I-Iot Vs. Iiot ku-Industry 4.0: Umehluko Obalulekile, Amacala Okusetshenziswa kanye Nezindlela Zesikhathi Esizayo Zokuguqulwa Kwedijithali

• Ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe obuxhumene kuholele ekuveleni kwezindawo ezimbili ezinamandla zemvelo: i-Inthanethi Yezinto (IoT) kanye ne-Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). Nakuba zombili zihlanganyela isisekelo esifanayo samadivayisi axhumene nenethiwekhi, ukushintshaniswa kwedatha ngesikhathi sangempela, kanye nokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela, izinhlelo zokusebenza kanye nemiphumela yazo kuhluka kakhulu - ikakhulukazi kumongo we-Industry 4.0.
• I-IoT ngokuvamile ibhekisela ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezigxile kubathengi njengezindlu ezihlakaniphile, izinto ezigqokwayo, nezimoto ezixhunyiwe, ngokugxila ekululameni, ekuthuthukiseni indlela yokuphila, kanye nedatha yomsebenzisi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-IIoT yenzelwe izindawo zezimboni - amafektri, izitshalo zikagesi, izikhungo zezokuthutha - lapho ukuthembeka kwesistimu, isikhathi sokusebenza, kanye nokugcinwa kokubikezela kubalulekile.
• I-Industry 4.0, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-Fourth Industrial Revolution, ihlanganisa i-IIoT nezinhlelo ze-cyber-physical, ukufunda komshini, ukubala amafu, kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha enkulu ukuze kuvunyelwe amafektri ahlakaniphile kanye nezintambo zokuhlinzeka ezidijithali ngokugcwele.
• Enhliziyweni ye-Industry 4.0 kukhona ukuxhumana kwesikhathi sangempela phakathi kwezimpahla ezibonakalayo namapulatifomu edijithali, okushintsha indlela izinkampani eziqapha ngayo, zilungiselele futhi zenze imisebenzi ngokuzenzakalela.
• Ukuqonda umehluko omncane phakathi kwe-IoT ne-IIoT kanye nezindima zazo emkhakheni wezimboni kubalulekile ezinhlanganweni ezifuna isu lokuguqula idijithali eliqinisekisa ikusasa.

I-Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) igatsha elikhethekile le-IoT elisebenzisa ukuxhumana okuhlakaniphile ezindaweni zezimboni. Ihlanganisa imishini ehlakaniphile, ukuhlaziya okuthuthukisiwe, kanye nokuqapha ngesikhathi sangempela ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, ukukhiqiza, kanye nokuphepha emikhakheni ehlukahlukene njengokukhiqiza, amandla, ezokuthutha, kanye nezinsiza.

Ngokungafani ne-IoT ejwayelekile, izinhlelo ze-IIoT zenzelwe imisebenzi elandelayo:

• Izidingo zokuthembeka okuphezulu nokutholakala
• Izindawo ezinzima (izinga lokushisa, ukudlidliza, uthuli)
• Ukugeleza kwedatha okubalulekile kwebhizinisi
• Izinqubo zokulinganisa zezinga lezimboni (isb. i-OPC-UA, i-Modbus, i-PROFINET)

Amacala avamile okusetshenziswa kwe-IIoT afaka:

• Ukulungiswa kwangaphambili kwezitshalo zezimboni
• Ukuqapha kude izindawo zokukhiqiza
• Ukuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla
• Ukulandelela uchungechunge lokunikezwa kwempahla ngesikhathi sangempela
• Ukuzenzakalela kwefektri ngezinhlelo ze-SCADA kanye ne-PLC

Ukwakhiwa kwe-IIoT kuvame ukufaka:

Ngokuvumela ukwenza izinqumo okusekelwe kudatha, i-IIoT yakha umgogodla wezimboni ezihlakaniphile futhi iyisihluthulelo esiyinhloko se-Industry 4.0. Izinkampani ezamukela i-IIoT zithola ukuqonda okujulile ngokusebenza, zinciphise isikhathi sokungasebenzi, futhi zidale izinhlelo zokukhiqiza ezisheshayo nezisebenza kahle.

Nakuba i-IoT ne-IIoT zabelana ngesisekelo esifanayo—amadivayisi axhunyiwe, amanethiwekhi ezinzwa, kanye nokushintshana kwedatha ngesikhathi sangempela—zihluka kakhulu ngokwemigomo yokuklama, ukuthembeka, kanye namacala okusetshenziswa. Ukuqonda lokhu mehluko kubalulekile ezinhlanganweni ezifuna ingqalasizinda yedijithali efanele yezixazululo ezisekelwe kubathengi noma ukuguqulwa kwezimboni.

1. Imvelo Nokuhlinzeka Ngezidingo

• I-IoT:Ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa emakhaya, emahhovisi, noma engqalasizinda yasemadolobheni
• IIoT: Isetshenziswa emafektri, ezitshalweni zikagesi, nasezindaweni zezimboni lapho izimo ezimbi kakhulu (uthuli, ukudlidliza, izinga lokushisa) zivame khona.

2. Izidingo zedatha

• Idatha ye-IoT ivame ukungabalulekile (isb., izinga lokushisa legumbi, idatha yokufaneleka).
• Idatha ye-IIoT ibaluleke kakhulu ebhizinisini, idinga ukunemba kwesikhathi sangempela ukuze kulawulwe ukukhiqiza, izinhlelo zokuphepha, kanye nokuthembeka kwezitshalo.

3. Ukuthembeka nokutholakala

• I-IoT ibekezelela izikhathi zokungasebenzi ezimfushane
• I-IIoT ayidingi isikhathi sokungasebenzi, ngezinhlelo ezingafuneki kanye nezinqubo zokwehluleka.

4. Ukuphepha kwe-inthanethi

Ukuphepha kwe-IoT kugxile ekuvikeleni idatha yomuntu siqu.

Ukuphepha kwe-IIoT kumele kubhekane nalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukuhlukaniswa kwenethiwekhi yezimboni
• Ukuphepha ezingeni lephrothokholi
• Izibuyekezo ze-firmware ezivikelekile
• Izinhlelo zokuthola ukungena

5. Izinqubo zokuxhumana

6. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinkinga zecala

• I-IoT igxile kakhulu kubasebenzisi, igxile ekulula ukuyisebenzisa kanye nokulula kwayo.
• I-IIoT igxile ohlelweni, ivumela ukuzenzekela, ukuhlaziya okubikezelayo, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezimboni.

Empeleni, i-IIoT yenzelwe ukusebenza okuqinile nokusebenza kahle, kuyilapho i-IoT ithuthukisa ukusebenziseka kalula ezindaweni zokuhlala nezentengiselwano. Ukukhetha phakathi kwazo kuncike esimweni esibucayi senhloso yohlelo lwakho lokusebenza, izidingo zobuqotho bedatha, kanye nesilinganiso sokusetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwe-ecosystem ebanzi ye-Industry 4.0.

I-Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) iyitshe lesisekelo le-Industry 4.0 futhi ivumela inkathi entsha yokukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile ngokuhlanganiswa kwezinhlelo ze-cyber-physical, i-cloud computing, ukuhlaziywa kwedatha ngesikhathi sangempela, kanye nokufunda komshini. Ngokufaka ukuxhumana emishinini yezimboni, i-IIoT iguqula izindawo zokukhiqiza ezingaguquki zibe amafektri ahlakaniphile akwazi ukuziqapha, ukuzilungiselela, ngisho nokuzilungisa.

Izici ezibalulekile ze-Industry 4.0 kuya ku-IIoT

• I-Edge computing yokucubungula idatha yendawo nge-latency ephansi
• Amapulatifomu efu okugcina nokuhlaziya idatha okunwebekayo
• Izinzwa ezixhunyiwe zokuqapha nokulawula ngesikhathi sangempela
• Amawele edijithali aphinda izinhlelo ezibonakalayo zokulingisa nokwenza ngcono
• Ubuhlakani bokwenziwa bokubona amaphethini nokwenza izinqumo ngokuzenzakalelayo.

Amacala okusetshenziswa ku-Industry 4.0

• Imigqa yokuhlangana ehlakaniphile evumelana ngokuzenzakalelayo nezinguquko zokukhiqiza
• Amaketanga okuphakelwa axhunyiwe anokubonakala kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekugcineni
• Amarobhothi azimele asebenza ngedatha yenzwa
• Ukuphathwa kwempahla okude kuzo zonke izikhungo eziningi

Ngokuvumela ukuxhumana kwesikhathi sangempela phakathi kwemishini, izinhlelo, namapulatifomu, i-IIoT isusa ama-silo futhi ivumela abakhiqizi ukuthi basheshe, baqondiswe idatha, futhi basebenze kahle. Iphinde ikhuthaze ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ngobuningi, ivumela amafektri ukuthi aphendule ngokushesha ezidingweni zemakethe ezishintshayo ngenkathi egcina ukusebenza kahle.

Ngaphakathi komongo obanzi wokuguqulwa kwedijithali, i-IIoT ayisebenzi nje kuphela njengokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi njengesisekelo samasu efektri ehlakaniphile yesikhathi esizayo.

Ukusebenzisa i-Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) kungadala inani elikhulu ezinkampanini ezilwela ukusebenza okuhlakaniphile nokusebenza kahle. Kodwa-ke, leli thuba lokuguqula liphinde lilethe izinselele ezinkulu okumele zixazululwe ngokucophelela ngesikhathi sokuhlela nokusabalalisa.

Ukulungiswa kokubikezela

• Ithola amaphutha ngaphambi kokuba idivayisi ihluleke.
• Kunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula esingahleliwe
• Kwandisa isikhathi sokuphila komshini

ukusebenza kahle

• Ukuqonda kwesikhathi sangempela kuthuthukisa ukugeleza kokukhiqiza
• Kunciphisa ukungenelela ngesandla kanye namaphutha abantu

Ukwehliswa kwezindleko

• Kunciphisa izindleko zokulungisa kanye nezamandla
• Iqoqa idatha ngokuzenzakalelayo kanye nokubika

Ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokuthobela imithetho

• Iqapha izimo eziyingozi
• Isekela izexwayiso zesikhathi sangempela kanye nokuhlolwa komlando

Ukwenza izinqumo okusekelwe kudatha

• Ukusebenzisa i-Big Data Analytics kanye ne-AI ukuthola ulwazi oluqondile
• Ivumela impendulo esheshayo ezinguqukweni zemakethe noma zokusebenza

Izinselele ezivamile ekusebenziseni i-IIoT

Ukuze kuzuzwe izinzuzo ze-IIoT, izinkampani zidinga ukuthuthukisa umhlahlandlela osusu ohlanganisa: ukuphathwa kwezingozi, ukuphathwa koshintsho, kanye nokuhlangana kwe-IT/OT. I-ROI yesikhathi eside incike ekhonweni lokuhlanganisa i-IIoT ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka engqalasizinda ekhona ngenkathi kugcinwa amazinga aphezulu okuphepha kwe-cyber, ukuthembeka kohlelo, kanye nokuphathwa kwedatha.

Ngokuqaliswa okucatshangelwe kahle, i-IIoT iba yindlela enamandla yokuguqula idijithali kumongo we-Industry 4.0.

Uma sicabanga ukuthi i-IoT noma i-IIoT akuyona ikhambi elifanela wonke umuntu, isu lokuguqula idijithali eliphumelelayo liqala ngokuvumelanisa ubuchwepheshe nemigomo ethile yenkampani yakho, ukulungela ingqalasizinda, kanye nezidingo zokusebenza. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenzisa izixazululo ze-IoT zabathengi noma ze-IIoT zezimboni, ukucaca ekuhleleni amasu kubalulekile.

Izinto ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe ekuthuthukisweni kwamasu

Izinhloso zebhizinisi

• Thola ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bedijithali bunciphisa kuphi izindleko, buthuthukisa ukuphepha, noma bukhulisa umkhiqizo.
• Qondanisa izimo zokusetshenziswa nama-KPI njengesikhathi sokusebenza, ukusetshenziswa kahle kwamandla, noma ukusetshenziswa kwezitshalo.

Ukuhlolwa kwengqalasizinda

• Hlola izinhlelo ze-IT kanye ne-OT ezikhona ukuze zilungele ukuhlanganiswa.
• Cabanga ngokuxhumana, ukugeleza kwedatha, kanye nezisekelo zokuphepha kwe-inthanethi.

Ukukhula kanye nokukhula kwesikhathi esizayo

• Khetha amapulatifomu angasekela izinzwa ezengeziwe, ama-edge node, noma izinhlelo zokusebenza zamafu.
• Qinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo ziyasebenzisana futhi zingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezindinganiso zemboni ezishintshashintshayo.

Ukukhetha umhlinzeki kanye neplatifomu

Ingabe ufuna amapulatifomu e-IIoT afakazelwe noma izixazululo ze-IoT ezinikeza okulandelayo:

• Ukuthobela imithetho yokuphepha
• Ama-API Angenziwa Ngokwezifiso
• Ukusekelwa okuqinile kwe-ecosystem

Ukuthuthukisa isu elifanele kudinga ukuhambisana kwemisebenzi ehlukahlukene, amaphrojekthi okuhlola acabangelene, kanye namamodeli okuphatha acacile. Izinkampani ezithatha indlela elinganisiwe zingaphumelela esikhathini se-Industry 4.0.

Inani le-IoT kanye ne-IIoT libonakala kakhulu ngokusebenzisa ukusebenza okungokoqobo. Kuzo zonke izimboni, izinkampani zisebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza, ukunciphisa izindleko, kanye nokuthuthukisa ukwenza izinqumo. Ngezansi kunezibonelo ezithile eziphawulekayo ezibonisa umthelela ongokoqobo we-IoT kanye ne-IIoT ezindaweni ze-Industry 4.0.

1. Ukukhiqiza Okuhlakaniphile – Imboni Yezimoto

Umkhiqizi wezimoto womhlaba wonke usebenzise uhlelo lokulungisa izibikezelo olusebenzisa i-IIoT kuzo zonke izimboni zakhe zokuhlanganisa. Ngokuhlanganisa izinzwa zokudlidliza kanye nokuhlaziywa komngcele, inkampani inciphise isikhathi sokungasebenzi komshini ngo-30% futhi yandisa imijikelezo yokuphila kwemishini, yonga izigidi zezindleko zokulungisa minyaka yonke.

2. Umkhakha wamandla – Ukulungiswa kwepulazi lomoya

Umhlinzeki wamandla usebenzise izinzwa ze-IoT kanye nokuhlaziywa kwamafu ukuqapha ukusebenza kwamakhulu ama-turbine omoya. Idatha yesikhathi sangempela ivumele ukulinganisela umthwalo oguqukayo kanye nokutholwa kwamaphutha okusebenza, okuthuthukise ukulethwa kwamandla futhi kunciphisa ingozi yokusebenza.

3. Ukuphathwa Kwezinto Ezidingekayo – Ukuqapha uchungechunge olubandayo

Inkampani yezokuthutha iqalise izinzwa zokushisa ezixhunyiwe kanye nokulandelela i-GPS ukuqinisekisa ukuthobela imithethonqubo ye-cold chain. Isixazululo se-IoT siqinisekisile ukuthi izimpahla ezibolayo zihlala ngaphakathi kwezinga lokushisa elidingekayo, kunciphisa ukonakala ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-40.

4. Ukunakekelwa Kwezempilo - Ukulandelela Impahla

• Izibhedlela zisebenzisa izinhlelo zokulandelela ezisekelwe ku-IoT ukuthola imishini ebalulekile ngesikhathi sangempela. Ngokuhlanganisa i-RFID kanye ne-Wi-Fi triangulation, ukusebenza kahle kwabasebenzi kukhuphukile futhi inani lokulahlekelwa yimpahla lehle kakhulu.
• Lezi zibonelo ziqokomisa indlela ubuchwepheshe be-IoT kanye ne-IIoT obuguqula ngayo izimboni zendabuko. Ngokuqala ngemigomo echazwe ngokucacile kanye nezinhlelo ezingandiswa, izinhlangano zingafinyelela imbuyiselo elinganisekayo futhi zikhiqize umfutho wokuguqulwa kwedijithali okubanzi.

• Imingcele phakathi kwe-IoT ne-IIoT iya ngokuya ifiphala njengoba izinhlangano zisebenzisa amasu okuguqula idijithali ahlanganisa imikhakha yabathengi neyezimboni. Ngenkathi i-IoT iletha ukuxhumana kanye nobuhlakani empilweni yansuku zonke, i-IIoT inika amandla umongo we-Industry 4.0, ivumela amafektri ahlakaniphile, ukugcinwa kokubikezela, kanye nokuhlaziywa kwesikhathi sangempela ngezinga lezimboni.
• Ukuhlangana kwalawa matheknoloji kudala uhlaka oluhlangene lapho idatha, amadivayisi, kanye nezinqumo kuhlanganiswa khona ngokungenamthungo. Lokhu kuhambisana kwenza izinkampani zikwazi ukudlulela ngale kwamacala okusetshenziswa okuhlukile futhi zakhe izinhlelo zemvelo zedijithali ezikhiqiza inani lebhizinisi elilinganisekayo.
• Ukuze ziphumelele esikhathini se-Industry 4.0, izinkampani kumele zibhekane nalokhu kuhlangana ngokucabangela. Impumelelo itholakala ekukhetheni ubuchwepheshe obufanele, buhlanganise ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka, futhi buvumelanise imizamo yedijithali nemigomo yesikhathi eside. Ikusasa akulona i-IoT noma i-IIoT - kungukuhlanganiswa okuhlakaniphile kokubili, okwakha umhlaba wezimboni ohlakaniphile nophendulayo kakhudlwana.

Iyiphi indima edlalwa yi-SINSMART ohlelweni lwe-IIoT kanye ne-Industry 4.0?

I-SINSMART idlala indima ebalulekile ekusheshiseni ukwamukelwa kwe-Industry 4.0 ngokuhlinzeka ngesethi ephelele yezixazululo zekhompyutha zezimboni eziqinile ezenzelwe ukusekela izindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezixhumene, nezisebenzisa idatha eningi. Njengoba izimboni zenza imisebenzi yazo ibe yedijithali futhi zisebenzisa ingqalasizinda ye-IIoT, i-SINSMART iqinisekisa ukuthi isisekelo sehadiwe sihlala isikhathi eside, siyaguquguquka, futhi sihlakaniphe ngokwanele ukusekela ukulawula nokuhlaziya ngesikhathi sangempela ezindaweni ezinzima.

Imigqa yemikhiqizo eyinhloko yokusekela ukuguqulwa kwe-IIoT

Ama-PC Ezimboni eRackmount

• Yakhelwe amakamelo eseva nezikhungo zokulawula, i-SINSMART's ama-PC okufaka i-rack inikeza ukusebenza kahle kwekhompyutha okunokwethenjelwa kwezimboni, okulungele izinhlelo ze-SCADA, ukucutshungulwa kwezithombe zezimboni, kanye nokuphathwa kwenethiwekhi yezimboni.
• Amakhompyutha e-SINSMART aqinile futhi aqinile, asondeza ukucubungula emthonjeni wedatha. Avumela ukuhlaziywa kwesikhathi sangempela, ukulawulwa kwe-low-latency, kanye ne-edge AI, okubalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwesimanje kwefektri ehlakaniphile.
• Amaphilisi Nama-laptop Aqinile Lawa amaphilisi aqinile
  , eyenzelwe ochwepheshe benkonzo yasensimini kanye nabasebenzi benethiwekhi yeselula, ibekezelela ukuwa, uthuli, amanzi kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu ngenkathi isekela ukuqoqwa kwedatha, ukuxilongwa okukude kanye nokulandelela izimpahla ezindaweni zezimboni.

Amadivayisi aphathekayo aqinile

• Ama-laptop aqinile ezicini eziqinile zesimo, ezifanele ukuhlolwa endaweni, ukuqoqwa kwedatha, kanye nokusetshenziswa ensimini lapho ama-PC avamile engasebenzi khona.

Amakhompyutha afakwe emotweni

• eyenzelwe ngqo ukuphathwa kwemikhumbi, ukuthutha, kanye nokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela kwezokuthutha. I-SINSMART'samakhompyutha ezimoto, njenge amaphilisi emoto namakhompyutha ezimoto, kuhlanganisa i-GPS, ibhasi le-CAN, kanye nokuxhumeka okungenantambo kwekhompyutha enyakazayo.

Kusukela ezitezi zefektri kuya emisebenzini ephathwayo kanye nezimoto zezimboni, i-SINSMART, umkhiqizi ohamba phambili wamakhompyutha ezimboni eShayina, ihlinzeka ngesisekelo sekhompyutha esiqinile esivumela izixazululo ze-IIoT eziqinile, zesikhathi sangempela, nezinwebekayo ezinika amandla isizukulwane esilandelayo semboni ehlakaniphile.