Iot Vs. Iiot kwiShishini 4.0: Umahluko oPhambili, Amatyala oSetyenziso kunye neeNdlela zeXesha elizayo zoTshintsho lweDijithali

• Uphuhliso olukhawulezileyo lwetekhnoloji edityanisiweyo lukhokelele ekuveleni kweenkqubo ezimbini ezinamandla zendalo: i-Intanethi yezinto (IoT) kunye ne-Intanethi yezinto zezimboni (IIoT). Nangona zombini zinesiseko esifanayo sezixhobo ezidityanisiweyo, ukutshintshiselana kwedatha ngexesha langempela, kunye nokuzisebenzela ngokuzenzekelayo, usetyenziso lwazo kunye nefuthe lazo zahlukile kakhulu - ngakumbi kumxholo we-Industry 4.0.
• I-IoT ngokubanzi ibhekisa kwizicelo ezijolise kubathengi ezifana nezindlu ezikrelekrele, izinto ezinxitywayo, kunye nezithuthi ezixhunyiweyo, kugxilwe ekululameni, ukuphuculwa kwendlela yokuphila, kunye nedatha yomsebenzisi. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, i-IIoT yenzelwe iindawo zoshishino—iifektri, izityalo zamandla, amaziko okuthuthwa kwezinto—apho ukuthembeka kwenkqubo, ixesha lokusebenza, kunye nokugcinwa kwangaphambili kubalulekile.
• I-Industry 4.0, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yiFourth Industrial Revolution, idibanisa i-IIoT neenkqubo ze-cyber-physical, ukufunda koomatshini, i-cloud computing, kunye ne-big data analytics ukuze kusebenze iifektri ezikrelekrele kunye neekhonkco zokubonelela ezidijithali ngokupheleleyo.
• Eyona nto iphambili kwi-Industry 4.0 lunxibelelwano lwexesha langempela phakathi kwezinto eziphathekayo kunye namaqonga edijithali, atshintsha indlela iinkampani ezijonga ngayo, zilungiselela, kwaye zenze imisebenzi ngokuzenzekelayo.
• Ukuqonda umahluko ocacileyo phakathi kwe-IoT kunye ne-IIoT kunye neendima zazo kushishino kubalulekile kwimibutho efuna isicwangciso sokuguqula idijithali esinobungqina bexesha elizayo.

I-Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) lisebe elikhethekileyo le-IoT elisebenzisa unxibelelwano olukrelekrele kwiindawo zoshishino. Lidibanisa oomatshini abakrelekrele, uhlalutyo oluphambili, kunye nokubeka esweni ngexesha langempela ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, imveliso, kunye nokhuseleko kumacandelo ahlukeneyo afana nokuvelisa, amandla, uthutho, kunye neenkonzo.

Ngokungafaniyo ne-IoT ngokubanzi, iinkqubo ze-IIoT zenzelwe le misebenzi ilandelayo:

• Iimfuneko zokuthembeka okuphezulu kunye nokufumaneka
• Iindawo ezinobungozi (ubushushu, ukungcangcazela, uthuli)
• Ukuhamba kwedatha ebalulekileyo kwezoshishino
• Iiprotokholi zomgangatho wezoshishino (umz. i-OPC-UA, i-Modbus, i-PROFINET)

Iimeko eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa kwe-IIoT ziquka:

• Ulondolozo oluqikelelweyo lwezityalo zoshishino
• Ukubeka esweni izixhobo zemveliso kude
• Ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwamandla
• Ukulandelela uthotho lweenkonzo ngexesha langempela
• Ukuzenzekela kwefektri ngeenkqubo ze-SCADA kunye ne-PLC

Uyilo lwe-IIoT luhlala luquka:

Ngokuvumela ukwenziwa kwezigqibo eziqhutywa yidatha, i-IIoT yakha umqolo weefektri ezikrelekrele kwaye iphambili kwi-Industry 4.0. Iinkampani ezamkela i-IIoT zifumana ulwazi olunzulu malunga nokusebenza, zinciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi, kwaye zenze iinkqubo zemveliso ezikhawulezayo nezisebenzayo.

Nangona i-IoT kunye ne-IIoT zabelana ngesiseko esifanayo— izixhobo eziqhagamshelweyo, iinethiwekhi zesensor, kunye nokutshintshiselana kwedatha ngexesha langempela—zahluke kakhulu ngokweenjongo zoyilo, ukuthembeka, kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa. Ukuqonda la mahluko kubalulekile kwimibutho efuna iziseko zedijithali ezifanelekileyo kwizisombululo ezisekelwe kubathengi okanye ekuguqulweni kwemizi-mveliso.

1. Indalo kunye nokubonelela

• IoT:Isetyenziswa rhoqo emakhaya, eofisini, okanye kwiziseko zophuhliso zasezidolophini
• IIoT: Isetyenziswa kwiifektri, kwizikhululo zombane, nakwizakhiwo zoshishino apho iimeko ezigqithisileyo (uthuli, ukungcangcazela, ubushushu) zixhaphakile.

2. Iimfuno zedatha

• Idatha ye-IoT ayisoloko ibaluleke kakhulu (umz., ubushushu begumbi, idatha yokomelela komzimba).
• Idatha ye-IIoT ibaluleke kakhulu kwishishini, ifuna ukuchaneka ngexesha langempela lolawulo lwemveliso, iinkqubo zokhuseleko, kunye nokuthembeka kwezityalo.

3. Ukuthembeka nokufumaneka

• IoT inyamezela amaxesha okungasebenzi amafutshane
• I-IIoT ayifuni xesha lokungasebenzi, ineenkqubo ezingafunekiyo kunye neeprotokholi zokungaphumeleli.

4. Ukhuseleko lwe-intanethi

Ukhuseleko lwe-IoT lugxile ekukhuseleni idatha yobuqu.

Ukhuseleko lwe-IIoT kufuneka lujongane noku kulandelayo:

• Ukwahlulwa kwenethiwekhi yemizi-mveliso
• Ukhuseleko kwinqanaba leprotocol
• Uhlaziyo lwe-firmware olukhuselekileyo
• Iinkqubo zokufumanisa ukungena

5. Iinkqubo zonxibelelwano

6. Ukusetyenziswa kobunzima beemeko

• IoT igxile kakhulu kubasebenzisi, igxile ekubeni lula kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa.
• I-IIoT igxile kwinkqubo, ivumela ukuzenzekela, uhlalutyo lokuqikelela, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemizi-mveliso.

Ngokwenyani, i-IIoT yenzelwe ukusebenza okuqinileyo nokusebenza kakuhle, ngelixa i-IoT iphucula ukusebenziseka lula kwiindawo zokuhlala nezorhwebo. Ukukhetha phakathi kwazo kuxhomekeke kuhlobo olubalulekileyo lwesicelo sakho, iimfuno zokuthembeka kwedatha, kunye nomlinganiselo wokusetyenziswa ngaphakathi kwenkqubo ye-Industry 4.0 ecosystem ebanzi.

I-Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) lilitye lesiseko le-Industry 4.0 kwaye ivumela ixesha elitsha lokuvelisa ngobuchule ngokudibanisa iinkqubo ze-cyber-physical, i-cloud computing, uhlalutyo lwedatha ngexesha langempela, kunye nokufunda koomatshini. Ngokufaka uqhagamshelo kwiimashini zoshishino, i-IIoT iguqula iindawo zemveliso ezingashukumiyo zibe ziifektri ezikrelekrele ezikwaziyo ukuzijonga, ukuzilungiselela, kwanokuzilungisa.

Izinto eziphambili kwiShishini 4.0 ukuya kwi-IIoT

• I-Edge computing yokucubungula idatha yendawo nge-latency ephantsi
• Iiplatifomu zelifu zokugcina idatha enokukhuliswa kunye nohlalutyo
• Izinzwa ezixhunyiweyo zokujonga nokulawula ngexesha langempela
• Amawele edijithali aphinda-phinda iinkqubo zomzimba zokulinganisa nokwenza ngcono
• Ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa bokubona iipateni kunye nokwenza izigqibo ngokuzenzekelayo.

Amatyala okusetyenziswa kwiShishini 4.0

• Imigca yendibano ekrelekrele evumelana ngokuzenzekelayo notshintsho lwemveliso
• Iikhonkco zokubonelela ezidityanisiweyo ezinokubonakala ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni
• Iirobhothi ezizimeleyo ezisebenza ngedatha yesenzi
• Ulawulo lweeasethi ezikude kwiindawo ezininzi

Ngokuvumela unxibelelwano lwexesha langempela phakathi koomatshini, iinkqubo, kunye namaqonga, i-IIoT isusa ii-silos kwaye ivumela abavelisi ukuba bakhawuleze, baqhutywe yidatha, kwaye basebenze kakuhle. Ikwanceda ukuziqhelanisa nobuninzi, ivumela iifektri ukuba ziphendule ngokukhawuleza kwiimfuno zemarike ezitshintshayo ngelixa zigcina ukusebenza kakuhle.

Ngaphakathi kwimeko ebanzi yotshintsho lwedijithali, i-IIoT ayisebenzi nje kuphela njengophuculo lwetekhnoloji, kodwa njengesiseko esicwangcisiweyo sefektri ekrelekrele yexesha elizayo.

Ukusebenzisa i-Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) kunokudala ixabiso elongezelelekileyo kwiinkampani ezilwela imisebenzi ekrelekrele nesebenzayo. Nangona kunjalo, eli thuba lokuguqula izinto lizisa nemingeni emikhulu ekufuneka ijongwane nayo ngononophelo ngexesha lokucwangcisa nokusasaza.

Ukugcinwa kwangaphambili

• Ifumanisa izinto ezingaqhelekanga ngaphambi kokuba isixhobo singasebenzi kakuhle.
• Inciphisa ixesha lokuphumla elingacwangciswanga
• Yandisa ubomi bomatshini

ukusebenza kakuhle

• Ukuqonda ngexesha langempela kuphucula ukuhamba kwemveliso
• Inciphisa ukungenelela ngesandla kunye neempazamo zabantu

Ukunciphisa iindleko

• Inciphisa iindleko zokugcina nokugcina amandla
• Yenza ukuqokelelwa kwedatha kunye nengxelo ngokuzenzekelayo

Ukhuseleko oluphuculweyo kunye nokuthobela imithetho

• Ijonga iimeko eziyingozi
• Ixhasa izilumkiso zexesha langempela kunye nokuhlolwa kwembali

Ukwenziwa kwezigqibo eziqhutywa yidatha

• Ukusebenzisa iBig Data Analytics kunye ne-AI ukuze ufumane ulwazi olucwangcisiweyo
• Ivumela impendulo ekhawulezileyo kwiinguqu zemarike okanye zokusebenza

Imingeni eqhelekileyo ekuphunyezweni kwe-IIoT

Ukuze zizuze iingenelo ze-IIoT, iinkampani kufuneka zenze isicwangciso-nkqubo esicwangcisiweyo esiquka: ulawulo lomngcipheko, ulawulo lotshintsho, kunye nokudibana kwe-IT/OT. I-ROI yexesha elide ixhomekeke kubuchule bokudibanisa i-IIoT ngokungenamthungo kwiziseko ezikhoyo ngelixa kugcinwa imigangatho ephezulu yokhuseleko lwe-cyber, ukuthembeka kwenkqubo, kunye nolawulo lwedatha.

Ngokuphunyezwa okucingisiswe kakuhle, i-IIoT iba luncedo olukhulu ekuguquleni idijithali kumxholo we-Industry 4.0.

Ukuba i-IoT okanye i-IIoT ayisosisombululo esifanelekileyo kuzo zonke izinto, icebo lokuguqula idijithali eliphumelelayo liqala ngokulungelelanisa itekhnoloji neenjongo ezithile zenkampani yakho, ukulungela iziseko zophuhliso, kunye neemfuno zokusebenza. Nokuba usebenzisa izisombululo ze-IoT zabathengi okanye ze-IIoT zemizi-mveliso, ukucaca kwisicwangciso sobuchule kubalulekile.

Izinto eziphambili ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa kusenziwa isicwangciso

Iinjongo zoshishino

• Chonga apho ubuchwepheshe bedijithali bunciphisa khona iindleko, buphucula ukhuseleko, okanye bunyusa khona imveliso.
• Lungelelanisa iimeko zokusetyenziswa nee-KPIs ezifana nexesha lokusebenza, ukonga amandla, okanye ukusetyenziswa kwezityalo.

Uvavanyo lweziseko zophuhliso

• Ukuvavanya iinkqubo ze-IT kunye ne-OT ezikhoyo ukuze zilungele ukuhlanganiswa.
• Cinga ngonxibelelwano, ukuhamba kwedatha, kunye neziseko zokhuseleko lwe-cybersecurity.

Ukukhula okukhawulezayo kunye nokukhula kwexesha elizayo

• Khetha amaqonga anokuxhasa ii-sensors ezongezelelweyo, ii-edge nodes, okanye ii-application zelifu.
• Qinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo ziyasebenzisana kwaye zinokuziqhelanisa nemigangatho yeshishini eguqukayo.

Ukukhetha ababoneleli kunye neqonga

Ngaba ujonge amaqonga e-IIoT aqinisekisiweyo okanye izisombululo ze-IoT ezibonelela ngoku kulandelayo:

• Ukuthobela ukhuseleko
• Ii-API ezinokwenziwa ngokwezifiso
• Inkxaso enamandla yenkqubo yendalo

Ukuphuhlisa icebo elifanelekileyo kufuna ulungelelwaniso olubandakanya imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, iiprojekthi zovavanyo ezicingisisiweyo, kunye neemodeli zolawulo ezicacileyo. Iinkampani ezithatha indlela elinganisiweyo zinokuphumelela kwixesha le-Industry 4.0.

Ixabiso le-IoT kunye ne-IIoT libonakala ngakumbi ngokuphunyezwa okusebenzayo. Kumashishini onke, iinkampani zisebenzisa ezi teknoloji ukuphucula ukusebenza, ukunciphisa iindleko, kunye nokuphucula ukwenziwa kwezigqibo. Ngezantsi kukho imizekelo ephawulekayo ebonisa impembelelo esebenzayo ye-IoT kunye ne-IIoT kwiindawo ze-Industry 4.0.

1. Ukwenziwa kweMveliso ngoBuchule – Ishishini leeMoto

Umenzi weemoto wehlabathi uqalise inkqubo yokulungisa izinto kwangaphambili esebenzisa i-IIoT kuzo zonke izityalo zakhe zokuhlanganisa. Ngokudibanisa izinzwa zokungcangcazela kunye nohlalutyo lomphetho, inkampani inciphise ixesha lokungasebenzi komatshini ngama-30% kwaye yandisa ubomi bezixhobo, isindisa izigidi kwiindleko zokulungisa minyaka le.

2. Icandelo lamandla – Ukulungiswa kwefama yomoya

Umboneleli wamandla usebenzise izinzwa ze-IoT kunye nohlalutyo lwamafu ukujonga ukusebenza kwamakhulu eeturbine zomoya. Idatha yexesha langempela ivumele ukulinganisela umthwalo ngokuguquguqukayo kunye nokuchonga iimpazamo ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo ephucule ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kwaye yanciphisa umngcipheko wokusebenza.

3. Uthungelwano – Ukubeka esweni uthotho lwentsimbi ebandayo

Inkampani yezothutho iqalise izixhobo zokubona ubushushu ezidityanisiweyo kunye nokulandelela iGPS ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho yetyathanga elibandayo. Isisombululo se-IoT siqinisekisile ukuba iimpahla ezibolayo zihlala ngaphakathi kobushushu obufunekayo, nto leyo enciphisa ukonakala ngaphezulu kwama-40%.

4. Ukhathalelo lwempilo – Ukulandelela iiAsethi

• Izibhedlele zisebenzisa iinkqubo zokulandelela ezisekelwe kwi-IoT ukufumana izixhobo ezibalulekileyo ngexesha langempela. Ngokudibanisa i-RFID kunye ne-Wi-Fi triangulation, ukusebenza kakuhle kwabasebenzi kuye kwanda kwaye inani lelahleko yempahla liye lehla kakhulu.
• Le mizekelo igxininisa indlela ubuchwepheshe be-IoT kunye ne-IIoT obuguqula ngayo amashishini emveli. Ngokuqala ngeenjongo ezichazwe ngokucacileyo kunye neenkqubo ezinokwandiswa, imibutho inokufikelela kwimbuyekezo enokulinganiswa kwaye ivelise amandla okuguqula idijithali ngokubanzi.

• Imigca phakathi kwe-IoT kunye ne-IIoT iya isiba luzizi njengoko imibutho isebenzisa amaqhinga okuguqula idijithali aquka amacandelo abathengi kunye namashishini. Ngelixa i-IoT izisa unxibelelwano kunye nobukrelekrele kubomi bemihla ngemihla, i-IIoT inika amandla isiseko seShishini 4.0, ivumela iifektri ezikrelekrele, ukugcinwa kwangaphambili, kunye nohlalutyo lwexesha langempela kwinqanaba lemizi-mveliso.
• Ukudibana kwezi teknoloji kudala isakhelo esidibeneyo apho idatha, izixhobo kunye nezigqibo zidityaniswe ngokungenamthungo. Olu lungelelwaniso lwenza iinkampani zikwazi ukuhamba ngaphaya kweemeko zokusetyenziswa ezizimeleyo kwaye zakhe iinkqubo zedijithali eziphuma kude ziye ekupheleni ezivelisa ixabiso leshishini elinokulinganiswa.
• Ukuze ziphumelele kwixesha le-Industry 4.0, iinkampani kufuneka zijonge oku kudibana ngononophelo. Impumelelo ixhomekeke ekukhetheni ubuchwepheshe obuchanekileyo, ukuzidibanisa ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka, kunye nokulungelelanisa imizamo yedijithali neenjongo zesicwangciso sexesha elide. Ikamva alikho kwi-IoT okanye kwi-IIoT - kukudibana okukrelekrele kwazo zombini, okwakha ihlabathi lemizi-mveliso elikrelekrele neliphendula ngakumbi.

Idlala yiphi indima i-SINSMART kwi-IIoT nakwi-Industry 4.0 ecosystem?

I-SINSMART idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhawuleziseni ukwamkelwa kwe-Industry 4.0 ngokubonelela ngesisombululo esibanzi sezisombululo zekhompyutha zoshishino eziqinileyo ezenzelwe ukuxhasa iindawo ezintsonkothileyo, ezidityanisiweyo, nezisebenzisa idatha eninzi. Njengoko amashishini enza imisebenzi yawo ibe yedijithali kwaye esebenzisa iziseko ze-IIoT, i-SINSMART iqinisekisa ukuba isiseko sehadiwe sihlala ixesha elide, siguquguquka, kwaye sikrelekrele ngokwaneleyo ukuxhasa ulawulo kunye nohlalutyo lwexesha langempela kwiindawo ezinzima.

Imigca yemveliso ephambili yokuxhasa utshintsho lwe-IIoT

Iikhompyutha zeRackmount Industrial

• Yenzelwe amagumbi eseva kunye namaziko olawulo, i-SINSMART's iiPC ze-rackmount inikezela ngekhompyutha esebenza kakuhle kakhulu enokuthembeka kwimizi-mveliso, efanelekileyo kwiinkqubo ze-SCADA, ukucutshungulwa kwemifanekiso kwimizi-mveliso, kunye nolawulo lwenethiwekhi yemizi-mveliso.
• Iikhompyutha ze-SINSMART eziqinileyo neziqinileyo zisondeza ukucubungula kumthombo wedatha. Zivumela uhlalutyo lwexesha langempela, ulawulo lwe-low-latency, kunye ne-edge AI, ebalulekileyo ekusetyenzisweni kwefektri ekrelekrele yanamhlanje.
• Iitablethi kunye neeLaptops eziqinileyo ezi iipilisi eziqinileyo
  , eyenzelwe iingcali zenkonzo yasentsimini kunye nabasebenzi benethiwekhi yeselula, imelana nokuwa, uthuli, amanzi kunye nobushushu obugqithisileyo ngelixa ixhasa ukuqokelelwa kwedatha, ukuxilongwa okukude kunye nokulandelela iiasethi kwiindawo zoshishino.

Izixhobo eziphathekayo ezirhabaxa

• Iilaptops ezirhabaxa kwiimeko eziqinileyo, ezifanelekileyo kuvavanyo lwendawo, ukuqokelelwa kwedatha, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwentsimi apho iiPC zesiqhelo zingasebenzi khona.

Iikhompyutha ezifakwe kwizithuthi

• yenzelwe ngokukodwa ulawulo lweenqwelo-mafutha, uthutho, kunye nokusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo kwezothutho.iikhompyutha zezithuthi, njenge iitafile zezithuthi kunye neekhompyutha zezithuthi, zidityaniswe i-GPS, ibhasi ye-CAN, kunye noqhagamshelo olungenazingcingo lwekhompyutha eshukumayo.

Ukususela kumgangatho wefektri ukuya kubasebenzi abahambahambayo kunye nezithuthi zemizi-mveliso, i-SINSMART, umenzi ophambili weekhompyutha zemizi-mveliso eTshayina, ibonelela ngesiseko sekhompyutha esomeleleyo esivumela izisombululo ze-IIoT eziqinileyo, zexesha langempela, kunye nezinokwandiswa ezinika amandla isizukulwana esilandelayo semizi-mveliso ekrelekrele.