ATX vs MicroATX: Kufananitsa Kwathunthu kwa Omanga Pakompyuta

Kusankha chinthu choyenera cha boardboard ndi nkhani yofunika kwambiri kwa omanga ma PC, kaya mukumanga makina ochitira masewera, kanyumba kakang'ono, kapena kompyuta yotsika mtengo. ATX ndi ma microATX motherboards ndi njira ziwiri zodziwika bwino poziyerekeza. Ngakhale zingawoneke zofanana poyang'ana koyamba, iliyonse imapereka maubwino ofunikira malinga ndi kukula, kukula, magwiridwe antchito, komanso mtengo.

Muyezo wa ATX (Advanced Technology eXtended), woyezera 305mm x 244mm, umapangidwira nsanja zazikuluzikulu ndipo umapereka mipata yambiri ya PCIe, kuchuluka kwa RAM, ndi zosankha za I/O. Izi zimapangitsa ATX kukhala yabwino kwa okonda, opanga zinthu, ndi masanjidwe a GPU ambiri.

Mosiyana ndi izi, mawonekedwe a microATX (omwe amadziwikanso kuti mATX) amayesa 244mm ndi 244mm. Imasunga mawonekedwe ambiri a ATX koma imakhala yophatikizika, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera pakatikati pa nsanja komanso milandu yaying'ono. MicroATX ndi chisankho chodziwika bwino kwa omanga okonda bajeti ndi ogwiritsa ntchito maofesi akunyumba omwe akufuna kusunga malo osataya liwiro, chifukwa imathandizira mpaka mipata inayi ya PCIe ndipo imapereka zosankha zingapo zolumikizirana.

Zofunikira za Fomu Factor

Mukasankha bolodi, gawo loyamba ndikumvetsetsa kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ATX ndi microATX mawonekedwe. Zonsezi zimatengera muyeso wa ATX, koma zimasiyana kwambiri mumiyeso, kuchuluka kwa slot, ndi kapangidwe kagawo.

Chithunzi cha ATX

The ATX motherboard miyeso 305mm x 244mm (12 x 9.6 mainchesi) ndipo idapangidwira nkhani zazikulu za nsanja. Imathandizira:

• Mpaka 7 mipata yowonjezera (PCIe kapena legacy PCI)

• 4 DIMM mipata kwa RAM (nthawi zina zambiri)

• Malo akulu kwa Zithunzi za VRM, njira kuzirala,ndi zolumikizira

• Zokwanira bwino zomanga zapamwamba, kukhazikitsidwa kwa ma GPU ambiri,ndi overclocking

Mapazi ake akuluakulu amalola apamwamba kutentha ntchito, Zambiri Mitu ya USB, M.2 mipata,ndi Zolumikizira za SATA, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zokondedwa pakati omanga okonda.

Zambiri za MicroATX

The mawonekedwe a microATX ndi yaying'ono pang'ono 244mm x 244mm (9.6 x 9.6 mainchesi). Ngakhale kukula kwake kocheperako, imasunga zambiri zomwe zimapezeka pama board a ATX:

• Nthawi zambiri 4 mipata yowonjezera (1–2 x16, kupuma x1 kapena x4)

• Nthawi zambiri amathandiza 2-4 RAM mipata

• Zogwirizana ndi ambiri Mphamvu zamagetsi za ATX ndi standard CPU sockets

• Zokwanira pakati pa nsanja, mini-nsanja, ndi ena milandu yaying'ono

Zikomo zake kuyanjana mmbuyo, ma boardboard a microATX angagwiritsidwe ntchito Zithunzi za ATX, kupereka kusinthasintha pakupanga mapulani.

Kuyerekeza Table

Mitundu yonse iwiri imathandizira ma chipsets amakono, Miyezo ya PSU (ATX12V),ndi Zosintha za I/O, koma machitidwe awo enieni komanso kagwiritsidwe ntchito kake zimasiyana kutengera kumanga zolinga ndi zolepheretsa danga.

Kukula Kwathupi & Kugwirizana Kwake

Chimodzi mwazosiyana zaposachedwa komanso zowoneka bwino pakati pa ma board a ma microATX ndi ATX ndi kukula kwawo, komwe kumakhudza mwachindunji kuyenderana kwamilandu, mawonekedwe amkati, komanso momwe zimakhalira.

Kuyerekeza Kukula

Bolodi ya mama ya ATX imafuna chinsalu chathunthu kapena chapakati-nsanja kuti igwirizane ndi malo ake okulirapo komanso kuchuluka kwa mipata ya PCIe ndi zolumikizira. Malo owonjezerawa amalola kuti mpweya uziyenda bwino, njira yosavuta yolumikizira chingwe, ndikuthandizira makadi ojambula angapo, zoziziritsa kukhosi zazikulu, ndi zina zambiri zosungira.

Mosiyana ndi izi, bolodi la ma microATX, lomwe lili ndi mawonekedwe ake ang'onoang'ono, limatha kukhala pakati pa nsanja, mini-tower, ndi ma microATX-enieni ena. Ndi yabwino kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe amaika patsogolo kamangidwe kophatikizana, monga maofesi akunyumba, HTPCs (Home Theatre PC), kapena zida zamaphwando a LAN. Ngakhale kukula kwake, microATX imaperekabe chithandizo chokwanira cha makadi ojambula amakono, kusungirako kwa M.2, ndi malo ofikira 4 RAM mumitundu yambiri.

Malangizo Ogwirizana ndi Mlandu

• Zithunzi za ATX kwenikweni kuthandiza ATX, Mtengo wa microATX,ndipo Mini-ITX mavabodi

• Milandu ya MicroATX chithandizo chokha Mtengo wa microATX ndi Mini-ITX matabwa

• tsimikizirani nthawi zonse kukhazikika kwa standoff, Kukula kwa chishango cha I/O,ndi chilolezo cha zozizira za CPU kapena ma GPU

Malingaliro Opulumutsa Malo

Kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe ali ndi malo ochepera a desiki, MicroATX imapereka mawonekedwe ophatikizika kwambiri osapereka ntchito zazikulu. Komabe, omwe akukonzekera kukweza kwamtsogolo, kuziziritsa makonda, kapena kuyika kwa ma GPU angapo adzapindula ndi malo akulu ndi kusinthika koperekedwa ndi ATX.

Pamapeto pake, kusankha kwanu kuyenera kukhala kogwirizana ndi zomwe mukufuna kuchita, kukula kwamilandu, ndi zovuta zamalo ogwirira ntchito.

Kukula & Kukweza

Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakulinganiza MicroATX vs ATX motherboards ndi kukula-makamaka ngati mukufuna kukonza makina anu pakapita nthawi. Chiwerengero cha zomwe zilipo mipata yowonjezera, Njira za RAM,ndi zolumikizira zosungira zitha kukhudza kwambiri kusinthasintha kwadongosolo komanso moyo wautali.

Kukulitsa kagawo Kufananiza

Zithunzi za ATX perekani malo ochulukirapo makhadi okulitsa, monga:

• Makhadi ojambula odzipereka (NVIDIA kapena AMD)

• Jambulani makhadi, makadi amawu, kapena ma adapter network

• Zambiri Ma SSD a M.2 ndi Ma drive osungira a SATA

Izi zimapangitsa ATX kukhala yabwino kwa osewera, opanga zinthu,ndi malo ogwirira ntchito kufuna mkulu bandwidth ndi kulumikizana.

matabwa a microATX, ngakhale kuti ndi yaying'ono, imaperekabe njira zowonjezera zowonjezera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri:

• Mmodzi wathunthu PCIe x16 kagawo kwa GPU

• Zowonjezera PCIe x1/x4 mipata kwa netiweki kapena makadi amawu

• Mpaka 4 DIMM mipata mu zitsanzo zapamwamba

Kukweza Kuthekera

Zithunzi za ATX perekani kusinthasintha kowonjezereka pakukweza kwamtsogolo, kuthandizira:

• Kukhazikitsa kwa Multi-GPU (SLI kapena Crossfire, ngati ikugwirabe ntchito)

• Chachikulu Zithunzi za VRM ndi bwino kupereka mphamvu za overclocking

• Zowonjezera mitu ya fan ndi Zithunzi za RGB

Mtengo wa microATX amapereka zina mwa izi kuti zikhale zocheperapo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera bajeti imamanga kapena ogwiritsa ntchito omwe ali ndi zosowa zochepa zowonjezera.

Pokonzekera PC ndi kukula m'tsogolo mu malingaliro, ATX nthawi zambiri imapereka mitu yambiri. Pakumanga kosinthika, koyenera, kukula kwa microATX ndi njira zofunika zokwezera.