mumaindasitiri.
• Masherufu e23-inch - Muyero wekare wekutaurirana, unowanikwa munzvimbo dzekare dzekushandura. Masherufu aya ane upamhi hwakawanda hwepaneru (584 mm) asi ari kutsiviwa zvakanyanya nemasherufu e19-inch munzvimbo dzemazuva ano dzedata.
• Open Rack Standard (OCP) – Yakagadzirwa neOpen Compute Project, ma racks aya ane upamhi hwakafanana hwe600 mm chassis asi anotsigira ma IT equipment modules akafara (21 inches / 533 mm). Anoshandiswa munzvimbo dze data dzakakura kuti awedzere kuzara uye kuti mhepo ifambe zvakanaka.
• Eurocard / DIN 41494 - Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukutonga kwemaindasitiri uye masisitimu akaiswa mukati, zvinoenderana neIEC 60297 specifications. Inowanzo shandiswa pamidziyo yakavakirwa paPCB mu automation uye test systems.

Tafura yekufananidza

Kuenzanisa rack ye 19-inch nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa izvi kunoita kuti zvive pachena kuti nei ichiramba iri sarudzo huru: kuenderana kwakakura, kutevedzera mitemo yeindasitiri, uye kugona kukura. Nzvimbo dzakagadzirwa—dzakadai sekutaurirana kana hyperscale computing—dzinogona kuramba dzichida mamwe mafomati ekushandisa pane zvinodiwa zvekushanda.

Raki iyi ine ma inch 19 inoramba iri iyo nzira yepasi rose yemakombiyuta ekugara, ma server, network devices, uye ma industrial control systems. Saizi yayo yeraki yakajairwa uye saizi — 19 inches yakafara, 1.75-inch rack unit (U) yakakwirira, uye 600–1200 mm yakadzika — inopa kushanda pamwe chete kunodiwa kune IT yemazuva ano, telecommunications, uye ma industrial applications. Nekutevedzera mitemo yeEIA-310 neIEC 60297, makambani anovimbisa kuti michina kubva kuvatengesi vakasiyana inopinda zvakanaka muchivako chimwe chete.

Zvakawanikwa zvikuru

• Upamhi: Yakagadzika pa 19 inches (482.6 mm), zvichiita kuti ienderane pasi rose.
• Kureba: Yakayerwa mumayuniti erack (U), uye marack e42U ne48U ndiwo anonyanya kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzedata.
• Kudzika: Hurefu hwesevha hunogona kuchinja hunosvika pakati pe600 mm ne1200 mm, huchisarudzwa zvichienderana nehurefu hwesevha, nzvimbo yetambo uye kufamba kwemhepo.
• Mhando dzemachira: Mareki ekutumira nhare ane mashure maviri emidziyo yekutaurirana yakareruka, mafuremu ane mashure mana akavhurika emaseva anorema, uye nzvimbo dzekuvharira nharaunda dzakachengeteka, dzinodzorwa neguruva.
• Zvishongedzo zvekuisa: Makomba ane nzungu dzemakeji ndiwo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri, akabatana nemasiraidhi, maCMA (tambo dzekutonga tambo) uye maPDU kuti ashande zvakanaka.

Maitiro akanakisa ekuisa rackmount

• Ronga kukura - Sarudza rack ine mamwe ma rack units kuti ikwane maseva emangwana, masisitimu eUPS, kana maPC eindasitiri.
• Isa pokutanga kutonhora – Iva nechokwadi chekuti mhepo inoyerera kubva kumberi kuenda kumashure, siya nzvimbo yekufambisa mafeni, uye funga nezvekuisa maplate asina chinhu kudzivirira nzvimbo dzinopisa.
• Ronga matambo emagetsi - Shandisa ma vertical cable managers, zero-U PDUs, uye CMAs kuti ma cable arambe akarongeka uye achishanda.
• Iva nechokwadi chekugadzikana – Munzvimbo dzine kudengenyeka kwenyika kana maindasitiri, shandisai ma racks ane chitupa cheTelcordia GR-63-CORE.
• Chiyera kaviri, isa kamwe chete - Gara uchisimbisa kudzika kweraki, maitiro ekuisa maburi uye huremu hwenzvimbo yacho usati waisa.

Nekushandisa nzira idzi dzakanakisa dzekuisa ma rack, mamaneja eIT nemainjiniya vanogona kuvaka zvivakwa zve rack zvinokwanisa kukura, zvakachengeteka, uye zvakavimbika zvinowedzera nguva yekushanda, kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwemhepo, uye kurerutsa kugadzirisa kwenguva refu.