Ukuvula i-PCIe x1 Slot: Ukubuka Konke kanye Nokusetshenziswa Okungaba Khona
2024-08-19 11:47:56
I-PCIe imele i-Peripheral Component Interconnect Express. Iyindinganiso ye-interface esheshayo exhumanisa izingxenye ezahlukene zekhompyutha zangaphakathi. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ukuxhuma amakhadi okunweba ebhodini lomama, okuhlanganisa amakhadi ehluzo, amakhadi enethiwekhi, namakhadi okuqoqa idatha.
Izikhala ze-PCIe ziyahlukahluka ngobukhulu. Ukucushwa okuvamile kwezikhala kufaka phakathi i-x1, x4, x8, kanye ne-x16, okubonisa inani leziteshi zedatha ezitholakalayo zokuxhumana. Uma inani likhulu, kulapho idatha idluliselwa khona ngokushesha phakathi kwebhodi lomama kanye nekhadi lesandiso.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imininingwane ehlukene ingase ihambisane ne-upward. Isibonelo, ikhadi lesandiso le-x1 lingasetshenziswa futhi ekucushweni kwe-x4, x8, kanye ne-x16. Ikhadi elingasetshenziswa ekucushweni kwe-x8 lingasetshenziswa nasekucushweni kwe-x16.
Okuqukethwe
1. Iyini i-slot ye-PCIe x1?
Isikhala se-PCIe x1 siyindlela yokwandisa enomzila owodwa we-PCIe. Siyindawo encane kunazo zonke ye-PCI Express ene-throughput ephansi kakhulu, kodwa ilungele amakhadi ahlukahlukene e-PCIe angaphandle anamandla aphansi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amakhadi e-PCIe x1 angafakwa kunoma yisiphi isikhala sokunwetshwa kwe-PCIe, kufaka phakathi izikhala ze-x4, x8, kanye ne-x16. Abantu bavame ukunganaki injongo yesikhala se-PCIe x1, kodwa sizoyichaza ngokujulile ngezansi.
2. Ingakanani isivinini esiphezulu se-PCIe x1?
Isivinini esiphezulu se-PCIe x1 siyahlukahluka ngesizukulwane. Isivinini sokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe siyakhula. Kusukela ku-PCIe 1.0 kuya ku-PCIe 6.0 yakamuva, i-bandwidth kanye nesivinini sesizukulwane ngasinye kukhuphuke kakhulu. Imininingwane imi kanje:
1. I-PCIe 1.0: Isivinini esiphezulu sethiyori ku-PCIe 1.0 singama-250 MB/s, okubhekana kakhulu nenkinga yebhasi elihambisanayo, okuholela ekukhuphukeni kokuqala kwesilinganiso sokudlulisa idatha.
2. I-PCIe 2.0: Lesi sizukulwane se-PCIe x1 ejwayelekile sinesivinini esiphezulu sethiyori esingu-500 MB/s futhi sigcina inqubo yokufaka ikhodi ye-8b/10b.
3. I-PCIe 3.0: Kulesi sizukulwane, isivinini esiphezulu se-PCIe x1 sikhuphukela ku-1 GB/s. I-PCIe 3.0 yethula indlela yokufaka ikhodi ye-128b/130b esebenza kahle kakhulu, ehlisa idatha engadingekile ngenkathi ikhulisa ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisa idatha kwangempela.
4. I-PCIe 4.0: Ngaphansi kwaleli zinga, isivinini esiphezulu se-PCIe x1 singu-2 GB/s. I-PCIe 4.0 inyusa izinga lokudlulisa liye ku-16 GT/s futhi iyaqhubeka nokusebenzisa uhlelo lokufaka ikhodi lwe-128b/130b olusebenza kahle, okwandisa kakhulu i-bandwidth.
5. I-PCIe 5.0: Lesi sizukulwane se-PCIe x1 sinesivinini esiphezulu sethiyori esingu-4 GB/s kanye nesilinganiso sokudlulisa esingu-32 GT/s, okuqinisekisa ukuhambisana emuva ngenkathi sinikeza ukusebenza kahle kukagesi okuphezulu.
3. Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-PCIe slots?
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, izikhala ze-PCIe ziza ngobukhulu noma ukucushwa okuhlukahlukene, okuvame kakhulu kuzo okuhlanganisa i-x1, x4, x8, kanye ne-x16. Nasi isingeniso esinemininingwane:
I-PCIe x1: Lesi yisikhala se-PCIe esincane kunazo zonke esinesiteshi esisodwa sokuxhumana kwedatha. Izikhala ze-PCIe x1 zivame ukusetshenziselwa amakhadi okunweba angenzima, njengamakhadi omsindo, amakhadi enethiwekhi, kanye nama-adaptha e-Wi-Fi.
I-PCIe x4: Lesi sikhala sineziteshi ezine zokudlulisa idatha. Sinikeza umkhawulokudonsa omningi kunesikhala se-x1 futhi sivame ukusetshenziswa kumakhadi ahlukahlukene okunweba, kufaka phakathi abalawuli besitoreji, amakhadi e-RAID, kanye namanye amakhadi omsindo.
I-PCIe x8: Lesi sikhala sinemizila yedatha engu-8, enikeza umkhawulokudonsa omkhulu. Lezi zikhala zivame ukusetshenziselwa amakhadi okunweba asebenza kahle adinga amazinga aphezulu okudluliswa kwedatha, njengama-adaptha athile enethiwekhi namakhadi okuthola idatha azinikele.
I-PCIe x16: Lesi yisikhala esikhulu kunazo zonke se-PCIe, esinemizila yedatha engu-16. Izikhala ze-PCIe x16 zihlotshaniswa namakhadi wehluzo (ama-GPU) futhi zinikeza i-bandwidth ephezulu kakhulu etholakalayo kumabhodi ebhodi ajwayelekile abathengi. Izinhlelo zemidlalo ephezulu, ukudala okuqukethwe, kanye nezindawo zokusebenza zivame ukuhlonyiswa ngezikhala ze-PCIe x16 zamakhono anamandla okucubungula ihluzo.
4. Iyini isiteshi se-PCIe?
Uma unquma ngenhlanganisela yamakhadi okunweba ebhodi lomama, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi iyini isiteshi se-PCIe. Isiteshi se-PCIe siyiphini lomqhubi ngaphakathi kwesikhala se-PCIe. Ngokuvamile, usayizi wesikhala se-PCIe ubonisa nenani leziteshi ze-PCIe. Isibonelo, isikhala se-PCIe x16 sineziteshi ze-PCIe x16, kanti isikhala se-PCIe x1 sineziteshi ze-PCIe x1.
Ibhodi lomama elijwayelekile livame ukuba neziteshi ze-PCIe ezingaba ngu-20 kuya ku-24, ezisatshalaliswa kuzo zonke izikhala ze-PCIe ezakhelwe phezu kwalo, kodwa ezinye izikhala ze-PCIe zingase zibe neziteshi zedatha eziningi kunosayizi wazo, kanti ezinye izikhala ze-PCIe x16 zingase zibe neziteshi ze-PCIe x8 kuphela, kodwa ngeke kube nenkinga ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela, futhi zingasekela nokuxhumeka kwamakhadi wehluzo e-GPU.
5. Yiziphi izindlela zokusebenzisa i-PCIe X1 slot?
Nakuba i-PCIe x1 slot inesiteshi esisodwa se-PCIe, isadlala indima ethile futhi ingaxhumanisa izinhlobo eziningi zamakhadi okunweba, njengemodemu namakhadi enethiwekhi, amakhadi omsindo, amakhadi okunweba e-SATA, amakhadi okunweba echwebeni le-USB, amakhadi okushuna i-TV, amakhadi okuthwebula ividiyo, amakhadi e-adaptha, njll., azokwethulwa kuwe ngamunye ngamunye.
1. Amamodemu namakhadi enethiwekhi
Ungasebenzisa i-PCIe x1 slot ukwengeza amakhadi okunweba anezintambo noma angenantambo kubhodi lomama, njengamakhadi e-PCIe x1 WiFi noma amakhadi e-1G PCIe Ethernet. Amabhodi omama ekhompyutha avame ukuba ne-Ethernet eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, kodwa amakhadi e-PCIe x1 Wi-Fi angenye yezindlela zokwengeza uxhumano lwe-Wi-Fi kukhompyutha yakho.
I-PCIe x1 slot ingasekela zonke izinhlobo zamakhadi enethiwekhi angenantambo, kufaka phakathi iphrothokholi yakamuva ye-Wi-Fi 6, kodwa ingasekela kuphela amakhadi e-Gigabit Ethernet noma e-RJ45 Ethernet LAN (inethiwekhi yendawo).
2. Amakhadi omsindo
Abasebenzisi abazisa ikhwalithi yomsindo bangafaka ikhadi lomsindo ku-PCIe x1 slot ukuze bathole ikhwalithi yomsindo ephezulu nomsindo onembile kakhudlwana, kanye nokuvikela okungcono ekuphazamisekeni kwe-electromagnetic.
3. Ikhadi lokunweba le-SATA
Uma ufuna ukwengeza amanye ama-hard drive e-SATA kukhompyutha yakho, ungathola ikhadi lokunweba le-PCIe x1 SATA ukuze ungeze amanye ama-port e-SATA. Ama-SATA SSD anesivinini sokudlulisa idatha esingaba ngu-550 Mbps, ama-SATA HDD anesivinini sokudlulisa idatha esingaba ngu-150 Mbps, kanti i-PCIe x1 slot yesizukulwane sesithathu inesivinini sokudlulisa idatha esingaba ngu-1Gbps, okungeke kube nenkinga yokuphatha ama-drive amaningi okugcina i-SATA.
4. Ikhadi lokunweba imbobo ye-USB
I-PCIe x1 ingasekela futhi ukunwetshwa kwembobo ye-USB. Amanye ama-I/O angangezwa ngesikhala se-PCIe x1. Vele uthole ikhadi lokunwetshwa le-I/O elinesici sefomu le-PCIe x1.
5. Ikhadi le-TV tuner
Okunye ukusetshenziswa kwesikhala se-PCIe x1 yikhadi le-tuner le-TV. Usebenzisa ikhadi le-TV le-PCIe x1, ungavumela idivayisi yakho ukuthi yamukele amasignali e-TV futhi iwaguqulele ngqo ku-TV. Amanye amakhadi angavumela ngisho nekhompyutha ukuthi iqophe imibukiso ye-TV ebukhoma ngqo kusuka kukhebula ukuze ibukwe kamuva.
6. Ikhadi lokuthwebula ividiyo
Ikhadi lokuthwebula ividiyo livumela ikhompyutha ukuthi ithole noma yimuphi umthombo wevidiyo kusuka kukhamera noma kwenye idivayisi yangaphandle (njenge-game console, i-TV, noma i-DVD player) futhi iguqule lawa masignali evidiyo abe idatha yedijithali engagcinwa kukhompyutha. Le datha eguquliwe ingasakazwa ngesikhathi sangempela noma ilondolozwe ukuze ihlelwe kamuva.
7. Ikhadi le-Riser
Uma udinga ama-PCIe slots engeziwe, ungasebenzisa ikhadi le-PCIe riser, elaziwa nangokuthi umsabalalisi. Ngemva kokuxhuma ikhadi le-PCIe riser, inani le-slots kuphela elizokwanda, kodwa i-bandwidth ye-PCIe izohlala ingashintshi futhi isatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo phakathi kwama-PCIe slots ekhadini le-riser. Okusho ukuthi, ikhadi le-riser eline-PCIe x1 slots ezine ezixhunywe kwi-PCIe x1 slot lizoba nengxenye yesine ye-PCIe x1 bandwidth kwi-slot ngayinye.
6. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwezizukulwane ezahlukene ze-PCIe slots?
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezikhala ze-PCIe kudlule ezizukulwaneni eziningana kuze kube manje, futhi isizukulwane ngasinye sithuthukisiwe ngokwezinga lokudluliswa kwedatha, umkhawulokudonsa kanye nemisebenzi:
I-PCIe 1.0 / 1.1:
I-1.0 yakhishwa ngo-2003, kwathi i-1.1 yakhishwa eminyakeni emibili kamuva (2005). Umkhawulokudonsa ophezulu ngesiteshi ngasinye wakhushulwa kusuka ku-250MB/s kuya ku-250 MB/s; umkhawulokudonsa ophezulu wesikhala se-x16 wahlala ku-4GB/s. Lesi yisizukulwane sokuqala se-PCIe, esethula isivinini esiphezulu kunezixhumi ze-PCI zangaphambilini.
I-PCIe 2.0:
Ngo-2007, kwakhishwa isizukulwane sesibili sezindawo zokubeka i-PCIe, siphinda kabili i-bandwidth ephezulu ngesiteshi ngasinye saya ku-500 MB/s, kanti isivinini se-bandwidth esiphezulu se-x16 slot naso sanda saya ku-8GB/s, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza okuphelele.
I-PCIe 3.0:
Yathuthukiswa yaba yisizukulwane sesi-3 ngo-2010, nge-bandwidth ephezulu engu-1 GB/s ngesiteshi kanye ne-bandwidth ephezulu engu-16 GB/s yezikhala ze-x16. Uma kuqhathaniswa nesizukulwane esidlule, izinga ledatha ngesiteshi liphindeke kabili, okunikeza ukusebenza okuphezulu kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga kakhulu.
I-PCIe 4.0:
Umkhiqizo wesizukulwane sesi-4 wakhishwa ngo-2017, ngegebe elide phakathi kwesizukulwane esidlule nesizukulwane esidlule. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-PCIe 3.0, izinga ledatha ngesiteshi ngasinye liphindeke kabili futhi, okunikeza i-bandwidth eyengeziwe yamakhadi wehluzo asebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nezixazululo zokugcina.
I-PCIe 5.0:
Ngo-2019, i-PCIe 5.0 yasungulwa, ine-bandwidth ephezulu engu-4GB/s ngesiteshi ngasinye kanye ne-bandwidth ephezulu engu-64GB/s yezikhala ze-x16, efanelekile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezisanda kuvela ezidinga idatha eningi.
I-PCIe 6.0:
Ngo-2022, izothuthukiswa ibe yisizukulwane sesi-6, okuyisizukulwane sakamuva kakhulu kuze kube manje. I-bandwidth ephezulu yesiteshi ngasinye inyuswa ibe yi-8GB/s, kanti i-bandwidth ephezulu yesikhala se-x16 ifinyelele ku-128GB/s, okuphula umkhawulo wokudlulisa idatha ngesivinini esikhulu wezinhlelo zesikhathi esizayo.
7. isifinyezo
Ngamafuphi, isivinini sokuxhumanisa ama-slots e-PCIe siphindwe kabili ngesizukulwane ngasinye. Ubuchwepheshe bamuva bokwakhiwa kwe-PCIe bushesha kakhulu kuneziprosesa ezithengiswa emakethe njengamanje, okubangele ukubambezeleka ekuthengisweni kwemikhiqizo yehadiwe ngesivinini sokukhiqiza i-PCIe esisheshayo. Njengamanje, esetshenziswa kakhulu futhi ethandwa kakhulu emakethe yi-PCIe Gen 4, ikakhulukazi ekubalweni okuphezulu kwekhompyutha ezindaweni zedatha, evame ukusetshenziswa ku
amakhompyutha e-rackmount ezimboniNgikholwa ukuthi maduze nje, isizukulwane sesi-6 se-PCIe sizoshanela izimpilo zethu, cishe sithole izinhlelo zokusebenza kumadivayisi anjenge-
Ama-PC ezimboni angu-2U,
i-PC yezimboni 4U, futhi
ama-PC amancane angenawo fan.
Ukufundwa Okunconyiwe:
I-PC ye-Rackmount
Ikhompyutha Ehlanganisiwe
Amakhompyutha Aphathekayo Ezimboni
Amaphilisi Aqinile
I-Laptop Eqinile
I-PC Yephaneli Yezimboni
Isandla Esiqinile Esibanjwe Ngesandla
I-Advantech Industrial PC
